Ngaba nawe uyafuna ukwazi nge-malignant neoplasm? Musa ukoyika, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngamanye amaxesha sinokufumana into esingayilindelanga emzimbeni wethu, njengeqhubu elincinci, okanye sinokufumana iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezingaqhelekanga. Ngamaxesha anjalo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kancinci. Ngamaxesha anjalo, usenokuva namagama athi "Malignant Neoplasm". Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto namhlanje ngendlela elula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-neoplasm enobungozi?

Ngamafutshane, i-malignant neoplasm lelinye igama leqhuma elenziwa yingqokelela yeeseli ezinomhlaza. Igama elithi "neoplasm" apha libhekisa ekukhuleni okungaqhelekanga kwezicubu. Igama elithi "Malignant" lithetha ukuba iqhuma linomhlaza, oko kuthetha ukuba linokusasaza (linokusasazeka) ukusuka apho laqala khona ukuya kwezinye iindawo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-neoplasm kunye nomhlaza?

Cinga ngayo, ithumba, njengoko benditshilo, kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwezicubu. Kunokubakho iintlobo ezimbini zalo.

• Ii-neoplasms ezingezizo ezomhlaza: Ezi azingomhlaza. Uninzi lwexesha, ziyakhula zodwa kwaye azisasazeki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• Ii-neoplasms ezinobungozi: Ezi zinomhlaza. Zihlala zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokungena zize zisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Ngoko ke, ngaba i-neoplasm enobungozi iyafana nomhlaza?

Ewe, kunjalo. I-malignant neoplasm luhlobo lomhlaza. Kodwa khumbula, ayizizo zonke ii-neoplasms ezingumhlaza. Ii-benign neoplasms azingomhlaza.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

Ii-neoplasms ezinobungozi, njengoninzi lomhlaza, zinokuchaphazela kakhulu abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba abantu abancinci abanakuzifumana. Abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka banokufumana esi sifo.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-neoplasms ezimbi?

Ezi thumba zinomhlaza zinokukhula naphi na emizimbeni yethu. Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu eziphambili ze-malignant neoplasms. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

Iintlobo zeCarcinoma

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza. Malunga ne-90% yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza zezolu hlobo. I-Carcinoma ivela kwizicubu zethu ze-epithelial . Ngamafutshane, ezi zivela kwizicubu ezigubungela umphezulu wolusu lwethu okanye amalungu ethu angaphakathi.

• Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-carcinoma zezi: ulusu, ibele, i-prostate, isinyi, umlomo wesibeleko, i-endometrium, imiphunga, i-colon kunye ne-rectum.

Iintlobo zeSarcoma

Olu hlobo lomhlaza luqala ebuntwaneni bethuIzicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Oko kukuthi, kwiindawo ezifana namathambo, i-cartilage, izihlunu, imisipha, kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha. I-Sarcomas zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abancinci kunezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Phakathi kwazo, i-sarcoma yezicubu ezithambileyo lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo.

Iintlobo zeMyeloma

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yiMultiple Myeloma . Olu hlobo lomhlaza lukhula kwiiseli zeplasma kwithambo lethu lomongo. Ezi seli zeplasma luhlobo lweseli olukwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. IMyeloma inezigaba ezibini eziphambili: isigaba sangaphambi komhlaza (ukutsha) kunye nesigaba somhlaza (esisebenzayo).

I-Leukemia (umhlaza wegazi)

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wegazi . I-leukemia ikwangumhlaza okhula kumongo wethambo. Esi sifo sibangela ukuveliswa kakhulu kweeseli zegazi ezingavuthwanga. Oku kunokubangela izinto ezifana ne -anemia , ukudinwa, kunye neengxaki zokujiya kwegazi.

Iintlobo zeLymphoma

Olu hlobo lomhlaza lukhula kwiindlala okanye kumaqhuqhuva enkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic . I-Lymphoma inokuvela naphi na emzimbeni. Kodwa idla ngokubonakala njengeqhuqhuva entanyeni, emakhwapheni, okanye emqolo.

