Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukufumanise wena okanye umntwana wakho ene-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) kwaye ucinga ngokuqala amayeza ayo. Okanye mhlawumbi sele usela amayeza. Umbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yakho ngoku ngulo, "Ngaba kulungile ukuba ndiqhubeke ndisela la mayeza? Ngaba kuya kubakho naziphi na iingozi ekuhambeni kwexesha?" Lo ngumbuzo ofanelekileyo kakhulu. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngokucacileyo nangokulula namhlanje.
Amayeza e-ADHD akuchaphazela njani xa ungumntu omdala?
Ukuba ungumntu omdala, eyona nto ixhalabisayo xa ucinga ngemiphumo yexesha elide yamayeza e-ADHD kukuba aza kusebenzisana njani nezinye iimeko zempilo osele unazo. Umzekelo, ukuba unesifo segazi esiphezulu okanye isifo sentliziyo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngale nto ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise amayeza e-ADHD.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga ngononophelo aze aphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo esifanela impilo yakho kwaye sikuncede ukulawula i-ADHD yakho. Kukho iingozi ezithile ezinokuvela ekusebenziseni amayeza e-ADHD ixesha elide kubantu abadala.
| Umngcipheko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo sentliziyo | Amanye amayeza anokunyusa kancinci isantya sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. |
| Igazi elonyukayo | Ukuba sele une-high blood pressure, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngale nto. |
| Ukuxhuzula | Amaxesha amaninzi, amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela ukuxhuzula. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga | Kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwintliziyo yakho. |
| Ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokulutha | Le ngozi inokubangelwa kukwandisa umthamo okanye ukuwuthatha ngezinye iinjongo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. |
| Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu | Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa njenge-patch anokubangela utshintsho kumbala wolusu. |
Amayeza e-ADHD amchaphazela njani umntwana wakho?
Njengomzali, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nombuzo onjalo malunga nomntwana wakho. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uphando lweminyaka emininzi lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwamayeza e-ADHD kukhuselekile ebantwaneni.
Iziphumo zexesha elifutshane
Ayingabo bonke abantwana abasabela ngendlela efanayo kumayeza. Amayeza okuvuselela angaqala ukusebenza kwiyure enye. Amayeza angavuseleliyo angathatha iiveki ezininzi ukusebenza. Ngelixa amayeza esebenza emzimbeni, umntwana wakho unokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Kubalulekile: I-American Academy of Pediatrics icebisa ukuba abantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwemithandathu ubudala baqalise amayeza e-ADHD.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zamayeza avuselelayo ebantwaneni zezi:
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Iingxaki zokulala
- Ukuzama ukuhlala kude noluntu kancinci
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga:
- Ubukrwada okanye ukucaphuka komntwana kuyanda njengoko iyeza liphela (isiphumo sokubuyela umva)
- Ukushukuma kwemisipha ngokunganyanzelekanga (ii-Tics)
- Ukulibaziseka okuncinci kophuhliso (kukho izimvo ezahlukeneyo ngale nto)
Khumbula, amayeza e-ADHD awanakubutshintsha ubuntu bomntwana wakho. Ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho ulele kakhulu okanye unomsindo kakhulu kunesiqhelo, umthamo womntwana wakho unokufuneka unyuswe. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Iziphumo zexesha elide
Abanye abantwana bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa amayeza e-ADHD de babe badala. Uphando olude lweminyaka lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwala mayeza ixesha elide akubangeli iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. Nangona ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba kunokuba nefuthe elithile kubude babantwana, ezinye zikwalele ukuba akukho nxu lumano. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ukukhula komntwana wakho.
Umntwana angayeka nini ukuthatha amayeza?
Ugqirha uza kujonga amayeza omntwana wakho ngamanye amaxesha ukuze abone ukuba idosi kufuneka itshintshwe na okanye ukuba amayeza anokuyekiswa ngoku. Ungacinga ngokuyeka amayeza omntwana wakho kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ubungenazo iimpawu ixesha elingaphezu konyaka ngelixa usebenzisa amayeza.
- Ukuba iimpawu bezilawulwa kakuhle ixesha elide ngedosi efanayo.
- Ukuba umntwana unako ukuhlala enomdla kwaye eziphethe kakuhle nangona ephoswe lidosi yamayeza.
