Yintoni iHepatitis B? Ngamafutshane...
IHepatitis B yintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane . Ibangela ukudumba kwesibindi sakho. Cinga ngayo, isibindi sesinye sezitho ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Sifana nomzi-mveliso, sisebenza kakhulu. Ngoko ke intsholongwane yeHepatitis B yonakalisa isitho esibalulekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuza njengexesha elifutshane (iHepatitis B ebukhali) , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokuphila ngaphandle kweempawu nangaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu iba yintsholongwane engapheliyo (iHepatitis B engapheliyo) okanye imeko yexesha elide emzimbeni. Le meko engapheliyo inokuba yingozi. Kuba, ngokuhamba kwexesha, oku kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwesibindi, okubizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis , kwaye ekugqibeleni ukungasebenzi kwesibindi . Okwangoku, akukho nyango lupheleleyo lweHepatitis B, oko kukuthi, unyango olususa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane emzimbeni. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho amayeza anokuthintela le ntsholongwane. Intsholongwane engasebenziyo ithetha ukuba nokuba unayo intsholongwane emzimbeni wakho, amathuba okosulela abanye aphantsi kakhulu. Inokulawula nomonakalo wesibindi.Ixhaphake kangakanani iHepatitis B?
Ngokutsho kweWorld Health Organisation (WHO), ihepatitis B lolona sulelo luxhaphakileyo lwesibindi ehlabathini . Khawucinge nje, kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nezigidi ezingama-254 zabantu kwihlabathi liphela banesifo esingapheliyo sehepatitis B. Kwanakwiizwe ezifana ne-United States, amawaka abantu anesifo esi. Nangona kungekho zibalo zichanekileyo malunga nemeko yelizwe lethu, esi sisifo esixhaphakileyo phakathi kwethu.Zithini iimpawu zeHepatitis B?
Ngamanye amaxesha unokuba neHepatitis B kodwa ungabi nazimpawu . Yiyo leyo ingxaki ngale nto. Ukuba iimpawu ziyenzeka, zisenokuba zezi:- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Ukudinwa
- Ifiva
- Intlungu yamalungu
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Umzimba ongenabomi
- Umchamo ujika ube mthubi okanye ube mdaka
- Izitulo ziba nombala okhanyayo, zibe nombala wodongwe
- Ukudumba kwesisu, izandla, neenyawo (ngenxa yokugcina ulwelo)
- Ukutyheli kwamhlophe emehlweni naselusu - oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-jaundice .
Khumbula, ukuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba uneHepatitis B. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kububulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha.
Kutheni sifumana iHepatitis B? Isasazeka njani?
I-Hepatitis B isasazeka ngokuchanabeka kulwelo lomzimba oluvela kumntu onentsholongwane ye-hepatitis B. Olu lwelo lomzimba lulandelayo:- Igazi
- Amadlozi
- Ulwelo lwesisu
- Amathe (nangona umngcipheko wokosulela ngamathe uphantsi, unokwenzeka ngomlomo ophukileyo )
- Ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye lokubeleka (umz., ulwelo lwe-amniotic, igazi likamama)
- Ulwelo lokuya exesheni
- Ukusebenzisa kwakhona iinaliti okanye iisirinji ezisetyenziswe ngumntu osuleleke yintsholongwane. Le yingxaki eqhelekileyo phakathi kwabasebenzisi beziyobisi.
- Ukuba nesondo esingakhuselekanga nomntu onentsholongwane. Oko kuthetha ukuba nesondo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ikhondom.
- Ukulimala okuvela kwisixhobo esibukhali esingcoliswe ligazi elisulelekileyo. Umzekelo, kwisixhobo sezonyango (esifana ne-scalpel) esibhedlele, okanye kwisixhobo esisulelekileyo esisetyenziswa kwindawo yokubhala itattoo okanye kwi-salon yobuhle.
- Ukusuka kumama osulelekileyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe ngexesha lokuzalwa. Le yindlela ephambili yokudluliselwa kwe-hepatitis B kwihlabathi liphela. Yiyo loo nto oomama abakhulelweyo bevavanywa i-hepatitis B.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana iHepatitis B?
Nabani na unokufumana iHepatitis B, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu:- Abantu abanezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI), ezifana ne-HIV.
- Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba. La mayeza anikwa ukulawula amajoni omzimba kwizifo ezithile, umzekelo, emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba.
- Abantu abafumana unyango lokuhlanjululwa kwegazi (i-dialysis) ngenxa yesifo sezintso.
- Abantu abanezinye izifo zesibindi.
- Abasebenzi bezempilo. Ngenxa yokuba behlala bedibana nezigulana, kukho umngcipheko wokuhlatywa yinto efana nenaliti.
- Abantu abahlala kwikhaya elinye nomntu osulelekileyo. (Kubalulekile ukuphepha ukwabelana ngezinto zobuqu)
Umntu oneHepatitis B angasuleleka ixesha elingakanani?
