Ngaba ukhe weva ngeZika Virus? Yinto ekufuneka oomama bayiqaphele ngokukodwa!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngentsholongwane iZika kule mihla. Enyanisweni yintsholongwane esasazeka ziingcongconi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ucinga ngokuba nomntwana. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni intsholongwane iZika, yintoni imiphumo yayo, kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela.

Yintoni iZika? Kutheni iyingozi?

Ngamafutshane, iZika yintsholongwane enokudluliselwa emntwini ngokulunywa yingcongconi. Le ntsholongwane isasazeke kwihlabathi liphela, ingakumbi kumazwe anemozulu efudumeleyo kwaye apho iintlobo ezithile zeengcongconi zixhaphake khona.

Sifanele sikhathazeke kakhulu ngale ntsholongwane kubafazi abakhulelweyo nakwabo sele beza kukhulelwa. Ubusazi? Ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo ufumana iZika, inokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa kwabantwana abaswelekileyo, kunye neziphene zokuzalwa komntwana wakhe.

Esinye sezi ziphene zokuzalwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- microcephaly . Oku kwenzeka xa intloko yomntwana incinci kunesiqhelo. Xa oku kusenzeka, ingqondo kunye nokhakhayi lomntwana azikhuli kakuhle, nto leyo enokubangela ukulibaziseka kokukhula. Khawuthelekelele indlela okubuhlungu ngayo oko. I-Zika inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu kumntwana, ezifana neengxaki zamehlo, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, kunye nokuxhuzula.

Kodwa kukho nale nto, ukuba umntwana ophilileyo ufumana iZika emva kokuba ezelwe, akayi kuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-microcephaly. Ziintsana ezosulelwe yile ntsholongwane zisesesibelekweni kuphela ezisengozini yokufumana iingxaki zobuchopho. Ke ngoko, i-CDC, eyi-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, ithi oomama abakhulelweyo kufuneka baphephe ukuhamba baye kwiindawo apho iZika isasazeka khona.

Zithini iimpawu zeZika?

Uninzi lwexesha, iZika ayibangeli zimpawu, ngoko abanye abantu abazi nokuba banayo le ntsholongwane.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zihlala zincinci kakhulu. Ungazibona ezi mpawu zilandelayo phakathi kweentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezili-14 emva kokuba ulunywe:

• Ifiva
• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba
• Intlungu yamalungu, ingakumbi ezandleni nasezinyaweni
• Intlungu yemisipha
• Ububomvu bamehlo (`(Pinkeye)`)
• Intloko ebuhlungu

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba inani elincinci labantu lifumane imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiGuillain-Barré syndrome emva kokuba lifumene isifo sikaZika. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ibangela ubuthathaka bemisipha okwethutyana, ngamanye amaxesha ikhokelela ekukhubazekeni.

Intsholongwane kaZika isasazeka njani?

Eyona ndlela iphambili umntu anokuyifumana ngayo iZika kukulunywa yingcongconi yebhinqa i-Aedes aegypti okanye i-Aedes albopictus eyosulelwe yile ntsholongwane. Ezi ncongconi zihlala kwimimandla eshushu, oko kuthetha ukuba zinemozulu efudumeleyo, okanye kwimimandla eshushu.

Kwakhona, intsholongwane inokudluliselwa ngesondo nomntu onayo le ntsholongwane, nokuba akanazo iimpawu, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ikhondom . Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi oku.

Intsholongwane kaZika inokudluliselwa kumama iye kusana lwakhe olungekazalwa, ngoko ke kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho iZika isasazeka khona, okanye ukuba uya kuyo, zama ukuphepha ukulunywa ziingcongconi kangangoko unako. Kwakhona, sebenzisa ikhondom ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo ukuthintela ukosuleleka yiZika.

Kuthiwa umngcipheko wokuba intsholongwane kaZika idluliselwe kumama oncancisayo ukuya kwiintsana zabo ngobisi lwebele uphantsi. I-CDC icebisa ukuba oomama baqhubeke nokuncancisa iintsana zabo nokuba baneZika okanye bahlala kwindawo apho iZika ikhona khona. Nangona kunjalo, njengesilumkiso, kungcono ukuba oomama abancancisayo baphephe ukuvezwa yile ntsholongwane.

Intsholongwane yeZika ayisasazeki lula njengezinye iintsholongwane. Ayisasazeki ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokuthimla okanye ukukhohlela, njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane. Ayisasazeki nangokudibana nje okungacwangciswanga, njengokuxhawula izandla. Ngoko ke musani ukoyika.

Iphi intsholongwane yeZika exhaphake kakhulu?

Ukuqhambuka kwentsholongwane iZika kuye kwaxelwa kwiCaribbean, eMexico, eMbindi Melika, eMzantsi Melika, kwiZiqithi zePasifiki, eAfrika, nakwamanye amazwe aseAsia.

Nangona ingcongconi edlulisela iZika ifunyenwe eMelika nakwiindawo ezingqongileyo, zimbalwa iimeko eziqinisekisiweyo zeZika eMelika (olu lwazi lunokutshintsha, ngoko ke kungcono ukujonga iwebhusayithi yeCDC ukuze ufumane ulwazi lwamva nje). Ekubeni ezi ncongconi zikwakho naseSri Lanka, kubalulekile ukuba silumke.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba uneZika?

Oogqirha banokuyijonga iZika ngovavanyo lwegazi okanye uvavanyo lomchamo.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo, okanye abafazi abaceba ukukhulelwa, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka babone ugqirha ukuze bafumane icebiso ukuba bacinga ukuba basenokuba bachaphazeleke yintsholongwane yeZika, nokuba abanazo iimpawu.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba uneZika? Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Uninzi lwabantu abosulelwe yiZika bayaphila kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-7 ngokuphumla ngokwaneleyo ekhaya kunye nolwelo oluninzi (njengamanzi kunye nejusi yeziqhamo). Abantwana abancinci banokunikwa i-paracetamol yomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba.

