Ingaba i-vaginal yakho yomile? Ingaba ibuhlungu? Masithethe nge (Vaginal Atrophy / Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause - GSM)

Ngaba wakha waziva ungakhululekanga, unentlungu, okanye ukoma kwilungu lakho lobufazi? Ngaba uziva unentlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo? Usenokuziva uneentloni kancinci ukuthetha ngezi zinto. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela abafazi abaninzi, kodwa asithethi ngazo kakhulu, kodwa zizinto ekufuneka zixoxwe ngazo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha .

Ibizwa ngokuba yintoni le meko? Iyintoni kanye kanye?

Ngamafutshane, le yimeko apho izicubu ezijikeleze i-vaginal ziba ncinci kwaye zome. Yayibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Vaginal Atrophy)`. Kodwa ngoku kusetyenziswa igama elitsha lezonyango, eliyi-`(Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause)` okanye `(GSM)` ngamafutshane. Isizathu sokusebenzisa eli gama litsha kukuba le meko ayichaphazeli kuphela i-vaginal, kodwa nenkqubo yomchamo. Okwenzekayo koku kukuba ii-membranes ezithambileyo ezijikeleze i-vaginal yakho zomile kwaye zinciphe. Cinga ngayo njengokuqhekeka komhlaba xa womile. Yiyo loo nto iimpawu ezifana nokurhawuzelela, ukutshisa, kunye nentlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo zisenzeka. Akupheleli apho, kodwa izifo zomchamo (UTIs)` kunye nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo nazo zinokuhamba nayo. Le meko idla ngokuvela njengoko usondela okanye emva kokuya exesheni. Isizathu soku kukuba inqanaba le-hormone estrogen eveliswa zii-ovari zakho liyehla. Ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza okanye xa ii-ovari zakho zisuswa ngotyando, eli nqanaba le-estrogen nalo linokwehla. Xa eli nqanaba le-hormone lehla, linokubangela ezinye iimpawu ezingathandekiyo. Ezi zinokuchaphazela nobomi bakho obuqhelekileyo.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku? (Kuqheleke kangakanani oku?)

Enyanisweni, ubuncinane isiqingatha sabo bonke abafazi abadlula ekupheliseni ukuya exesheni bafumana uhlobo oluthile lwesi sifo esaziwa ngokuba yiGenitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM). Ngokuqhelekileyo uphawu lokuqala kukuba lukhuni kwesibeleko . Usenokubona oku okokuqala ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.

Zithini iimpawu zoku? (Zithini iimpawu zoku?)

Xa unemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Vaginal Atrophy" okanye "GSM", izicwili eziseludongeni lwelungu lobufazi ziba buthathaka, zome, kwaye zibe sesichengeni sosulelo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu.

Iimpawu zesini:

• Ukuziva ukutshisa kunye/okanye ukurhawuzelelwa sisitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Intlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Oku kuthiwa yi-"Dyspareunia" ngokwezonyango.
• Ukukhupha ulwelo olungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi (oluhlala lunombala otyheli).
• Ukopha okanye ukubona amabala kwilungu lobufazi, ingakumbi ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.
• Ukurhawuzelelwa okujikeleze i-labia (indawo yangaphandle yesini).

Iimpawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yomchamo:

Le meko inokuchaphazela inkqubo yakho yomchamo, ibangele iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs).
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kukungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama.
• Ukufuna ukuchama rhoqo kunesiqhelo.
• Ukuchama okubuhlungu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Dysuria)`.
• Igazi kumchamo. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Hematuria)`.
• Ukutshisa xa uchama.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu? (Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?)

