Ngaba nawe uyathimla rhoqo? Ngaba unempumlo egobhozayo, impumlo evalekileyo, namehlo abomvu narhawuzelayo? Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ngamanye amaxesha anje banokuba nomkhuhlane omnye. Kodwa ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka kwaye azipheli emva kweveki okanye ezimbini, okanye ukuba ziyavela kwaye ziphinde zibuye ngamaxesha athile onyaka, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayingomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha nge- hay fever, imeko eqhelekileyo kodwa engaqondwa kakuhle phakathi kwabantu abaninzi.
Yintoni iHay Fever?
Okokuqala, nangona inegama elithi " umkhuhlane " egameni layo, i-hay fever ayilomkhuhlane. Enyanisweni yi- allergy . Ngokwezonyango, siyibiza ngokuba yi-'allergy rhinitis'.
Ngamafutshane, okwenzekayo apha kukuba inkqubo yomzimba yethu yokuzikhusela isabela ngokugqithisileyo kwizinto ezikwindawo esikuyo ezihlala zingenabungozi emzimbeni (umzekelo, ipollen , uthuli).
Oku kunokuza ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:
1. I-Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: Olu hlobo lwenzeka kuphela ngamaxesha athile onyaka. Umzekelo, le meko inokwenzeka ngexesha leentyantyambo zemithi ethile okanye xa amanqanaba e-pollen yengca ephezulu.
2. I-Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: Olu hlobo lunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka. Lubangelwa kakhulu zizinto ezingaphakathi endlwini. Umzekelo, uthuli lwendlu, iincukuthu ezincinci ezikwimiqamelo nakwiimatrasi, amasuntswana amancinci kunye neenwele eziwela eluswini lwezilwanyana zasekhaya (izinja, iikati), kunye nomngundo okhula kwiindawo ezimanzi ezifana nezindlu zangasese kunye nezindlu ezingaphantsi komhlaba.
Kutheni sifumana umkhuhlane wengca? Zithini iimpawu?
Ukuba une-hay fever, nantsi into eyenzekayo: Xa into engenabungozi efana ne-pollen okanye uthuli oluphefumlayo lungena emzimbeni wakho, inkqubo yakho yomzimba icinga ukuba, "Owu, kungene utshaba oluyingozi."
Emva koko, ukuze kuliwe nolo “tshaba,” umzimba ukhupha iikhemikhali ezininzi ezifana ne-`( Histamine )` kunye ne-`(Leukotrienes)` egazini. Ezi khemikhali zibangela ukuba ulwelo lwempumlo, amehlo, nomqala ludumbe,Iimpawu ze-allergy ziyavela.
Ngamafutshane, ezi mpawu ziyindlela yomzimba yokuzama ukugxotha loo "tshaba" okanye ukuyithintela ukuba ingangeni.
Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonwayo:
- Ukuthimla okuqhubekayo.
- Impumlo exineneyo okanye ukukhupha amanzi empumlweni.
- Ukukhwehlela.
- Ukurhawuzelela, ukuba bomvu, kunye nokukrazuka kwamehlo.
- Ukuziva ukurhawuzelela emlonyeni, emqaleni, okanye ezindlebeni.
- Ukuvuza emva kwempumlo kukuva ngathi kukho umhluzi ophuma ngasemva emqaleni.
- Izangqa ezimnyama phantsi kwamehlo (ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'allergy shiners').
Ngenxa yokuxinana kwempumlo, imithambo ekwii-sinuses ezijikeleze impumlo inokudumba, okubangela ukutshintsha kombala phantsi kwamehlo. Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kudumba empumlweni kunokuvalela ii-sinuses kwaye kubangele i-sinusitis. Kwakhona, ii-polyps zempumlo zinokwenzeka, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuphuma kwegazi empumlweni kunokwenzeka.
Umkhuhlane wengca udla ngokuba yimfuza . Ukuba abazali bakho okanye abantakwenu banezinye ii-allergies, usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba nale ngxaki. Abantu abane-asthma okanye i-eczema nabo basengozini enkulu yokuba nomkhuhlane wengca.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?
Abantu abaninzi bazama ukuphila nezi mpawu. Kodwa akufuneki kube njalo. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ezi mpawu zinokulawulwa kakuhle . Ke ngoko, ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ezi mpawu ze-allergy ziphazamisana nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla nomsebenzi wakho .
- Ukuba awufumani ncedo kumayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, okanye ukuba loo mayeza abangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokozela.
- Ukuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo, ezinje nge-asthma, usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-sinus, okanye ii-polyps zeempumlo.
- Ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka kwaye aziphucuki.
Ukubona ugqirha nokuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula i-allergies yakho.
Iindlela zonyango kunye namayeza
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezifumanekayo ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha unyango olulungele wena.
