Ukuba wakha watyandwa, mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge-"anesthesia" ngaphambi kwayo. Abantu abaninzi bayoyika kancinci oku. Kuqhelekile ukuba nemibuzo efana nokuthi "Ngaba ndiza kuvuka?" kunye nokuthi "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndisebenzisa i-anesthesia?" Kodwa eneneni yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, eyenziwa phantsi kweliso elipheleleyo loogqirha. Ke namhlanje, masithethe nge -anesthesia jikelele, okanye yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngayo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo?
I-anesthesia eqhelekileyo kuxa ubekwa kwimeko efana nobuthongo obunzulu ngexesha lotyando. Enyanisweni, oku akukokulala nje kuphela, kodwa kukwimeko enzulu nelawulwayo yokungazi nto. Ngeli xesha, umzimba wakho awuyi kuva ntlungu, kwaye awuyi kukhumbula nantoni na enye ngexesha lotyando .
Lo msebenzi wenziwa yingcali yokubulala iintlungu . Ungugqirha oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kwi- anesthesia , oko kukuthi, ukuvusa ubuthongo. Ukususela kwixesha lotyando oluqalayo de luphele, de uvuke ngokupheleleyo kwakhona, le ngcali yokubulala iintlungu ihlala ecaleni kwakho kwaye ijonge yonke intshukumo yakho. Ngoko ke akukho sizathu sokoyika.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo kunye nezinye iindlela ze-anesthesia.
| Uhlobo lwe-anesthesia | Kwenzeka ntoni kuyo? | Iimeko zokusetyenziswa |
|---|---|---|
| I-Anesthesia Jikelele | Umzimba wonke ulele ubuthongo obunzulu. Akukho ntlungu okanye ingqondo. | Utyando olukhulu (intliziyo, ubuchopho), utyando oluthatha iiyure. |
| I-Anesthesia yeSithili | Inxalenye enkulu yomzimba wakho (umz. ngaphantsi kwesinqe) ayisebenzi kakuhle. Usezingqondweni, kodwa unikwa amayeza okuphumla. | Utyando lwe-Cesarean (utyando lwe-C), utyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo okanye isinqe. |
| I-Anesthesia Yengingqi | Yindawo encinci kakhulu echaphazelekileyo. | Tsala izinyo, thunga inxeba. |
| Ukulala kancinci (Ukuphumla) | Ikwenza uphumle, ulale. Usenokude ulale. | Uvavanyo lweColonoscopy, uvavanyo oluthile lwe-biopsy. |
Inkqubo yokulahlekelwa liphupha yenzeka njani?
Le yinto eyenzeka kancinci kancinci.
1. Ukunika amayeza: Xa usiya kwindawo yotyando, i-cannula (umgca we-IV) iya kufakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho kwaye amayeza olwelo aya kunikwa ngayo. Okanye ngamanye amaxesha imaski iya kubekwa ebusweni bakho kwaye uya kunikwa igesi yokuphefumla. Kwimizuzu embalwa, uya kuba kwimeko efana nobuthongo obunzulu.
2. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumla : Emva kokuba ungekho zingqondweni ngokupheleleyo, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kufaka umbhobho omncinci (ityhubhu ye-endotracheal) ngomlomo wakho kwi-windpipe yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo ngexesha lotyando. Awuyi kuyiva ifakwa kuba uza kunikwa amayeza okuphumza izihlunu zomqala wakho ngaphambi kokuba oku kwenziwe.
3. Ukubeka esweni rhoqo: Kuyo yonke inkqubo yotyando, iqela le-anesthesia liza kulinganisa rhoqo ezi zinto zilandelayo emzimbeni wakho:
- Izinga lokuphefumla
- Ubushushu bomzimba
- Inqanaba lentliziyo
- Ifuthe legazi
- Inqanaba leoksijini egazini
- Amanqanaba olwelo lomzimba
Ngokusekelwe kwezi zilinganiso, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kulungisa ubungakanani bamayeza owanikiweyo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ikunike ulwelo olongezelelweyo okanye igazi. Ngoko ke ukhuselekile kakhulu.
4. Ukuchacha: Xa utyando luphelile, ugqirha uya kuyeka ukukunika i-anesthesia. Emva koko uya kusiwa kwigumbi lokuchacha. Apho uya kuqala ukuvuka kancinci kancinci. Oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baya kuqinisekisa ukuba awubi buhlungu okanye awunayo nayiphi na enye ingxaki.
Ngawaphi amayeza asetyenziswa koku?
Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zamayeza asetyenziselwa ukuvusa ubuthongo: amayeza okusebenzisa imibhobho yegazi kunye namayeza aphefumlwayo.
