Abantu abaninzi bafuna ukongeza inkangeleko entle, esempilweni, okanye ukukhanya okugolide kulusu lwabo. Kwabanye, oku kukhanya kufezekiswa ngokubeka ulusu elangeni, nto leyo ethetha ukulufaka mnyama kancinci. Sikwabiza oku ngokuthi 'ukufunxa'. Ngoko ke kukho izinto ezilungileyo nezimbi kokufunxa elangeni. Nangona sifumana i-vitamin D elangeni, loo mitha inokuba yingozi enkulu kulusu lwethu. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto kanye.
Kuthetha ukuthini 'ukuthambisa' ulusu?
Ngamafutshane, ulusu lwakho 'luyajika lube mnyama', oko kuthetha ukuba lujika lube mnyama, xa luvezwa yimitha ye-ultraviolet (imisebe ye-UV) evela elangeni. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale mitha ye-ultraviolet. Ezi yimitha ye-UVA kunye ne-UVB.
Ukuze sikuqonde ngcono oku, makhe sijonge indlela olumile ngayo ulusu lwethu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ulusu lwethu lufana nekhekhe elinezintlu ezintathu.
- I-Epidermis (E PID ermis): Le yingqimba ephezulu yolusu esinokuyibona ngamehlo ethu.
- I-Dermis: Le yingqimba yesibini. Iqulethe uninzi lwemithambo-luvo, amadlala okubila, kunye neefollicle zeenwele.
- Izicubu ezingaphantsi kwesikhumba: Le yilaphu yesithathu neyokugqibela. Iqulethe izinto ezifana nezicubu ezinamafutha kunye nemithambo yegazi.
Eyona nto ibangela ukuba ulusu lwakho lube mdaka, oko kukuthi, luguquke lube mdaka, yimitha ye-UVA . Le mitha ingena kwi-epidermis, umaleko ophezulu wolusu, ize ifikelele kumaleko asezantsi. Emva koko, uhlobo lweseli eluswini lwethu olubizwa ngokuba yi- 'melanocytes ' luyavuselelwa kwaye luqalise ukuvelisa umbala omdaka obizwa ngokuba yi-melanin .
I-Melanin ngokwenene sisikhuselo esikhuselayo esidalwa yimizimba yethu ukukhusela ulusu lwethu kwimitha ye-UVA. Kufana nokuphakamisa isambrela ukuze sisikhusele elangeni. Okukhona uchaphazeleka lilanga, kokukhona umzimba wakho uvelisa le pigment ikhuselayo, i-melanin. Yiyo loo nto ulusu lwakho lusiba mnyama.
Imitha ye-UVB yiyo ebangela ukutsha lilanga. Ichaphazela kuphela umaleko ophezulu wolusu.
Abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama ngokwendalo bane-melanin eninzi. Yiyo loo nto ulusu lwabo lungatshi lula, kodwa luba mnyama kamnandi. Kodwa khumbula, nokuba ulusu lwakho lunjani na, nabani na unokuba sesichengeni semiphumo emibi yemitha yelanga ukuba akanxibi i-sunscreen okanye olunye ukhuselo.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuthambisa umbala welanga?
Ixesha elithathayo ukuze ulusu lwakho lube mnyama lixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.
- Umbala wendalo wolusu lwakho.
- Indlela ulusu lwakho oluvakalelwa ngayo lilanga.
- Ubukhali bemitha yelanga kwindawo okuyo.
- Ukuphakama kwendawo okuyo (ngaphezu kolwandle).
- Ngaba usebenzisa i-sunscreen, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ingakanani ixabiso layo le-'SPF' (into yokukhusela ilanga )?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, akukho ndlela ikhuselekileyo yokuthambisa isikhumba. Uthambisa isikhumba ngasinye luhlobo lomonakalo wesikhumba. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ukuba ulusu lwakho lunokumelana kangakanani nelanga kukuthetha nogqirha wakho, ngakumbi ingcali yesikhumba.
Ukutshiswa kwesikhumba kuyichaphazela njani impilo yakho?
Kukho iingenelo ezithile zokuchama elangeni. Inika i-vitamin D, iphucula imo yengqondo, kwaye ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba inokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye ikuncede ulale ngcono. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchama elangeni ngendlela engakhuselekanga kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kulusu lwakho.
Ukuvezwa lilanga ixesha elide kunokutshintsha ulusu lwakho ngonaphakade. Kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kulusu lwakho kwaye kulwenze lubonakale ludala kunokuba lunjalo . Le yeyona nto ibangela amabala amnyama kunye nemibimbi.