Ngexesha lokuya exesheni, umzimba wakho uvelisa i-hormone ye-estrogen encinci kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwale estrogen, iindonga zelungu lakho langasese zinokuncipha kwaye zilahlekelwe kukuqina. Ilungu lakho langasese linokuba lincinci kwaye libe lifutshane. Xa amanqanaba e-estrogen ehla, ubungakanani bolwelo lwendalo lwelungu langasese luyancipha, kwaye ibhalansi ye-asidi kwilungu lakho langasese iyatshintsha. Konke oku kwenza izicubu zakho zangasese zibe buthathaka kwaye zibe sesichengeni sosulelo. Ukongeza kwixesha lokuya exesheni, kukho amanye amaxesha apho umzimba wakho unokulahlekelwa yi-estrogen. Umzekelo:

• Xa uncancisa umntwana.
• Xa kunyangwa umhlaza (umz. `(I-Chemotherapy)`, `(Unyango lwemisebe)`).
• Ukuba ukhe wasuswa ama-ovari akho ngotyando (`( Oophorectomy )`).

Kwiimeko ezinje, ukwehla kwe-estrogen kunokukhokelela kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Vaginal Atrophy".

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko?

Abafazi abadlula kwixesha lokuya exesheni banamathuba amaninzi okuba nale meko, njengoko imizimba yabo ivelisa i-estrogen encinci ngokwendalo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba amanqanaba e-estrogen ehle, nto leyo ekhokelela kule meko:

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibeleko ngenxa yonyango oluchasene nomhlaza (iChemotherapy okanye unyango lwemisebe).
• Ukusebenzisa amayeza athile anciphisa amanqanaba e-estrogen . Imizekelo ibandakanya amayeza afana neTamoxifen, iMedroxyprogesterone, kunye neNafarelin.
• Ukususwa kwamaqanda ngotyando (`(Oophorectomy)`).
• Ezinye iintlobo zeepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa.
• Izifo ezithile zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Ixesha lokuncancisa .
• Ukutshaya icuba .

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, xa ungasoloko ulala nomntu (kunye okanye ungenaye iqabane), kokukhona umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-vaginal atrophy ephakathi ukuya kweqatha. Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abalala nomntu rhoqo abana-vaginal atrophy engaqatha kunabo bayekile ukulala nomntu. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukukhuthazwa ngokwesondo kwandisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwi-vaginal, nto leyo enyusa ukuthamba kwezicubu ze-vaginal.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yoku?

I-Vaginal Atrophy (GSM) inokuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi bakho kunye nolwalamano lwakho neqabane lakho. Inemiphumo emibi yomzimba neyengqondo. Iimpawu zomzimba ezifana nentlungu, ukutsha, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye nokuphuma kolwelo zinokuphazamisana nayo yonke into ebomini bakho. Inokuba nempembelelo yengqondo. Xa unezi mpawu, unokufumana ukuphelelwa ngumdla kwisondo, ukuphelelwa ngumnqweno wokusondelana, okanye ukuphelelwa kukuzithemba. Nceda ukhumbule ukuba zonke ezi mvakalelo ziqhelekile kwaye ugqirha wakho ukhona ukukunceda.

Ifunyaniswa njani le nto?

Ugqirha unokuxilonga ukuwohloka kwesisu ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye novavanyo lwesisu, oluhlola isini sakho kunye nomlomo wesibeleko. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zale meko ngexesha lovavanyo lwesisu ziquka:

• Ilungu lobufazi lifutshane okanye linciphile.
• Ukoma, ukuba bomvu, kunye nokudumba.
• Leyo ilahlekelwe bubuthambile bayo.
• Ukuphuma kolwelo olumhlophe oluphuma kwilungu lobufazi.
• Iimeko zesikhumba, ezifana nezilonda kunye/okanye amabala abomvu, ezijikeleze i-labia.
• Amanxeba amancinci (imivumbo) kufutshane nomngxuma welungu lobufazi.
• Ubukhulu obunciphileyo be-labia.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuqinisekisa oku?