Amayeza e-IV
- I-Propofol: Iyeza elisetyenziswa kakhulu. Likwenza ukhawuleze ukozela kwaye likuncede uhlale kuloo meko ngexesha lotyando.
- I-Etomidate: Iyeza lexesha elifutshane elinikwa ukuqala ukukhohlwa.
- I-Ketamine: Isetyenziswa yodwa okanye kunye nezinye iziyobisi xa kutyandwa ixesha elifutshane.
Amayeza afunxwayo
- I-Sevoflurane: Igesi esetyenziswa rhoqo ekuvuseleleni nasekugcineni i-anesthesia.
- I-Desflurane: Le ikwasetyenziselwa ukugcina i-anesthesia.
- I-Nitrous Oxide: Ekwaziwa ngokuba yi "laughing gas," ayinamandla ngokwaneleyo ukuba ibangele ubuthongo obunzulu ngokwayo, ngoko ke isetyenziswa kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezinamandla.
Ufanele uzilungiselele njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ugqirha wakho kunye nengcali yokubulala iintlungu baza kuthetha nawe ngaphambi kotyando. Ngokuqinisekileyo baza kukubuza ngezi zinto. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho ukuthetha inyani ngeli xesha kwaye ungafihli nto.
- Ezinye izifo onazo (ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo).
- Onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini kunye namayeza emveli).
- Ii-aleji onazo - izinto ezifana namayeza, amaqanda, i-soy, njl.
- Nokuba uyatshaya, usela utywala, okanye usebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi.
- Ingaba bekukho nayiphi na impendulo kwi-anesthesia ngexesha lotyando lwangaphambili.
Ngokukodwa, ugqirha uza kukuxelela ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nto kangangeeyure ezisi-8 ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kubizwa ngokuba 'kukuzila ukutya'. Isizathu soku kukuba xa uzila ukutya, izihlunu emzimbeni wakho ziyakhululeka. Emva koko ukutya esiswini sakho kunokunyuka kuye emqaleni wakho kungene emiphungeni yakho. Le yimeko eyingozi. Ngoko ke landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwakhona, ungacelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile anyusa ukopha, njenge-aspirin, malunga neveki ngaphambi kotyando. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi?
I-anesthesia eqhelekileyo yenye yezona zinto zikhuselekileyo kunyango lwanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo yezonyango, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci kunye neengozi ezingaqhelekanga.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zexeshana
Ezi zifo zihlala ziphela emva kweeyure ezimbalwa okanye ngosuku.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Umlomo owomileyo
- Umphimbo obuhlungu okanye ukurhawuzelela (ngenxa yomphimbo womoya)
- Ukozela
- Uloyiko
- Intlungu yomzimba
- Ukurhawuzelela
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo ethile (ingakumbi kubantu abadala)
Abo banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu
Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci yokufumana iingxaki ezivela kwi-anesthesia.
- Abantu abatyebe kakhulu: Unyango lokubulala iintlungu kunye nolawulo lokuphefumla kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo olukhulu kubantu abanobunzima obuphezulu bomzimba.
- Abantu abadala: Umngcipheko unokwanda njengoko ukhula ngenxa yokubakho kwezinye iimeko zonyango.
- Abantu abanezinye izifo: Abantu abaneemeko ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, isifo semiphunga, kunye nesifo sezintso.
- Abantu abane-Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
- Abantu abatshayayo: Umngcipheko uphezulu kuba ukutshaya kuchaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla.
- Abantu abasela utywala kakhulu: Abantu abaxhomekeke kutywala banokusabela ngendlela eyahlukileyo kumayeza okubulala iintlungu.
- Abantu abane-aleji kwiziyobisi ezibangela iintlungu.
Kunqabile kakhulu, malunga nomntu omnye kwiwaka, usenokuba nenqanaba elithile lokuqonda (ukwazi nge-anesthesia) nokuba sele ukhe waphathwa i-anesthesia. Nangona oku kunqabile kakhulu, ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngako.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-anesthesia eqhelekileyo yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu eyenziwa phantsi kweliso elipheleleyo lengcali ye-anesthesia.
- Ngaphambi kotyando, xelela ugqirha wakho yonke into oyaziyo ngempilo yakho, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nemikhwa (ukutshaya/utywala).
- Landela imiyalelo yezonyango, njengokuzila ukutya ngaphambi kotyando, ngokupheleleyo. Oku kungenxa yokhuseleko lwakho.
- Izinto ezifana nokucaphuka kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-anesthesia zihlala zizinto zexeshana.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye uloyiko malunga noku, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kotyando. Baza kuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho.
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