Nangona kunjalo, nantsi into ekufuneka uyikhumbule: Ungaze unike iintsana nabantwana abancinci i-aspirin (ingakumbi xa benesifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane). Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela isifo esiyingozi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuba yi-Reye's syndrome .

Amanye amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (OTC) anokuba ne-aspirin. Ngoko ke, bubulumko ukufunda ilebheli ngononophelo kwaye udibane nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba uwasebenzise. Amanye amayeza aqulethe i-aspirin anokuba negama elithi ``Salicylate'' okanye ``Acetylsalicylate'' endaweni yelithi ``Aspirin''. Musa ukunika abantwana ezi zinto.

Ii-antibiotics zisebenza kuphela kwiintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ii-antibiotics aziluncedo kwiintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana neZika.

Ungazikhusela kwiZika? Ungayithintela njani?

Ngelishwa, akukabikho gonyo lwentsholongwane iZika okwangoku. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kukuphepha ukulunywa ziingcongconi kwaye ulumke xa usabelana ngesondo. Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka baphephe ukuya kwiindawo apho iZika ixhaphake khona.

Yenza ezi zinto ukuze uphephe iingcongconi:

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho iZika isasazeka khona, okanye uya kwenye, yenza ezi zinto ukuze uzikhusele kwiingcongconi:

• Gquma kakuhle: Nxiba iihempe ezinemikhono emide kunye neebhulukhwe ezinde. Ukuze ukhuseleke ngakumbi, nxiba impahla etshiziweyo okanye ekhuhlwe ngesibulali-zinambuzane esibizwa ngokuba yi-permethrin .
• Hlala ngaphakathi: Kwizindlu ezine-air conditioner, gcina iifestile zivaliwe, okanye ufake izikrini kwiifestile, kwaye ujonge ukuba azinamingxunya kwizikrini.
• Sebenzisa isixovuli sezinambuzane: Khetha esiqulethe i-DEET eyi-10% ukuya kwi-30% . Funda imiyalelo ngononophelo kwaye uyisebenzise njengoko kuyalelwe. Musa ukusebenzisa i-DEET kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-2 ubudala. Ungasebenzisa nesixovuli sezinambuzane esibizwa ngokuba yiPicaridin, ngokutsho kweCDC. Kwakhona, ioyile ye-lemon eucalyptus ikhuselekile kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala.
• Susa amanzi amileyo: Khupha nayiphi na indawo apho amanzi anokuqokelelana khona, njengeebhafu, iimbiza zeentyatyambo, kunye neebhakethi, njengoko iingcongconi zibeka amaqanda azo kwaye zizalela kwiindawo ezinjalo.

Izibini ezizama ukuba nomntwana nazo kufuneka ziqwalasele oku:

Izibini eziye zaya kwiindawo apho iZika isasazeka khona kwaye zinethemba lokuba nomntwana kufuneka zilinde ixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba zikhulelwe. Ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane inokudluliselwa ngokwesondo, kubalulekile ukuba amadoda asebenzise iikhondom.

• Ukuba umfazi uneZika, okanye uye waya kwindawo eneZika, kufuneka alinde ubuncinane iinyanga ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba azame ukukhulelwa.
• Ukuba indoda ineZika okanye iye yaya kwindawo eneZika, kufuneka ilinde ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba izame ukukhulelwa.
• Ukuba omabini amaqabane aye ahamba aye kwindawo eneZika, okanye ukuba indoda ineZika, kufuneka balinde ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba bazame ukukhulelwa.

Ingakumbi malunga nempilo yesondo yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo:

Abantu abatshatileyo abasele bekhulelwe, abahlala okanye abaye bahamba kwiindawo apho iZika ixhaphake khona, kufuneka baphephe ukulala ngesondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okanye basebenzise ikhondom rhoqo.

Izibini ezingakhulelwanga kwaye ezingenathemba lokuba nomntwana kufuneka zazi oku:

Kwanamaqabane angakhulelwanga kwaye angenathemba lokuba nomntwana kufuneka asebenzise ikhondom ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-3 emva kokuhamba aye kwindawo apho kukho khona iZika.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Abafazi abakhulelweyo (okanye abo bacinga ukuba bakhulelwe) abaye bahamba kwiindawo ezineZika, okanye abaneempawu zeZika, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka babone ugqirha. Kungcono ukuxoxa ngemeko yakho nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele nayiphi na imiyalelo efunekayo.

Umyalezo oza kugoduka nawo kweli nqaku ngulo

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngentsholongwane yeZika. Nazi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka sizikhumbule:

• I-Zika (iVirus yeZika) yintsholongwane edluliselwa ziingcongconi. Inokuba yingozi kakhulu, ingakumbi kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye neentsana zabo ezingekazalwa. Inokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa ezifana ne-microcephaly.
• Iimpawu azibonakali kuye wonke umntu, kodwa ukuba ziyenzeka, zihlala zingabonakali.
• Ukuthintela yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ekubeni kungekho gonyo okwangoku, ukuphepha iingcongconi kunye nokwenza isondo esikhuselekileyo (ukusebenzisa iikhondom) zezona zinto zibalulekileyo.
• Abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nabo baceba ukukhulelwa kufuneka baphephe ukuya kwiindawo apho kukho khona iZika.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo, ingakumbi ukuba ukhulelwe, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uqaphele, ungoyiki, kwaye ulumke. Uyayazi?

I- Zika, intsholongwane kaZika, intsholongwane kaZika, iingcongconi, ukukhulelwa, i-microcephaly, iimpawu, ukuthintela, i-Aedes mosquito