Ukuphepha izinto ezibangela i-allergies
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ungafumana isiqabu esikhulu ngokuchonga izinto ezikubangela ukuba ungabi naso isifo kwaye uhlale kude nezo zinto kangangoko unako.
Iintlobo zamachiza
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili zamayeza asetyenziswa ukulawula umkhuhlane wengca.
| Uhlobo lweziyobisi | Ukusebenza kunye namanqaku |
|---|---|
| Izitshizi ze-corticosteroid impumlo | Isebenza kakhulu kwiimpawu ezifana nokuxinana kwempumlo, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye nempumlo egobhozayo. Ingasetyenziswa ixesha elide. (Umzekelo: iFluticasone, iMometasone) |
| Ii-Antihistamines | Ziza ngohlobo lweepilisi, izitshizi zeempumlo, kunye namaconsi amehlo. Zinciphisa ngokukhawuleza iimpawu ezifana nokuthimla, amehlo arhawuzelelayo, kunye namehlo anamanzi. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezintsha ezingabangela ukozela (umz., iCetirizine, iLoratadine). |
| Izithomalalisi zokuxinana | Zinciphisa ukudumba empumlweni kwaye zikhawuleze zinciphise ukuxinana kwempumlo. Nangona kunjalo, akukhuthazwa ukuba uzisebenzise rhoqo kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwe-5 . Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba ukuxinana kwempumlo kuphinde kube mandundu. |
| Uhlengahlengiso lweLeukotriene | Ithintela ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-leukotriene eyonyusa ukuveliswa kwe-mucus emzimbeni. Le (umz. iMontelukast) iluncedo kakhulu kubantu abane-allergies kunye ne-asthma. |
Unyango lwe-immunotherapy
Olu lonyango olwahlukileyo kancinci. Lubandakanya ukujova i-allergen encinci kakhulu onayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo evumela umzimba wakho ukuba uyiqhele. Oku akusebenzi kuzo zonke ii-allergy, kodwa kusebenza kakhulu kwizinto ezifana ne-pollen kunye ne-dust mites. Olu nyango lufuna ukutyelela ugqirha qho ngeveki kwaye lungathatha iminyaka eliqela. Olu nyango lukwafumaneka njengepilisi efakwa phantsi kolwimi (Sublingual Immunotherapy).
Izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzikhusele kwi-allergies
Ukongeza ekufumaneni unyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlale kude nezinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angabi namdla kwizinto ezithile.
Ukuba une-allergies kwizinto zangaphandle ezifana ne-pollen:
- Hlala endlini kangangoko unako xa inani le-pollen liphezulu nangeentsuku ezinomoya.
- Gcina iifestile zivaliwe. Sebenzisa i-'Air Conditioner (AC)` ukuba kunokwenzeka.
- Nxiba iiglasi okanye iiglasi zelanga xa uphuma.
- Nxiba imaski ukuba usebenza ngaphandle.
Ukuba une-allergy kwizinto ezifana nothuli lwendlu kunye nomngundo:
- Sebenzisa izigqubuthelo ezingangeni uthuli kwiipillows nakwiimatrasi.
- Hlamba amalaphu okulala kunye neepillowcases ngamanzi ashushu rhoqo.
- Gcina umswakama endlwini yakho uphantsi.
- Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuphatha izilwanyana zasekhaya. Musa ukuvumela izilwanyana zasekhaya zingene kwigumbi lakho lokulala .
- Ukuba kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa ithayile, umthi, okanye umgangatho we-linoleum endaweni yekhaphethi.
- Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-vacuum cleaner ene-'HEPA filter'.
Enye into kukuhlamba impumlo yakho ngamanzi anetyuwa . Oku kuya kunciphisa ukuxinana kwempumlo kwaye kususe izinto ezibangela i-allergen kunye ne-mucus empumlweni. Ukuze wenze oku, ungasebenzisa isisombululo setyuwa onokusithenga kwikhemesti okanye amanzi anetyuwa enziwe ekhaya ngamanzi abilayo. Kodwa cela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho malunga noku.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane wengca awungomkhuhlane, kodwa yi-allergy. Ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu ezihlala zifana nomkhuhlane, lumka.
- Ukuchonga into onayo i-aleji kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango. Ingaba luthuli lwendlu? Ipollen? Isilwanyana sasekhaya? Cinga kakuhle ngale nto.
- Akukho mfuneko yokubandezeleka zezi mpawu. Kukho unyango olusebenzayo nolukhuselekileyo olufumanekayo namhlanje.
- Endaweni yokuzama ukuzinyanga, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho kwaye ufumane isicwangciso sonyango esikufaneleyo.
Umkhuhlane wengca, i-Allergic Rhinitis, ii-Allergies, ukuthimla, ukuxinana kweempumlo, amehlo arhawuzelelayo, isiSinhala, iSri Lanka
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