Umngcipheko womhlaza wolusu
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
- Imitha ye-UVA: Ezi zinokubangela uhlobo lomhlaza wolusu olubi kakhulu, olubizwa ngokuba yi -melanoma . Oku kunokuba yingozi. Ukuba umhlaza we-melanoma awufunyaniswanga kwangethuba, unokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni wonke kwaye uchaphazele nezinye izitho.
- Imitha ye-UVB: Ezi zibangela iintlobo ezimbini zomhlaza wesikhumba , i-basal cell carcinoma kunye ne-squamous cell carcinoma . Xa ezi ntlobo zomhlaza zisenzeka, oogqirha badla ngokuzisusa ngotyando iiseli zomhlaza. Ezi ntlobo zotyando zinokushiya amanxeba eluswini.
Ungazikhusela njani kwimitha yelanga?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wolusu kwaye uhlale ukhuselekile ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa isithambisi selanga esilungileyo. Landela la macebiso.
| Isenzo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-spectrum ebanzi. | 'I-Broad-spectrum' ithetha ukuba ikhusela kwi-UVA kunye ne-UVB ray. Qiniseka ukuba uyijongile ilebheli. |
| Nxiba i-sunscreen yonke imihla. | Khetha enye ene -SPF engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu ubuncinane. Musa ukukhohliswa ziimini ezinamafu. Amafu ngamanye amaxesha angenza imitha yelanga ibe bukhali ngakumbi. |
| Faka isicelo kwakhona. | Ukusebenza kwe-sunscreen kunciphisa ukuba udada, ubila, okanye uzikhuhla ngetawuli. Ngoko ke phinda uthambise emva kwesihlandlo ngasinye. |
| Kuphephe ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo emini. | Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, kuphephe ukuba selangeni phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini. Kulapho imisebe ye-UV inamandla khona. |
Masifunde nangeebhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba.
Ezinye iindawo zithengisa iibhedi ezikhethekileyo zokuthambisa isikhumba ezinokwenza ulusu lwakho lube mnyama ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ezi ziyingozi kakhulu. Kwaye aziboneleli naziphi na iingenelo zevithamini D ozifumana ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Ezi matshini zikhupha imisebe ye-UVA ikakhulu. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ezi zidibene ngqo nomhlaza we-melanoma. Ezi bhedi zokuthambisa zibonakalise ukuba ziyanyusa izinga lomhlaza we-melanoma, ingakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini abaselula. Kwakhona, ukuzisebenzisa kunokwenza ulusu lubonakale ludala ngokukhawuleza.
IiTanners ezingenalanga
Ngethamsanqa, kukho isisombululo kwabo bafuna ukuba nesikhumba esimnyama ngaphandle komngcipheko wokuvezwa lilanga. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba 'zii-sunless tanners'. Ezi ziza ngohlobo lweekhrimu okanye iiloshini. Xa zisetyenziswa eluswini, zivelisa i-melanin, nto leyo enika ulusu umbala omdaka.
Ezinye zezi mveliso ziqulethe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-'DHA (Dihydroxyacetone).' Oku kuyawungcolisa kancinci kancinci umaleko ophezulu wolusu lwakho, nto leyo eyenza lube mdaka okwexeshana. Lumka xa usebenzisa ezi zinto. Umzekelo, iimveliso ezine-'DHA' azivumelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba, njengemilebe.
Ekubeni ezi zithambisi zelanga ezingenalanga zenziwe ngezithako ezahlukeneyo, kuya kufuneka wenze uphando oluthile ukuze ukhethe eyona ifanelekileyo kuwe.Le yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokufumana inkangeleko entsundu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba nebala elimnyama xa utshiswa lilanga kukonakalisa ulusu. Akuyonto ebonisa ukuba ulusu lukhuselekile.
- Ukuvezwa elangeni ixesha elide ngaphandle kokhuseleko kubangela ukuguga kwesikhumba ngaphambi kwexesha (imibimbi, amabala okuguga) kwaye kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesikhumba onzima (i-melanoma).
- Soloko usebenzisa i-broad-spectrum sunscreen ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu nanini na xa uphuma ngaphandle, ingakumbi phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa kunye neye-4 emva kwemini.
- Iibhedi zokuthambisa isikhumba ziyingozi kakhulu. Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuba ufuna inkangeleko enombala onsundu, eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kukusebenzisa ii-tanners ezingenalanga.
- Ukuba ukhathazekile ngamabala amatsha okanye utshintsho kwiinduli zakho (imilo, umbala, ubungakanani), bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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