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga utshintsho lwe-atrophic okanye i-GSM ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu kunye novavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, banokwenza uvavanyo ukuze baqinisekise ukuba akukho zimo zimbi, ezinje:

• Uvavanyo lwePap.
• Ukuvavanya isampuli yomchamo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound.
• Ukuvavanya i-pH (i-asidi) yesitho sangasese sowesifazane (`(i-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane)`).
• Uvavanyo losulelo lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Imibuzo enokubuzwa ngugqirha wakho:

• Ngaba udlula kwixesha lokuya exesheni?
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo?
• Ngaba usandul’ ukuba nomntwana?
• Ngaba ukulala ngesondo kubuhlungu?
• Ngaba ukhe wazama ukusebenzisa izinto zokuthambisa okanye izinto zokuthambisa onokuthi uzithenge kwikhemesti?
• Ngaba ukhe waphawula ukuba kukho ukukhupha okuphumayo kwilungu lobufazi bakho?
• Ngaba ukhe waphawula ukuba kukho ukukhupha okanye ukurhawuzelelwa okufana negazi?
• Zingakanani ixesha ezi mpawu zikhona?

Kuqhelekile ukuba neentloni xa uthetha ngeempawu ze-`(Vaginal Atrophy)`. Kodwa ukuba ucinga ukuba unazo ezi mpawu, ungabi nazintloni zokuxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo. Zininzi iindlela zonyango ezisebenzayo zoku.

Makhe sijonge unyango: Unyango lwehomoni

Unyango lwe-estrogen kunye ne-dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ziindlela zonyango lwe-hormone zokuphela kwe-vaginal.

I-estrogen yezihloko

Oku kusebenza ngokunyanga iimpawu zesini kuphela ngaphandle kokunyusa izinga le-estrogen egazini lakho. Ingathathwa njengekhrimu, ithebhulethi yesini, okanye iringi. Ugqirha wakho unokukuchazela nganye kwezi ndlela aze akuncede ukhethe eyona ifanelekileyo kuwe.

• Ikhrimu ye-estrogen yesini: Le krimu ifakwa kwisini kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokuyithambisa. Uninzi lwabantu kufuneka bayithambise yonke imihla kangangeeveki ezimbalwa, emva koko kabini okanye kathathu ngeveki.
• Indandatho yelungu lobufazi: Le yindandatho encinci nethambileyo. Ugqirha wakho uyifaka kwilungu lobufazi bakho. Ikhupha idosi ephantsi ye-estrogen kangangeenyanga ezintathu. Emva koko ugqirha wakho uyayisusa aze afake entsha.
• Ithebhulethi yesini: Le ikwayithebhulethi encinci efakwa kwisini kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokuyifakela. Njengamanye amayeza e-estrogen, isetyenziswa yonke imihla ekuqaleni, ize incitshiswe kabini ukuya kathathu ngeveki.

Unyango Lokutshintshwa Kwehomoni (HRT)

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Systemic estrogen therapy)`. Ukuba unezinye iimpawu zokuya exesheni, ezinje ngobushushu nokubila, olu nyango lunokuba luncedo. Olu luvavanyo oluphezulu lweehomoni, kwaye aluyi kuphela kwilungu lobufazi, kodwa nakwezinye iiseli emzimbeni. Ukuba ubusele udlule exesheni iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, okanye ukuba unokomisa nje ilungu lobufazi, `(Local therapy)` isetyenziswa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna i-`(Systemic hormone therapy)`, inokuba neengenelo ezinje ngokuphucula impilo yesini, ukuphucula ubuthongo, ukunciphisa i-`(Hot flashes)`, kunye nokuphucula imo yengqondo. Wena nogqirha wakho ninokugqiba ukuba olu nyango lukulungele na.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezingezizo ezehomoni?

Wena nogqirha wakho kufuneka nisebenzisane ekuphuhliseni isicwangciso sonyango lwemeko yakho yokuphelelwa ngamandla kwesini. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda ukuba ukhethe ukuba loluphi unyango olusebenzayo ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nobunzima bazo. Unyango lwe-estrogen kunye ne-DHEA luthathwa njengolona lusebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, olu nyango alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Kukwakho nonyango oluninzi olungelulo olwe-hormone olunokusetyenziswa.

