Zingaphi iintlobo zeentsholongwane ezihlala emizimbeni yethu singazi? Intsholongwane ye-JC yenye yazo. Enyanisweni, le ntsholongwane ihlala emizimbeni yabantu abadala abangaphezu kwesiqingatha emhlabeni. Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba, ayibangeli monakalo okanye ingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokweenkcukacha malunga nokuba yintoni kanye kanye le nto, xa iba yingxaki, nokuba kufuneka soyike na.
Yintoni kanye kanye intsholongwane ye-JC?
Ngamafutshane, intsholongwane ye-JC yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo. Yafunyanwa okokuqala ngo-1971. Ugqirha wafumana le ntsholongwane engqondweni yendoda eyayinomhlaza obizwa ngokuba yi-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Le ntsholongwane ithiywe ngegama lokuqala lesigulana (uJohn Cunningham).
Kodwa iingcali azikaqiniseki ukuba isasazeka njani ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba intsholongwane ingena emizimbeni yethu xa sisebancinci ngamanzi okanye ukutya okungcolileyo. Xa sele ingaphakathi, intsholongwane inokuhlala ingasebenzi kumchamo wethu, kumongo wethambo, kwiitoni, okanye ebuchotsheni iminyaka, nto leyo engabangeli ngxaki. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banayo le ntsholongwane.
Ngubani ke ngoko osengozini yoku?
Nantsi into ebalulekileyo. Logama nje inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ilungile kwaye inamandla, intsholongwane ye-JC ayizukukuphazamisa. Kufana nje nokulala.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngesizathu esithile inkqubo yomzimba yomntu yokuzikhusela iba buthathaka kakhulu , loo ntsholongwane ingasebenziyo iyavuka ngequbuliso ize iqalise ukusebenza.
Xa intsholongwane isebenza ngolu hlobo, inokubangela usulelo olukhulu kakhulu lobuchopho olubizwa ngokuba yiProgressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy , okanye iPML .
Yintoni i-PML?
Oku konakalisa isigqubuthelo esikhuselayo esijikeleze iiseli zethu zemithambo-luvo . Kufana nesigqubuthelo seplastiki esinyibilikayo kwintambo yombane. Oku kuphazamisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yokuthumela imiyalezo ngemithambo-luvo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni okusisigxina kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokufa .
Umngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana i-PML ngulo:
- Kwabaguli abane-HIV/AIDS .
- Isifo sikaHodgkin), abantu abaneengxaki zomhlaza ezifana ne-leukemia kunye ne-lymphoma.
- Kubantu abanezifo ezifana neMultiple Sclerosis (MS) , iRheumatoid Arthritis , okanye abo bathatha iintlobo ezithile zamayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba .
Zithini iimpawu ze-PML?
Ezi mpawu zihlala ziqala ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Iimpawu zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yengqondo eyonakeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukungakhathali | Izinto ezinje ngobunzima bokwenza izinto, ukukhubeka xa uhamba, nokuwa ezandleni. |
| Ubuthathaka obuba mandundu | Ubuthathaka engalweni, emlenzeni, okanye kwelinye icala lomzimba buyanda kancinci kancinci. |
| Utshintsho kubuntu | Utshintsho olufana nomsindo ngequbuliso, ukuphazamiseka, kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. |
| Ingxaki yokuthetha | Amagama ayaxanana, ndize ndingakwazi nokuthetha into endifuna ukuyithetha. |
| Iingxaki zokubona | Umbono uba lufiphale, kwaye iingxaki ezifana nokubona izinto ezimbini ngaxeshanye ziba lufiphale. |
Uyixilonga njani kanye kanye le nto?
Okokuqala, ungavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba unayo na intsholongwane ye-JC. Oku kuquka ukuthatha uvavanyo lwegazi okanye isampuli yethishu . Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uthatha amayeza acinezela amajoni akho omzimba .
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba une-PML, inkqubo yovavanyo yahlukile.
1. I-MRI scan: Uvavanyo lokuqala oza kulwenza yi -MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo ukuthatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho bakho kunye nokukhangela iipateni kwizicubu zobuchopho eziqhelekileyo kwi-PML.
2. I-Spinal Tap : Okulandelayo, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni enze i-spinal tap (ukubhoboza i-lumbar) . Ungakhathazeki, oku kuquka ukuthatha inaliti encinci uze uthathe inani elincinci lolwelo lomqolo oluvela emqolo wakho ongezantsi. Olu lwelo luvavanywa ukuba lukhona na i-JC virus. Ukuba i-JC virus ifunyenwe kolu lwelo, iqinisekisa ukuba ikhona i-PML.
3. I-Brain Biopsy: Ukuba ezi mvavanyo zingasentla azikacaci, iqhekeza elincinci lezicubu ezivela ebuchotsheni linokufuneka lithathwe ukuze livavanywe (i-biopsy).
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwamayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga izifo ezithile kunye nentsholongwane ye-JC
I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS) kunye nesifo sikaCrohn
Amanye amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezifana neMultiple Sclerosis (MS) kunye neCrohn's Disease (umzekelo, iNatalizumab, iDimethyl fumarate, iFingolimod, iOcrelizumab ) afunyenwe enxulumene nePML.
Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale olu hlobo lwamayeza, ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo uza kukuvavanya ukuze abone ukuba unayo na intsholongwane ye-JC. Usenokukwazi ukusela la mayeza nokuba unayo intsholongwane, kodwa kufuneka uxoxe ngemingcipheko kunye neenzuzo nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo.
I-HIV/AIDS
Amanye amayeza anamhlanje anikwa abantu abane-HIV/AIDS anceda ukuqinisa amajoni omzimba. Oku kube luncedo olukhulu ekuthinteleni ukuphuhliswa kwe-PML kwi-JC virus. Ngenxa yoko, ukwanda kwe-PML phakathi kwabaguli abane-HIV/AIDS kuye kwehla kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-PML?
Okwangoku, akukho chiza lithile livunyiweyo lokunyanga ngokupheleleyo i-PML, kwaye izazinzulu zisaphanda oku.
Olona nyango lubalaseleyo olukhoyo ngoku kukunceda amajoni omzimba alwe nentsholongwane ngokwawo ngokuyivuselela. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu uthatha iyeza elicinezela amajoni akhe omzimba, ugqirha wakhe unokugqiba ekubeni ayeke okanye alitshintshe elo yeza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Intsholongwane ye-JC yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo kakhulu engenabungozi kubantu abaninzi. Ngoko ke musa ukuyisoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Umngcipheko wokwenyani woku kukuba abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu, abanokuba nosulelo olukhulu lobuchopho olubizwa ngokuba yi-PML.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinjengobuthathaka obungaqhelekanga, ubunzima bokuhamba okanye ukuthetha, okanye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kubuntu bakho, ingakumbi ukuba usela amayeza athintela inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise amayeza athile ezifo ezifana ne-MS kunye ne-Crohn's, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko we-JC virus kunye ne-PML.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngokucacileyo uze waziswe ngako.
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