Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba imithetho efana nemfuneko yesigcina-ntloko esinyanzelekileyo okanye ukuvinjelwa kokutshaya kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ichaphazela impilo yethu kangakanani? Sihlala sijonga imithetho njengemithetho nje, kodwa impembelelo enayo kwimpilo yethu iyamangalisa. Ngamanye amaxesha umthetho unokuba 'njengeyeza' kuluntu lonke. Lo ngunxibelelwano oluhle esiza kuthetha ngalo namhlanje.
Luhlobo luni 'lweyeza' olusemthethweni?
Khawucinge ukuba zingaphi iimvavanyo ezenziwa ngugqirha ngaphambi kokuba akunike iyeza, ukuba uphanda kangakanani ngezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zelo yeza, kunye nemiphumo emibi . Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba senze umthetho oza kuchaphazela ilizwe lonke, izigidi zabantu, ngaba senza uphando olufanayo ukuze sibone ukuba luza kuchaphazela njani impilo yabantu? Uninzi lwexesha, hayi.
Ngamafutshane, umthetho ufana 'nepilisi' enikwa izigidi zabantu ngaxeshanye. Kodwa rhoqo loo 'pilisi' ayivavanywanga ngokwaneleyo.
Intsimi ye - epidemiology yezomthetho ivele ukuze izalise loo msantsa. Luphando olunzulu lolwalamano phakathi kwemithetho nempilo yoluntu ngeendlela zesayensi. Oko kukuthi, luphando lokuba ingaba umthetho othile uye wayiphucula okanye wayenza mandundu impilo yabantu, wanciphisa iingozi, okanye wandisa izifo .
Makhe sijonge eminye imizekelo yemithetho echaphazele impilo.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuyiqonda le nto kukujonga imizekelo. Eminye imithetho kulula ukuyibona, kodwa eminye sisenokuba asikayicingi nokuyicinga.
| Umthetho / Umgaqo-nkqubo | Impembelelo kwimpilo |
|---|---|
| Imithetho yebhanti yesitulo kunye nesigcina-ntloko | Le yinto esiyaziyo sonke. Le mithetho inciphise ukufa kunye nokwenzakala okukhulu ngenxa yeengozi zendlela ngamakhulu amawaka. Lo ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wokukhuselwa kwempilo ngomthetho. |
| Ukuthintela ukutshaya kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke | Lo mthetho wawunciphisa kakhulu umonakalo obangelwa ngabantu abangatshayiyo ngenxa yomsi otshayiweyo. Wanciphisa nomngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza. |
| Iinkqubo zokugonya ezinyanzelekileyo | Kwakungenxa yeenkqubo zokugonya ezenziwe ngolu hlobo lwesakhelo somthetho ukuba kwenzeke ukuphelisa izifo ezimbi ezifana ne-smallpox kunye ne-polio ehlabathini. |
| Ukwandisa imithetho yomvuzo ophantsi | Oku kuyamangalisa kancinci. Uphando lufumanise ukuba xa ilizwe linyusa umvuzo walo omncinci, amazinga okufa kweentsana ayancipha kwaye impilo yabantwana abazelweyo (ubunzima bokuzalwa) iyaphucuka. Oku kungenxa yokuba abazali banokufikelela kwisondlo esingcono kunye nonyango olungcono. |
| Imithetho malunga nezindlu kunye nobunini bomhlaba | Ukuba nekhaya okanye umhlaba osisigxina kuyichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo impilo yengqondo yomntu kunye nempilo yomzimba. Kufunyenwe ukuba izinto ezifana nokuba nepropathi kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana nazo zingunobangela wokwandisa ubomi babantu. Uphando lukwabonise ukuba amaqela athile abantu anokuba nezifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye ne-asthma ngenxa yemithetho yezindlu ecalucalulayo kwamanye amazwe. |
Ayizizo zonke imithetho eziphumelelayo, akunjalo?
Ewe, ngenene. Eminye imithetho ineenjongo ezintle, kodwa ayinazo iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo. Umzekelo, amanye amazwe aqalise imithetho yamaSamariya Alungileyo evumela abantu ukuba bancede umntu osele egqithisile . Ingcinga yayikukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bancede ngaphandle koloyiko. Kodwa uphando lubonise ukuba le mithetho ayiphumelelanga kangako. Kuba abantu basenoloyiko ngenxa yeminye imithetho engqongqo yeziyobisi.
Umzekelo omhle wamva nje woku yiCovid -19 .Ubhubhane. Ngequbuliso, ihlabathi liphela langena kwi-lockdown, kwakukho imithetho yokunxiba iimaski, kwakukho imiqathango yokuhamba. Kodwa akukho nanye kwezi mithetho eyayifundwe kwangaphambili malunga nemiphumo yempilo. Ngoko ke ilizwe ngalinye labeka imithetho eyahlukileyo, kwaye kwakukho ukudideka okukhulu. Ukuba besinokuqonda ngokwesayensi kwezi zinto kwangaphambili, ngesasinokukwazi ukujongana nobhubhane ngempumelelo engakumbi.
Ngoko ke sithini isisombululo sale nto?
Isisombululo ngumthetho osekelwe kubungqina. Oko kukuthi, ukufunda rhoqo impembelelo yomthetho kwimpilo yoluntu ngaphambi nasemva kokuba wenziwe.
Indlela entle abaphandi abayenza ngayo le nto kukusebenzisa “iimvavanyo zendalo.” Khawuthelekelele umthetho omtsha ungeniswa kwelinye iphondo, kodwa ungangeni kwelinye. Ngoku abaphandi banokuthelekisa idatha yezempilo evela kumaphondo omabini ukuze babone ukuba lo mthetho mtsha wenze umahluko na. Kufana nokujonga umahluko phakathi komntu onikwe iyeza nomntu ongazange anikwe.
Iingcali kweli candelo zithi abenzi bomthetho bahlala "besivavanya" ngayo yonke imithetho abayiphumezayo. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yelizwe ukuphanda ngokwesayensi iziphumo zolo "vavanyo."
"Umthetho yeyona nto iphambili ebangela impilo yethu. Ukwachaphazela neemeko ezikhokelela kukungalingani kwempilo kunye neziphumo ezibi zempilo." - I-CDC (IiZiko zoLawulo lweZifo zase-US)
Kwixesha elizayo, xa kuqaliswa nawuphi na umgaqo-nkqubo okanye umthetho omtsha, umbuzo othi "Oku kuya kwenza ntoni kwimpilo yabantu?" ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ube yinxalenye yengxoxo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umthetho awungomthetho nje kuphela, sisixhobo esinamandla esichaphazela ngqo impilo yethu yomzimba neyengqondo.
- Kanye njengokuba kubalulekile ukwenza uphando ngaphambi kokuba unike amayeza afanelekileyo, kubalulekile nokwenza uphando olusekelwe kubungqina ngemiphumo yalo kwimpilo ngaphambi kokuba ungenise imithetho echaphazela uluntu.
- Nangona imithetho yentloko kunye nokuvalwa kokutshaya iphumelela, eminye imithetho isenokungavelisi ziphumo zinqwenelekayo. Ke ngoko, ukubeka esweni rhoqo kunye nokufunda kubalulekile.
- Njengoluntu, sonke sinelungelo noxanduva lokufuna ukuba abasemagunyeni bamisele imithetho esekelwe kubungqina eluncedo kwimpilo yethu.
Umthetho, Impilo, I-Epidemiology Yezomthetho, Impilo Yoluntu, Umthetho Nempilo, Umgaqo-nkqubo Wezempilo
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