- Nika ingqalelo kwezinye iindlela (umz. unyango lokuziphatha) ukuba umntwana uzifundile.
- Ukuba bekukho utshintsho olukhulu kwindawo, njengokutshintsha izikolo.
Zithini amayeza e-ADHD?
Ngamafutshane, amayeza e-ADHD ahlulahlulwe kubini iindidi eziphambili: izinto ezivuselelayo kunye nezinto ezingavuseleliyo.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Ukusebenza kunye nemizekelo |
|---|---|
| Izinto ezikhuthazayo | Ezi zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Zonyusa inqanaba le-dopamine, ikhemikhali esebuchotsheni enxulumene nengqalelo nolonwabo, kwaye zikunceda ugxile. Umlinganiselo omiselweyo ngugqirha wakho awukholisi. Umzekelo: iMethylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), iAmphetamines (Adderall). |
| Izinto ezingezizo ezivuselelayo | Ezi zisenokungasebenzi ngokukhawuleza njengezikhuthazi. Zinyusa amanqanaba ekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-norepinephrine engqondweni, nto leyo enceda ekwandiseni ukugxila kunye nokuzinza kwengqondo. Imizekelo: I-Atomoxetine (Strattera), iClonidine (Kapvay). |
Ngoku makhe sijonge iingozi eziphambili ngokweenkcukacha.
Isifo sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
Amayeza amaninzi e-ADHD (izivuseleli) anokunyusa kancinci uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo. Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukusebenzisa la mayeza kunokuba yingozi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngokucacileyo ngembali yakho yezonyango.
Ukuxhuzula okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga
I-Atomoxetine (Strattera) (engavuseleliyo) inxulunyaniswa nokuxhuzula kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwesantya sentliziyo, ngoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba abantu abanembali yezi meko bahlale kude nale mithi.
Ukulutha kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi
Abanye abantu basebenzisa kakubi amayeza e-ADHD. Umzekelo, bayawacola iipilisi baze bazikrwitshe ukuze bafumane "uxinzelelo." Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba awunayo imbali yokusebenzisa iziyobisi, amathuba okuba ukwenze oku mancinci. Kodwa ukuba unayo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngokunyaniseka. Unokukunceda ugqibe ukuba eli yeza likulungele na.
Iingxaki zengqondo
Amaxesha amaninzi, amayeza e-ADHD anokunxulunyaniswa neengxaki ezithile zempilo yengqondo. Kuye kwaxelwa ukuba kukho iimpawu zobundlobongela kunye ne-bipolar disorder. Kukwakho nomngcipheko omncinci wokufumana iimpawu ze-psychosis, njengokuva umntu ethetha, kunye ne-paranoia. Nangona ezi zinqabile, kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
Usebenza njani nale mingcipheko?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula konke oku kukusebenzisana nogqirha wakho. Kunye, ninokugqiba ukuba eli yeza likhuselekile na kuwe.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenzisa amayeza, ugqirha wakho usenokufuna ukwenza uvavanyo oluthile. Umzekelo, banokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo:
- Ukunganyamezelani namayeza
- Imeko yeGlaucoma
- Isifo sesibindi okanye sezintso
- Imbali yokugula ngengqondo
- I-Tics okanye i-Tourette's syndrome
- I-Hyperthyroidism
Ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amanye amayeza okanye izongezo, xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo. Amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana namayeza e-ADHD. Emva kokuqala amayeza, bona ugqirha wakho ukuze uhlolwe rhoqo ukuze ujonge naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Ekugqibeleni, amayeza e-ADHD ahlala ekhuselekile kakhulu. Umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu uphantsi kakhulu. Kubantu abaninzi, iingenelo zonyango zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi ezincinci.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uphando lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwamayeza e-ADHD ngokubanzi kukhuselekile.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngezinye izifo onazo wena okanye umntwana wakho (ingakumbi isifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) ngaphambi kokuba uqalise amayeza.
- Ukuba ubona naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga (umz., ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo, ukucaphuka kakhulu, ukungalali), yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ungaze utshintshe umthamo okanye uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Kwabaninzi, ukuphuculwa komgangatho wobomi okunikezelwa lunyango lwe-ADHD kungaphezulu kakhulu kweengozi ezincinci zamayeza.
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