Ngaba uhlala ufumana umkhuhlane? Ngaba uziva into engaqhelekanga okanye evalekileyo ngasemva komqala wakho, ngaphakathi kwempumlo yakho? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu esihlala sithetha ngayo, phakathi kwempumlo nomqala, kodwa esingazi kangako ngegama layo. Le yindawo encinci edibana nezinto ezininzi emzimbeni wethu. Kwizonyango, sibiza oku ngokuthi yi-nasopharynx . Nangona igama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, umsebenzi walo ulula kakhulu kwaye ubalulekile. Makhe sibone iinkcukacha malunga noku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-nasopharynx?
Cinga ngomqala wakho (pharynx) njengendlela enkulu. Indawo edibana kuyo phezulu kwendlela enkulu yi-nasopharynx. Ngokuchanekileyo, isemva kwempumlo yakho, ngaphezulu nje kophahla lomlomo wakho . Yinxalenye encinci efana nebhokisi eyenziwe ngezihlunu.
Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukuqondisa umoya owuphefumlayo ngempumlo yakho uye kwi-windpipe yakho (trachea) uze uye emiphungeni yakho. Ngamanye amazwi, i-nasopharynx yeyona bridge iphambili phakathi kwempumlo yakho kunye nayo yonke inkqubo yakho yokuphefumla. Ekubeni ikufutshane nempumlo yakho, yeyokuqala ukudibana neentsholongwane kunye nothuli emoyeni esiwuphefumlayo. Yiyo loo nto le ndawo ichaphazeleka lula zizifo zokuphefumla eziphezulu ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
Zeziphi iinkonzo ezinikezelwa yi-nasopharynx emizimbeni yethu?
Ukongeza ekuthwaleni umoya emiphungeni, le nxalenye incinci yenza eminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo.
- Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwendlebe: Kunceda ukulinganisa uxinzelelo phakathi kwendlebe yakho ephakathi kunye ne-nasopharynx. Xa unyuka intaba okanye ubhabha ngenqwelomoya kwaye iindlebe zakho zivakalelwa ngathi ziza kuqhuma, sikhupha umoya size siginye ukuze silinganise uxinzelelo. Le nkqubo incediswa ziityhubhu ze-Eustachian, eziqhagamshelwe kwi-nasopharynx.
- Ukuhluzwa kweentsholongwane: Le nxalenye inceda ekuhluzeni uthuli, ukungcola, kunye neentsholongwane emoyeni esiwuphefumlayo kwaye ithintele ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni.
- Ukwakheka kwelizwi: Okumangalisayo kukuba, i-nasopharynx ikwanegalelo ekubumbeni umgangatho welizwi lakho, oko kukuthi, indlela elivakala ngayo.
Izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-nasopharynx
Kukho ezinye izakhiwo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kule ndawo.
1. Iityhubhu ze-Eustachian: Ezi ziityhubhu ezimbini ezincinci ezidibanisa indlebe yakho ephakathi ne-nasopharynx yakho. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukulinganisa uxinzelelo endlebeni kunye nokukhupha ulwelo olungafunekiyo oluqokelelana ngaphakathi endlebeni. Esinye sezizathu zokuba abantwana abancinci badla ngokufumana usulelo lwendlebe kukuba ezi tyhubhu zimfutshane kwaye zithe tye.
2. Ii-Adenoids:Ezi ngokwenene ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Xa sisebancinci, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lobuntwana, la madlala asinceda ekukhuseleni kwiintsholongwane ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya ezingena emzimbeni. Kodwa njengoko sikhula, oko kukuthi, xa sifika ebusheni, kwaye inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba iphuhlisiwe kakuhle, imfuneko yawo iyancipha. Ke ngoko, ahlala encipha aze anyamalale.
Iimeko zonyango eziqhelekileyo nezinzima ezichaphazela i-nasopharynx
Ngoku makhe sijonge iimeko zempilo ezinokuchaphazela le ndawo. Ezinye zezi zixhaphake kakhulu, kodwa ezinye kufuneka sizilumkele ngakumbi.
| Imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Nasopharyngitis | Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'Common Cold' kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Kubangelwa yintsholongwane efana neRhinovirus ebangela ukuba ii-membranes ezingaphakathi kwempumlo nomqala zidumbe. |
| I-adenoids ekhulisiweyo | Le yimeko echaphazela abantwana abancinci kakhulu. Usulelo oluqhelekileyo, i-allergies, okanye ezinye izinto zinokubangela ukuba i-adenoids idumbe. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla ngempumlo, kubangele umntwana aphefumle ngomlomo, arhone, kwaye kuphazamise ubuthongo. |
| I-nasopharyngeal cyst | I-cyst (iqhuma) elizaliswe ngamanzi okanye olunye ulwelo oluvela kule ndawo. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi azibangeli zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ziba nkulu kwaye zibangele iingxaki ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, kunokufuneka zisuswe ngotyando. |
| Ithumba elingenobungozi | Ezi azinazo izifo zomhlaza. Oko kuthetha ukuba azisasazeki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, zinokukhula ngobukhulu kwaye zibeke uxinzelelo kwiindawo ezingqongileyo, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezinzulu. Umzekelo luhlobo lwethumba elibizwa ngokuba yi-juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, elivela kubafana abancinci. |
| Umhlaza wempumlo | Le yimeko enzima ekufuneka siyiqwalasele. Umhlaza okhula apha. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo yi- nasopharyngeal carcinoma . Uphawu oluphambili nolokuqala lwale nto lusenokuba liqhuma elingenabuhlungu ngasemva kwentamo, phezulu . |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungakhathazeki ngokuba unesifo esinzulu kuba nje unesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, ungazityesheli ezi mpawu. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha uze ufumane ingcebiso.
Zithini iimpawu zezi meko?
Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko. Masizihlukanise zibe ziindidi ezimbini.
| Iimpawu ze-nasopharyngeal | |
|---|---|
| 1. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo (njengomkhuhlane) | |
| Ukukhwehlela | Amehlo anamanzi okanye arhawuzelelayo |
| Umsebenzi onzima kancinci | Ukuvuza kolwelo |
| Ukuthimla | Umqala obuhkungu |
| Usulelo lwendlebe oluqhelekileyo | Ukuxinana kwempumlo |
| Ukuthontsiza emva kwempumlo | |
| 2. Izinto ezinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzulu ezifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo | |
| Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo, umphimbo obuhlungu, okanye ukopha impumlo | Utshintsho lombono (njengokubona kabini) |
| Intlungu yobuso okanye ukungaziva | Intlungu yendlebe okanye ukukhala ezindlebeni |
| Iqhubu empumlweni, emqaleni, okanye entanyeni | Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuthetha, okanye ukuva |
Ungayigcina njani i-nasopharynx iphilile?
Akukho nto ingako onokuyenza ukukhusela le ndawo. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphepha izifo zokuphefumla ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Le mikhwa ilula iya kunceda kuloo nto.
- Gcina izandla zakho zicocekile: Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha namanzi, ingakumbi emva kokukhohlela, ukuthimla, ukuvuthela impumlo yakho, nangaphambi kokulungisa ukutya.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwesibulali-ntsholongwane sezandla: Sebenzisa isibulali-ntsholongwane sezandla esisekelwe kutywala xa isepha namanzi kungekho.
- Kuphephe ukuchukumisa ubuso bakho ngokungeyomfuneko: Ukuchukumisa amehlo, impumlo, nomlomo ngezandla ezingcolileyo kwandisa amathuba okungena kweentsholongwane emzimbeni.
- Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla: Gquma umlomo nempumlo yakho ngetshefu okanye ithishu. Ukuba akukho nanye kwezi zinto, thimla ngaphakathi kwengqiniba yakho.
- Hlala kude nabanye abantu ukuba uyagula: Ukuba uyagula, ukuhlala ekhaya nokuzigcina kude nabanye abantu kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kwabanye abantu.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo uhlala uphela ngokwawo kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-10. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngaphandle kokuhlala ekhaya.
- Iimpawu zomkhuhlane zihlala iintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-10Ukuba unexesha elingakumbi.
- Ukuba kukho umkhuhlane (ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci).
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba kunye nokudinwa kakhulu (ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esifana ne-influenza).
- Ukuba usoloko uneentloko ezibuhlungu, umphimbo obuhlungu, okanye ukopha impumlo.
- Ukuba kuvela iqhuma elitsha empumlweni, emqaleni, okanye entanyeni .
- Ukuba uva iintlungu zendlebe okanye ukukhala.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, yokuthetha, okanye yokuva.
- Ukuba ucinga ukuba ezi mpawu "aziqhelekanga" okanye "zinzima kakhulu".
Nangona singenakuyibona i-nasopharynx, singayiva xa kukho into engalunganga apho. Ke ngoko, ukuba ibonakala ngathi ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, iyaqhubeka okanye ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, kububulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-nasopharynx yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yendlela yokuphefumla esemva kwempumlo yakho naphezulu emqaleni wakho.
- Eyona meko ixhaphakileyo echaphazela le ndawo yingqele eqhelekileyo (iNasopharyngitis).
- I-adenoids evuvukileyo kubantwana abancinci inokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla ngeempumlo kunye nokurhona xa belele.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana neqhuma elingenabuhlungu entanyeni yakho, iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo, utshintsho lombono, okanye iintlungu zendlebe. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzulu, ngoko bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukugcina imikhwa emihle yococeko (ingakumbi ukuhlamba izandla) ukuze uphephe izifo zokuphefumla yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina i-nasopharynx isempilweni.
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