Ungasasaza intsholongwane komnye umntu logama nje intsholongwane isebenza emzimbeni wakho. Umzekelo, imeko yexesha elifutshane ye-hepatitis B ebukhali inokuhlala malunga neenyanga ezintandathu. Ungasasaza intsholongwane kulo lonke eli xesha. Ukuba une -hepatitis B engapheliyo esebenzayo , ungasasaza isifo ubomi bakho bonke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une -hepatitis B engapheliyo engasebenziyo , oko kuthetha ukuba intsholongwane ilawulwa ngamayeza, umngcipheko wokusasazeka kwayo uphantsi kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze afumanise ukuba unayo na intsholongwane esebenzayo okanye engasebenziyo emzimbeni wakho.Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yosulelo lweHepatitis B?
Zombini i-hepatitis B ebukhali nengapheliyo zinokubangela iingxaki. Ezi ziquka:- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi: Oku kukuyeka ngequbuliso nangokukhawuleza ukusebenza kwesibindi. Le ngozi iphezulu kubantu abane-hepatitis B yexeshana elifutshane.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi: I-hepatitis B engapheliyo inokubangela ukuba isibindi singasebenzi kakuhle kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- I-Cirrhosis: Le yimeko apho isibindi siba lukhuni ngenxa yokwakheka kwezicubu ezibomvu. Olu qhekeko lwenzeka xa isibindi sonakele kwaye sizama ukuzilungisa. Njengoko umonakalo usanda, nezihlunu ezibomvu nazo ziyanda.
- IHepatitis D: Olu lolunye uhlobo lwehepatitis. Ungayifumana kuphela xa unehepatitis B.
- Umhlaza wesibindi: I-hepatitis B engapheliyo yeyona nto iphambili ebangela umhlaza wesibindi.
- I-hepatitis B ephinde yasebenza: Oku kwenzeka xa i-hepatitis B eyayilawulwa ngaphambili iphinda ivele ngequbuliso ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba, okanye emva kokuba uyekile loo mayeza.
Ufumanisa njani ukuba uneHepatitis B?
Xa ubona ugqirha, baza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, benze uvavanyo lomzimba, baze bakubuze ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sesibindi na. Ukongeza, banokukubuza izinto ezifana nezi:- Ingaba umsebenzi wakho ubeka emngciphekweni wokufumana intsholongwane? (umz. abasebenzi bezempilo)
- Ngaba usebenzisa amayeza okufaka umthambo (IV)?
- Ngaba ulala nabantu ocinga ukuba banokuba ne-hepatitis B?
Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?
Ugqirha ikakhulu wenza ezi mvavanyo:- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokukuxelela ukuba uneHepatitis B yexesha elifutshane okanye engapheliyo, kunye nolwazi oluninzi malunga nobungakanani bentsholongwane kunye nemeko yesibindi sakho.
- Uvavanyo lokufota: Umzekelo, iskeni efana ne -elastography ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuqina kwesibindi, okanye i-cirrhosis.
- Uvavanyo lwesibindi: Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi kunye neeskeni azanelanga, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olu vavanyo ukuze afunde ngakumbi ngesibindi sakho. Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yesibindi ngenaliti encinci uze uyivavanye kwilebhu.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweHepatitis B?
Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.1. Unyango lokuthintela
Oku kunikwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba uchaphazelekile yile ntsholongwane, umzekelo, ukuba ufumana intonga yenaliti okanye wabelana ngesondo nomntu osulelekileyo ngaphandle kwesizathu.- Ugonyo lweHepatitis B: Kunikwa iidosi ezininzi zogonyo.
- I-Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG): Le iqulethe ii-antibodies ezilwa nentsholongwane. Ikhusela ngokukhawuleza.
2. Unyango lwexesha elifutshane lwe-hepatitis B (i-Acute hepatitis B)
Akukho nyango luthile lwe-hepatitis B yexesha elifutshane. Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwelo lwe-IV ukuba uhlanza kakhulu okanye urhudo. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni , apho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kuxa umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye ungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukuphumla kunye nokutya okunesondlo kudla ngokuba zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zenziwe.3. Unyango lwe-hepatitis B olungapheliyo
Unyango lwe-hepatitis B engapheliyo luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.- Ukubeka esweni: Eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa, kodwa lithetha ukuba ugqirha wakho uhlala ebeka esweni impilo yakho. Uza kuba neentlanganiso zokulandelela rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Baza kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi kunye neeskeni ukujonga umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane kunye nokusebenza kwesibindi.
- Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane okanye amayeza okulawula iintsholongwane . La mayeza alawula intsholongwane, anciphise umonakalo wesibindi, kwaye anciphise umngcipheko wokudlulisela isifo kwabanye. La mayeza anokufuneka uwathathe ubomi bakho bonke.
- Utyando:Ukuba i-hepatitis B ibangela umhlaza wesibindi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lokususa loo nxalenye yesibindi. Ukuba isibindi sonke kufuneka sisuswe, kusenokufuneka ukuba kufakwe esinye isibindi .
Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi yokosulelwa yiHepatitis B?
Ukugonywa yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela olu sulelo. Ukufumana zonke iidosi ezintathu zokugonyela i-hepatitis B (ezinye iidosi zifuna iidosi ezimbini kuphela) kuya kukunika ukhuseleko olupheleleyo. Ezi naliti kufuneka zinikwe zingadlulanga iinyanga ezintandathu. Okwangoku, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:- Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo: Ukuba awazi ukuba iqabane lakho linayo na intsholongwane, sebenzisa ikhondom yelatex okanye yepolyurethane rhoqo.
- Musa ukwabelana ngezinto zakho zobuqu: I-Hepatitis B inokudluliselwa ngegazi elisulelekileyo kwizinto ezifana neebrashi zamazinyo kunye neerazors.
- Ziqhelise ukusebenzisa iinaliti ngendlela ekhuselekileyo: Ukuba usebenzisa iziyobisi ngemithambo yegazi, ungaze wabelane ngeenaliti okanye ngeesirinji nabanye. Ukuba ufumana iitattoo okanye ukugqobhoza iindlebe, qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo ezicocekileyo nezicociweyo.
Ukuba ndineHepatitis B, ndingazithintela njani ukosulela abanye abantu?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukufumanisa ukuba unayo na intsholongwane. I-CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) eMelika icebisa ukuba wonke umntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwe-18 ubudala ahlolwe i-hepatitis B ubuncinane kube kanye ebomini bakhe.- Ukuba une-hepatitis B ebukhali, kungcono ukuhlala ekhaya kwaye uphephe ukuya emsebenzini okanye ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu ngelixa uneempawu.
- Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo, thatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngqo. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye.
- Xelela usapho lwakho kunye nabo wabelana nabo ngesondo ukuba bafumane ugonyo lwe-hepatitis B.
- Musa ukuvumela nabani na ukuba achukumise igazi lakho okanye ulwelo lomzimba. Ukuba ufumana inxeba, ligqume kakuhle.
Ndingazinyamekela njani ngelixa ndiphila neHepatitis B engapheliyo?
Iimpawu ze-hepatitis B engapheliyo zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Enye indlela onokuthi uzinyamekele ngayo kukuhlala unxibelelene neqela lakho lezonyango. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:- Lumka kutywala: Ukuba usela ngaphezu kwe-1.5 - 2 ounces yotywala ngosuku (oko kukuthi malunga nedosi yotywala okanye ibhotile yebhiya), iityhefu zingaqokelelana esibindini sakho. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kumntu one-hepatitis B.
- Yitya kakuhle: Zalisa isitya sakho ngeproteni engenamafutha, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Ukutya kwaseMediteraEsi sisicwangciso esihle sokutya esinceda ukuxhasa impilo yesibindi. Ngamafutshane, ukutya imifuno emitsha, iziqhamo, imifuno, ioyile yomnquma, intlanzi kunye namandongomane.
- Khangela inkxaso: Ukuchitha ixesha nabantu abaziyo ukuba ujamelene nantoni na kunokunceda. Kunokubakho amaqela enkxaso kubantu abakwimeko ezifanayo.
- Lumka phambi kokuba usebenzise amayeza amatsha: Oku kuquka amayeza esintu. Amanye amayeza anokonakalisa isibindi sakho okanye asebenzisane namanye amayeza owasebenzisayo. Ngoko buza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale nantoni na entsha.
- Zikhusele kwezinye izifo zesibindi: Ukuba awukagonyelwa iHepatitis A , yifumane. Vavanya iHepatitis C kwaye ufumane unyango ukuba unayo. IHepatitis C sisifo esinyangekayo.
Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule
Njengeentsholongwane ezininzi zehepatitis, ihepatitis B inokungena emzimbeni wakho ngokungekho mthethweni. Usenokungazi nokuba unayo. Isenokuba yimeko yexesha elifutshane. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, ihepatitis B sisifo esingapheliyo esingenanyango. Ukuba uvavanyiwe kwaye wafunyanwa unehepatitis B, usenokuba uzibuza ukuba esi sifo siza kutshintsha njani ubomi bakho. Usenokuba nexhala lokuba uza kuyidlulisela kwabanye intsholongwane.Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho amayeza anokuthintela ekusasazeni intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B engapheliyo kwabanye. Kwaye kukho amanyathelo onokuwathatha ukukhusela impilo yakho iyonke kunye nokukhusela abanye.Ugqirha wakho angakunceda wenze isicwangciso sokuphila ne-hepatitis B. Kukwakho namaqela enkxaso abonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo yokwabelana ngebali lakho kunye nokutshintshiselana ngamava akho. Awuwedwa. Ungakhathazeki, ngemfundo, unyango olufanelekileyo, kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, nawe ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni nobuqhelekileyo.
IHepatitis B, isibindi, usulelo lwentsholongwane, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi, umhlaza wesibindi, ugonyo lweHepatitis B, iHepatitis B engapheliyo
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