Ngamaxesha athile onyaka, sidla ngokuba nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane, akunjalo? Ingakumbi xa imozulu itshintsha kwaye imvula iqhubeka, abantu abaninzi baqala ukugula. Ngoko ke, ngamanye amaxesha sibiza umkhuhlane ngeli xesha ngokuthi "umkhuhlane wentsholongwane" okanye "umkhuhlane othwalwa ngumoya" kwaye asiwunaki kangako. Kodwa kufuneka silumke ngakumbi ngale meko "yomkhuhlane". Kuba inokuba yingozi ngakumbi kunomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngeli xesha lomkhuhlane, indlela yokuwulungiselela, kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela.
Ngoko ke, yintoni le nto yokugonyela umkhuhlane? Ngaba sifanele siyifumane?
Ngamafutshane, olu lugonyo olukhusela kwintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-influenza. Ekubeni uhlobo lwale ntsholongwane lutshintsha kancinci minyaka le, ugonyo lwenzelwe ukuba lufanele loo nyaka. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba ufumane olu gonyo minyaka le.
Leliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokugonywa?
Nangona kunzima ukuqikelela ixesha elichanekileyo lexesha lomkhuhlane eSri Lanka, kungcono ukugonywa ngoSeptemba/Okthobha . Ngelo xesha, xa ixesha lomkhuhlane liphezulu, amasosha omzimba wakho aya kuba sele eqokelelene. Kodwa khawucinge ukuba ubungenakukwazi ukugonywa ngelo xesha. Akukho ngxaki! Usenokugonywa emva kukaNovemba. Ngamanye amaxesha ixesha lomkhuhlane linokuhlala de kube ziinyanga zokuqala zonyaka olandelayo.
Ngubani ofanele afumane olu gonyo?
Ngokubanzi, olu gonyo lucetyiswa kuye wonke umntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwe-6 ubudala . Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, lusenokungafaneleki kwabanye abantu. Umzekelo:
- Abantu abane-aleji enzima kuyo nayiphi na izithako ezikwigonyo (ezifana ne-gelatin okanye ezinye ii-antibiotics).
- Abanye abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo.
- Ezinye izitofu zisenokungafaneleki kwabanye abafazi abakhulelweyo.
Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane ingcebiso.
Isebenza kangakanani le gonyo?
Izinga lempumelelo liyahluka kancinci ukusuka kunyaka ukuya kunyaka, kodwa ngokubanzi linciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana umkhuhlane phakathi kwama-40% nama-60% . Kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, nokuba ufumana umkhuhlane, ukufumana isitofu kuya kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba mandundu, ukuphuhlisa iingxaki ezifana ne-pneumonia, kunye nokuya esibhedlele.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana umkhuhlane? Kwaye zeziphi iintlobo zemithi yokugonya?
Abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki ezibangelwa yiflu kunabanye. Aba bantu sibabiza ngokuba "ngabantu abasengozini enkulu."
Ngoobani abakumaqela asengozini enkulu?
- Abantwana abancinci:Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala ngabona basengozini enkulu yeengxaki. Ekubeni abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala bengenakugonywa, ukhuseleko olungcono kukuba wonke umntu ojikeleze abo bantwana (umama, utata, amalungu osapho) agonywe.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Ngenxa yokuba amajoni abo omzimba abuthathaka njengoko bekhula, aba bantu banokugula kakhulu ukuba bafumana umkhuhlane.
- Abafazi abakhulelweyo: Abafazi abafumana umkhuhlane ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokubeleka basengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki.
- Abantu abaneengxaki zempilo ezingapheliyo:
- Isifuba
- Isifo seswekile
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Ukutyeba kakhulu
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka ngenxa yeemeko ezifana nomhlaza kunye ne-HIV.
| Uhlobo lweGonyo | Amanqaku Akhethekileyo |
|---|---|
| Inaliti yedosi eqhelekileyo | Inaliti eqhelekileyo enikwa abantu abaninzi ngenaliti. |
| Inaliti enedosi ephezulu | Isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokhuseleko oluqinileyo kwabo baneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu. |
| Ugonyo oluncedisiweyo | Kongezwa i-adjuvant ukuze kuphuculwe impendulo yomzimba. Oku kufanelekile nakubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. |
| Isitofu sokutshiza ngeempumlo | Olu khetho lulungileyo kwabo boyika iinaliti. Lufanelekile kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwengama-49 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukhuthazwa kubafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka. |
| Ugonyo lwabantu abane-aleji yamaqanda | Yenziwe kusetyenziswa inkcubeko yeeseli ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amaqanda. Ikhuselekile kwabo bane-allergies zamaqanda. |
Ngaba ndinomkhuhlane? Okanye ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo?
Iimpawu zomkhuhlane zihlala ziqala ngesiquphe kwaye zibuhlungu kakhulu . Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukuziva umkhuhlane
- Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Ukudinwa
- Ukukhwehlela
- Umqala obuhkungu
- Impumlo enemifinya
Ukuhlanza norhudo kuxhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni kunakwabantu abadala. Kodwa khumbula, ungafumana umkhuhlane ngaphandle komkhuhlane.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo?
Umkhuhlane unganyangwa ekhaya ngokuphumla nokuphumla. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka siqaphele iimpawu ezithile ezilumkisayo . Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) elikufutshane.
| Iqela | Iimpawu zesilumkiso ezifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo |
|---|---|
| Abantwana |
|
| Abantu abadala |
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Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane? Kwaye ungayithintela njani?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneflu, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuhlala ekhaya uphumle ngokwaneleyo. Oku kuya kukunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasaza esi sifo kwabanye. Kuphephe ukunxibelelana nabanye ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba umkhuhlane wakho uphelile.
Njengonyango, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane. I-Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) yenye yeziyobisi ezidumileyo. La mayeza asebenza kakhulu ukuba aqaliswe kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kokuqala kweempawu. Anganciphisa ixesha lokugula ngosuku olunye okanye ezimbini aze anciphise ubukhali beempawu. Kodwa khumbula, la mayeza afanele athathwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho .
Ukuthintela kusoloko kungcono kunokunyanga. Ukongeza ekugonyweni, ziqhelise ezi zinto zilula.
* Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha rhoqo.
* Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo yakho ngethishu okanye ngengqiniba yakho xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla.
* Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
* Ukuba uyagula, hlala ekhaya ukuze ukhusele abanye.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Fumana ugonyo lomkhuhlane rhoqo ngonyaka: Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kumkhuhlane.
- Lumka ngamaqela asemngciphekweni: Ukuba unabantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, umama okhulelweyo, okanye umntu onezifo ezingapheliyo ekhayeni lakho, nceda ubakhusele.
- Qaphela iimpawu zesilumkiso: Yazi umahluko phakathi kweempawu eziqhelekileyo nezo zifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
- Funa ingcebiso kugqirha wakho: Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokuxilongwa, ugonyo, kunye nonyango.
- Lumka ucoceko: Imikhwa elula yempilo efana nokuhlamba izandla rhoqo inokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
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