Masithethe nge-Apgar Score, uvavanyo oludlula kulo umntwana wakho emva kokuzalwa!

Uvuya kangakanani ukuba umntwana wakho omncinci eze kweli hlabathi? Emva kokuba umntwana wakho ezelwe, kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezenziwa ngoogqirha nabahlengikazi ngoko nangoko. Enye yezona zibalulekileyo kwezi yi - Apgar Score . Usenokuba ukhe weva eli gama ngaphambili. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngalo ngendlela elula neqondakalayo namhlanje. Akukho nto ifanele ixhalabise ngayo, le ayisiyonto yokoyika umntwana, luvavanyo nje oluncinci lokufumana umbono wokuqala wempilo-ntle yomntwana.

Ithini i-Apgar Score?

Ngamafutshane, i-Apgar Score ngamanqaku anikwa umntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa emva nje kokuzalwa. Ifana "nekhadi lengxelo" lokuqala lomntwana wakho. Kodwa ayixeli ubukrelekrele bomntwana wakho okanye uphuhliso lwakhe lwexesha elizayo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukumisela ukuba imisebenzi yomzimba esisiseko yomntwana wakho isebenza kakuhle na emva kokuzalwa kwaye ingaba uyayifuna na ingqalelo kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngoogqirha kunye neengcali. Banika la manqaku umzuzu omnye emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, baze baphinde banike emva kwemizuzu emihlanu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba baziva ngathi kufuneka balumke ngakumbi ngemeko yomntwana, banokuphinda olu vavanyo emva kwemizuzu eli-10, eli-15, okanye engama-20.

Uyenza nini le nto? Kutheni kunjalo nje?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, olu vavanyo lwe-Apgar lwenziwa kabini:

1. Ngaphakathi komzuzu wokuqala wokuzalwa: Kulapho sijonga khona indlela umntwana aziqhelanisa ngayo nale meko intsha kwangoko nje ukuba uphume esibelekweni, kunye nokuba iinkqubo zomzimba wakhe ziqala ukusebenza na. Oku kuya kusinceda siqonde ukuba loluphi uhlobo loncedo umntwana aludingayo ngoko nangoko.

2. Imizuzu emi-5 emva kokuzalwa: Ngeli xesha, imeko yomntwana iyajongwa kwakhona. Uninzi lweentsana lungcono ngoku kunakwimizuzu yokuqala. Olu vavanyo lwesibini luhlola indlela umntwana aziqhelanise ngayo nendawo ahlala kuyo kunye nokuba kukho naluphi na ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo olufunekayo.

Cinga ngale nto, xa sifudukela kwindawo entsha ngequbuliso, kusithatha ixesha ukuqhela. Iintsana ziyafana. Xa ziphuma ekufudumaleni nasekukhuselekeni kwesibeleko sikanina, zithatha ixesha ukuqhela eli hlabathi. Yiyo loo nto sijonga kwimizuzu eyi-1 neye-5.

Uvavanyo lwe-Apgar lulinganisa ntoni ngokwenene?

Kulula kakhulu ukukhumbula oku. Oonobumba abahlanu i-APGAR yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokukhumbula la manqaku mahlanu. Oonobumba ngamnye umele igama lesiNgesi. Masiqonde ngalinye ngesiSinhala :

1. A – Inkangeleko – Umbala wolusu lomntwana:

• Oku kukujonga umbala wolusu lomntwana. Ngaba umzimba wonke upinki omnandi, okanye umzimba wonke upinki, amalungu omzimba kuphela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okanye umzimba wonke uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye umhlophe?
• Kutheni oku kubalulekile? Umbala wolusu ungasixelela ukuba igazi lomntwana lihamba kakuhle na kwaye igazi lifumana ioksijini eyaneleyo na. Umntwana ofumana ioksijini eyaneleyo uhlala epinki.

2. P – Ukubetha kwentliziyo – Isantya sentliziyo yomntwana:

• Oku kulinganisa ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kujonga oku ngokubeka isandla sakhe esifubeni somntwana okanye ngokusebenzisa i- stethoscope .
• Kutheni oku kubalulekile? Isantya sentliziyo luphawu olusisiseko lobomi. Sikuxelela ukuba intliziyo yomntwana wakho inamandla kwaye isempilweni kangakanani. Ukuba ibetha ngaphezulu kwe-100 ngomzuzu, oko kulungile. (Isantya sentliziyo yomntwana sikhawuleza kunesethu.)

3. G – Impendulo yeGrimace – Iimpendulo kwizikhuthazo zangaphandle (Reflexes):

• Oku kuquka ukujonga indlela umntwana asabela ngayo xa ekhuthazwa kancinci. Umzekelo, ngamanye amaxesha ungambamba isandla okanye intlama yomntwana kancinci, okanye wenze into encinci kufutshane nempumlo yakhe (umz., uyisule).
• Kutheni oku kubalulekile? Ukuba umntwana wakho ukhala kakuhle, uthimla, ukhohlela, okanye uzama ukubaleka ngemilenze yakhe, oko kuthetha ukuba i-reflexes yakhe isebenza kakuhle. Oku kunokukunika umbono wokuba inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana wakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani.

4. A – Umsebenzi – Ithoni yezihlunu:

• Oku kujonga indlela amalungu omzimba omntwana ahamba ngayo, nokuba kukho ithoni yemisipha, okanye nokuba umzimba wakhe uyaxhuzula na.
• Kutheni oku kubalulekile? Usana olushukumisa iingalo nemilenze kakuhle, iingalo nemilenze yalo igobile kancinci, lubonisa ukuba izihlunu zalo zisebenza kakuhle. Ukuba lubonakala lubuthathaka, okanye ukuba lubonakala luwa iingalo zalo xa uziphakamisa, kufuneka uluthathele ingqalelo olo phawu.