Izinto zokuthambisa kunye nezinto zokuthambisa

Izithambisi kunye nezithambisi-mafutha zinyanga ukoma kwelungu lobufazi. Oku kunokunciphisa ukungonwabi ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Ungazithenga ezi kwikhemesti okanye kwivenkile enkulu ekufutshane nawe. Ziza ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zeempawu.

• Izithambiso zangasese zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nentlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Zenziwe ngamanzi, i-silicone, okanye ioyile. Zisebenza ixesha elifutshane kuphela.
• Izithambisi-manzi zesini zinamathela kwizicubu zesini kwaye zinceda ukugcina umswakama kwiiseli. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziswa kanye ukuya kathathu ngemini, njengoko zisebenza ixesha elide.
• Ezinye iioyile zendalo, ezifana neoyile yomnquma kunye neoyile yekhokhonathi, zingasetyenziswa njengezithambiso kunye nezinto zokuthambisa.

Unyango lweLaser

Kuthiwa unyango olungangenisi ntsholongwane, olungasebenzisi utyando olubizwa ngokuba zii-CO2 lasers lunceda ekuvuseleleni izicubu zesini, lunyuse amandla alo kunye nokuqina kwaso. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zixhobo azikavunywa yi-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kunyango lwe-vaginal atrophy, njengoko uphando olude malunga nokusetyenziswa kwazo lusalinganiselwe.

Ii-Dilators

IiDilators zizixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukwandisa i-vagina ukunciphisa ukungonwabi ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Abantu abaninzi baqala nge-dilator encinci baze kancinci kancinci badlulele kwezinkulu.

I-Ospemifene (Ospemifene - Osphena®)

I-Osphena® yipilisi ethathwa yonke imihla. Inezibonelelo ezifanayo neze-estrogen, kodwa ayinayo i-estrogen. Nangona kunjalo, isiphumo esibi esingaqhelekanga kukwanda komngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi. Abanye abantu banokufumana ukubila okwandayo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu (ubushushu obuphezulu), kodwa uninzi lwabantu alufumani zimpawu.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo/iingxaki zonyango?

Qaphela naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ezibonakala emva kokuba uqalile unyango. Ezi zinokubandakanya ukurhawuzelelwa lusu, iintlungu ezingakumbi, kunye/okanye ukukhupha ulwelo kwilungu lobufazi. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba uzive ungakhululekanga ngesicwangciso sakho sonyango, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngaso.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukunyanga le meko?

Ubude bexesha elithathwayo ukunyanga iimpawu zakho ze-(GSM) buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela oyisebenzisayo kunye nobunzima bemeko yakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngazo zonke iindlela onokukhetha kuzo, ngokusekelwe kwimbali yakho yempilo kunye nemeko yakho. Uza kukunceda umisele isicwangciso sonyango esisebenzayo. Khumbula ukuba abantu abaninzi bafumana impumelelo ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yonyango.

Ngaba oku kungathintelwa?

Ukulahleka kwe-estrogen yinxalenye yenkqubo yokwaluphala yomzimba wakho. Akunakunqandwa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela zokuthintela ukuwohloka kwe-vaginal atrophy ukuba kube kubi ngakumbi. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izinto eziyingozi kwi-vaginal (iziqholo, iidayi, iishampu, iisepha, kunye ne-douching). Khumbula, ukuba nesondo kulungile kwi-vaginal atrophy, njengoko kwandisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizicubu ze-vaginal.

Ndingalindela ntoni ukuba ndifunyenwe ndinesifo?

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba "uphile nje" ngokuwohloka kwesisu. Nokuba ukwi-menopause okanye emva kokuya exesheni, akuthethi ukuba kufuneka ube neengxaki zosulelo lomchamo rhoqo (UTIs), ukurhawuzelelwa sisisu, okanye iintlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Unyango lokuwohloka kwesisu lusebenza kakhulu. Musa ukoyika ukuzama unyango olwahlukileyo, kwaye usebenzisane nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane olusebenza kakuhle kuwe.

Ngaba le meko inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo? (Ngaba le meko inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?)

I-Vaginal Atrophy ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa akufuneki uhlale unengxaki. Xa uxilongwa kwaye unyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, iimpawu zinokulawulwa.