Ngaba umhlaza ungasasazeka uye engqondweni?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha ii-neoplasms ezinobungozi zinokusasazeka ziye engqondweni. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza ezisasazeka engqondweni zii-breast, skin (ingakumbi i-melanoma ), imiphunga, amathumbu amakhulu kunye nomhlaza wezintso. Nangona kunjalo, ii-metastatic brain tumors azixhaphakanga.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Iimpawu zomntu onesifo esibi zihlala zahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo esikuyo ithumba.

• Umzekelo, umntu one-neoplasm embi yebele unokufumana iintlungu zebele okanye ukuphuma okungaqhelekanga kwingono.
• Umntu onomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu unokufumana iintlungu zesisu kunye notshintsho kwindle (njengorhudo).
• Umntu onomhlaza wolusu usenokuba nezilonda okanye amabala esikhumba.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo

Kukho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kubantu abanala maqhuqhuva anomhlaza:

• Ukudinwa rhoqo.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.
• I-anemia.
• Urhudo.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukubila ebusuku okumanzi.
• Amaqhuma okanye ukudumba okungaqhelekanga emzimbeni.

Zithini izizathu ze-neoplasm embi?

Siyazi ukuba ezi thumba zinomhlaza zibangelwa kukukhula nokwahlukana kweeseli ngokukhawuleza kunokuba kufanele. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali azikayazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka kwasekuqaleni.

Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwafunyaniswa izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo sibi:

• Ukutshaya.
• Imfuza.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu.
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo.
• Ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezinobungozi.
• Ukuvezwa kakhulu kwimitha yelanga.
• Ukuvezwa kakhulu kwimitha ye-UV evela elangeni.

Ezi seli zomhlaza zisasazeka njani emzimbeni wonke? (I-Metastasis)

Iiseli zomhlaza zinokuqhekeka apho zaqala khona ukwakheka, zihambe ngegazi okanye ngenkqubo ye-lymph, kwaye zenze iithumba ezintsha kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -metastasis , okanye ukusasazeka komhlaza.

Ungasixilonga njani esi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ugqirha wakho unokurhanela ukuba unomhlaza emva kovavanyo oluqhelekileyo, umzekelo , i-mammogram okanye i-colonoscopy .

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kufuneka i-biopsy ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iqhuma alinabungozi okanye linobungozi, oko kuthetha ukuba linomhlaza. I-biopsy ibandakanya ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu kwiqhuma uze ulihlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope.

Ukongeza, ugqirha angenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokuthatha imifanekiso, ezifana ne -MRI, i-CT scans, okanye i-PET scans .

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?

Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza, ubungakanani bethumba, kunye nokuba sele lisasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Utyando

Ukuba ithumba lincinci kwaye lisahlala kwindawo enye, lingasuswa ngotyando. Ugqirha ususa lonke ithumba, kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikeleze lona. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba, utyando alusoloko lusebenza.

Unyango ngamakhemikhali

Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza angathathwa njengeepilisi okanye anikwe nge-IV line , njenge -saline, emthanjeni osengalweni yakho.I-Chemotherapy ibulala iiseli zomhlaza kwaye izithintele ukuba zingaphindaphindeki. Olu nyango lusetyenziselwa zombini umhlaza oyintloko ongekasasazeki, kunye nomhlaza osasazekayo. I-Chemotherapy ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nezinye iindlela zonyango, ezifana notyando kunye nonyango lwemitha.

Unyango lweMisebe

Unyango lwemitha lusebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Kule nkqubo, imisebe yamandla aphezulu ijoliswe ngqo kwithumba. Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lwemitha lusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ithumba ngaphambi kotyando. Lukwasetyenziselwa ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokusala emva kotyando.