5. R – Ukuphefumla – Izinga lokuphefumla kunye nomzamo:

• Oku kwenzelwa ukujonga indlela umntwana aphefumla ngayo. Umntwana okhala kakuhle kwaye enamandla uhlala ephefumla kakuhle. Isantya sokuphefumla, isigqi sokuphefumla, kunye nomzamo wokuphefumla nazo ziyajongwa. Nokuba umntwana uphefumla kancinci, ngokungacwangciswanga, okanye akaphefumli kwaphela nako kubalulekile apha.
• Kutheni oku kubalulekile? Ioksijini ibalulekile ebomini. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntwana aphefumle kakuhle yedwa.

Amanqaku anikwa njani?

Ngoku siyazi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezintlanu. Nganye kwezi zinto inokunikwa amanqaku angama-0, 1, okanye 2.

• Amanqaku ayi-0: Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho senzo sifanelekileyo konke konke.
• Inqaku 1: Oko kuthetha ukuba ikho ngandlela thile, kodwa ayilunganga ngokupheleleyo.
• Inqaku lesi-2: Oku kuthetha ukuba isenzo esifanelekileyo silungile kakhulu kwaye sisempilweni.

Ngoko ke, i -Apgar Score iyonke ifunyanwa ngokudibanisa amanqaku azo zonke izinto ezintlanu. Amanqaku aphezulu li-10 (amanqaku ama-2 kwinto nganye, amanqaku ali-10 kwizinto ezi-5).

Kodwa khumbula oku: Bambalwa kakhulu abantwana abafumana amanqaku apheleleyo ali-10 kwali-10! Uninzi lwabantwana lufumana amanqaku angama-7, 8, okanye 9. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba nabantwana abasempilweni kakhulu banokuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancinci kwiminwe yabo nakwiinzwane emva kokuzalwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Acrocyanosis)`. Oku kungenxa yokuba kuthatha ixesha ukuba ukujikeleza kwegazi kufikelele eziphelweni zamalungu de umzimba womntwana ufudumale kancinci. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye akukho nto ibalulekileyo. Kuya kuphela emva kwexesha elithile.

Ngokwesiqhelo:

• Amanqaku ayi-7 ukuya kwi-10: Kuthetha ukuba umntwana usempilweni entle kwaye akadingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo.
• Amanqaku 4 ukuya ku-6: Umntwana usenokufuna uncedo oluncinci. Umzekelo, usenokufuna ukufunxa impumlo nomlomo womntwana, unike ulusu lwakhe ukhuthazo, okanye umnike ioksijini okwethutyana.
• Ukuba amanqaku angaphantsi kwe-4: Umntwana udinga unyango olukhawulezileyo. Oku kuthetha izinto ezifana nokunceda umntwana aphefumle kwaye ukubetha kwentliziyo yakhe kubuyele esiqhelweni.

Ngaba sifanele sikhathazeke ukuba amanqaku e-Apgar ehla?

Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu abazali abaninzi abanawo. Xa i-Apgar Score yehla, abanye abantu bayazibuza, "Ingaba kukho into engalunganga kakhulu ngomntwana wam?"

Hayi, ungakhathazeki ngayo.

• Nangona amanqaku enokuba phantsi kancinci kumzuzu wokuqala, amanqaku amaninzi eentsana ayanda kuvavanyo lwemizuzu emi-5. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana uqhelana nehlabathi kancinci kancinci.
• Inqaku le-Apgar libonisa nje imeko yomntwana ngelo xesha. Alithethi nto ngempilo yomntwana kwixesha elizayo, ubukrelekrele bakhe, indlela aziphethe ngayo, okanye ukuba uza kuba krelekrele kangakanani. Khumbula oku.
• Le nkqubo yokufumana amanqaku yenzelwe ukunceda oogqirha kunye nabongikazi ukuba benze izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo. Isetyenziswa ukuqonda ukuba, "Luhlobo luni loncedo olufunwayo lo mntwana ngoku?"
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umntwana wazalwa enobunzima bokuzala okanye wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, amanqaku e-Apgar anokuba phantsi kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, iqela lezonyango liyazi indlela yokumnceda umntwana kwimeko enjalo.

Cinga nje, abanye abantwana bakhawuleza ukuqhelana neli hlabathi xa bezalwa. Ukuba ubanika uncedo oluncinci, njengokubanika ioksijini okwethutyana, baya kuphila ngokukhawuleza.

Izinto ekufuneka uzazi (Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zikhunjulwe:

• I-Apgar Score luvavanyo olukhawulezileyo olwenziwa emva nje kokuzalwa ukuze kufunyanwe umbono omfutshane ngemeko yempilo yomntwana ngoku.
• Oku ikakhulu kujonga izinto ezintlanu: umbala wolusu lomntwana, isantya sentliziyo yakhe, indlela asabela ngayo kwizinto ezimkhuthazayo, umsebenzi wemisipha, kunye nokuphefumla.
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukufumana amanqaku agqibeleleyo ali-10 kwali-10. Kuqhelekile ukufumana amanqaku ayi-7, 8, okanye 9.
• Amanqaku aphantsi e-Apgar awathethi nto ngekamva lomntwana. Yinto nje yokujonga ukuba umntwana udinga uncedo ngelo xesha.
• Oogqirha nabahlengikazi bahlala bekulungele ukunceda wena nomntwana wakho. Ngoko ke, ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, ungaze woyike ukubabuza.

Sonke sinethemba lokuba umntwana wakho uza kuzalwa ephilile kwaye onwabile kweli hlabathi! Ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono i-Apgar Score.