Ingaba le meko ingaba mandundu ukuba ayinyangwa?

Ewe, le meko inokuba mandundu. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufumana unyango kwangethuba. Okukhona ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba okuba i-vaginal atrophy yakho ibe mandundu. Umzekelo, okukhona uhlala ixesha elide ungenayo i-estrogen, kokukhona i-vaginal yakho yoma. Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-vaginal atrophy yakho inokuba mandundu. Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokuba mandundu kangangokuba ukuvulwa kwe-vaginal kungancipha kakhulu. Kwimeko enjalo, ukuba uyalibazisa ukuqala unyango, kunokuba nzima ukunyanga.

Kunjani ukuhlala nale nto? (Kunjani ukuhlala nale nto?)

Ukuwohloka kwesisu kungachaphazela kakhulu kungekuphela nje ubomi bakho besondo, kodwa nomgangatho wobomi bakho bonke. Iimpawu ezinje ngentlungu, ukoma, ukutsha/ukurhawuzelelwa, amabala, ukopha, iingxaki zomchamo, usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo (ii-UTI), kunye nokukhupha ulwelo kwisisu kunokuba yinto engathandekiyo kwaye kunokuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Malunga nomfazi omnye kwabane baxela ukuba ukuwohloka kwesisu kuchaphazele kakubi ezinye iinkalo zobomi babo, kubandakanya ukulala kwabo, impilo yesondo, kunye nokuphila kakuhle ngokubanzi.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ndizinyamekela njani?)

Njengazo zonke ezinye iinkalo zempilo yakho, yenza impilo yakho yesondo ibe yeyona nto iphambili. Funa uncedo kugqirha wakho ukuze ufumane iimpendulo kuyo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Nokuba awukafiki kwixesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni, xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iimpawu ezinje ngokoma, iintlungu, ukutsha/ukurhawuzelelwa, iingxaki zomchamo, amabala angaqhelekanga okanye ukopha, okanye ukukhupha ulwelo kwilungu lobufazi. Ukuba ubusebenzisa izithambisi-mafutha ezingathengiswayo ukuze ukome kwakho kangangeeveki ezininzi kwaye akukho tshintsho, kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Kwakhona, ukuba uneempawu eziphazamisana nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Xa ubona ugqirha wakho, ungambuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Zeziphi izinto ondicebisa ukuba ndizithenge ekhemesti?
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ondicebisa ukuba ndizifumane ngaphandle kwencwadi kagqirha?
• Ingaba le meko yam yeyexeshana?
• Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela zokunyanga imeko yam?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kunyango?
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva konyango?
• Ngaba ndinazo ezinye iingxaki zempilo ngaphandle kweVaginal Atrophy?
• Yintoni enye endinokuyenza ukuze ndithintele ukuwohloka kwesisu sam ukuba singabi mandundu?
• Ndingamnceda njani iqabane lam?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-vaginal atrophy kunye ne-yeast infection?

Zombini izifo ze-vaginal atrophy kunye ne-yeast infections zinokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokoma, ukurhawuzelela, ukuba bomvu, kunye nentlungu. Nangona kunjalo, i-vaginal atrophy ibangelwa kukungabikho kwe-estrogen, ngelixa i-yeast infection ibangelwa lusulelo lwefungus. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neempawu zakho kunye nemeko onayo, kwaye kunye ningenza isigqibo.

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwizinto esizithethileyo?

Ukuwohloka kwamalungu esini yimeko enzima kakhulu. Ingachaphazela umgangatho wobomi bakho, ibangele ukungonwabi, ukuya rhoqo kwigumbi lokuhlambela, usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs), ukudumba, iintlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo, nokunye.

Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango zoku, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ufumane eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokujongana neempawu zakho.

Fumana unyango. Ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kunye neqabane lakho ngale nto. Hlala ulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho kwaye wenze konke okusemandleni akho ukulawula imeko yakho. Khumbula, awuwedwa, kwaye uncedo luyafumaneka.