Unyango olujoliswe kumayeza

Unyango olujoliswe kumayeza lusebenza ngokuhlasela iiproteni ezilawula indlela iiseli zomhlaza ezikhula ngayo, zahlulahlula ngayo, kwaye zisasazeka ngayo. I-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ivumile olu nyango lujoliswe kwiintlobo zomhlaza ezingaphezu kwe-15. Ezi ziquka umhlaza wemiphunga, webele, wekholoni, kunye noweprostate. Olu nyango ludla ngokudityaniswa ne-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Ukuba ufumana unyango lomhlaza, unokufumana ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga . Ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango olufumanayo kunye nendlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kulo. Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo.
• Urhudo.
• Ukuqhinwa.
• Ukudinwa ngumhlaza.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukulahleka kweenwele.
• Iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
• Iingxaki zokuzala.
• Intlungu.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga azifani kuye wonke umntu. Abanye abantu banokuba nazo kakubi kakhulu, ngelixa abanye basenokungaziboni kwaphela. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva konyango?

Ixesha lokuchacha liyahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, kunokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka embalwa ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo kunyango lomhlaza.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuzikhusela ngokupheleleyo kule meko?

Akukho ndlela yokuzikhusela ngokupheleleyo kwiintsholongwane ezinobungozi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho :

• Kuphephe ukutshaya.
• Khusela ulusu lwakho xa uphuma phandle (sebenzisa i-sunscreen, njl.njl.).
• Nciphisa umlinganiselo wotywala obuselayo.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo, qhelisa umzimba rhoqo, kwaye ugcine indlela yokuphila esempilweni.
• Ungaphoswa kuvavanyo lomhlaza olucwangcisiweyo , olufana ne-colonoscopy kunye ne-mammograms.

Ndingenza ntoni xa ndifumanisa ukuba ndine-neoplasm enobungozi?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-malignant neoplasm, ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisana nawe ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza onawo, nokuba usasazekile na, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. Ungakhathazeki, oogqirha bakho baza kukunceda.

Ingaba esi sisifo esinokunyangeka?

Iintlobo ezininzi zee-neoplasms ezinobungozi zinokunyangwa okanye zilawulwe ngempumelelo ngonyango olufanelekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba xa i-tumor ifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona inokunyangeka ngempumelelo. Ke ngoko, ukuxilongwa kwangoko yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezikukhathazayo, ezinje ngentlungu, iqhubu elingaqhelekanga, okanye ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo ukuze afumanise unobangela weempawu zakho.

Ukuba sele unyangwa i-neoplasm enobungozi, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha okanye iimpawu ezintsha .

Yeyiphi imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha?

Ukuqonda kangangoko unako malunga nokuxilongwa kwakho kuya kukunceda wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nempilo yakho yexesha elide. Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-malignant neoplasm, nantsi eminye imibuzo ongathanda ukuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Luhlobo luni lwe-malignant neoplasm endinayo?
• Iphi iqhuma?
• Ingaba iqhuma lisasazekile?
• Isifo sam sikuliphi inqanaba?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuya emsebenzini okanye esikolweni ngelixa ndifumana unyango?
• Unyango lwam luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
• Lingakanani izinga lokusinda kwabantu abakwimeko endikuyo?
• Ngaba kukho ezinye iindawo apho ndinokufumana khona ulwazi oluthe kratya?

Ekugqibeleni, umyalezo wokubuyela ekhaya

Ukufumanisa ukuba une-malignant neoplasm, okanye i-cancer tumor, kunokuba ngamava othusayo nawothusayo. La mathumba anokukhula kwaye asasazeke ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko,Okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kungcono.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lweentlobo ze-malignant neoplasms zinokulawulwa ngempumelelo. Ukongeza ekusebenzeni nogqirha wakho we-oncologist , kukwangumbono olungileyo ukuthetha nonontlalontle okanye umcebisi onokukunceda ujongane necala leemvakalelo zokuxilongwa kwakho. Kwakhona, abantu abaninzi bafumana amaqela enkxaso exabiseke kakhulu. Ukuthetha nabanye abadlula kumava afana nawe kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwimpilo yakho yengqondo, yeemvakalelo, neyokomoya. Khumbula, awuwedwa.

I - neoplasm enobungozi, umhlaza, amaqhuma anomhlaza, iintlobo zomhlaza, iimpawu zomhlaza, unyango lomhlaza, ukuthintela umhlaza