Ingabe indodana yakho ayihlali endaweni eyodwa? Ingabe ihlala ivuka futhi izulazule ekilasini, futhi ingabe uthisha uvame ukukhononda ngokuthi uphazamisa abanye abantwana? Kuyafana nasekhaya, ayihlali ngisho endaweni eyodwa ngenkathi idla, ihlala igijima futhi igxuma... Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucabange, 'Ukwenza okubi kwale ngane kukhulu kakhulu.' Ingabe lokhu ukwenza okubi okuvamile, noma ingabe kuyisimo okudingeka sisinake? Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, noma i-ADHD ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-ADHD?
I-ADHD ingenye yezinkinga zempilo yengqondo ezivame kakhulu ezibonakala ebuntwaneni. Yisimo esihlobene nokukhula nokusebenza kobuchopho, futhi akulona iphutha lengane noma lomzali. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lokhu kuqala.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi lesi simo sivame kabili kubafana kunakwamantombazane. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuba umfana kungaba yimbangela ye-ADHD. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi amantombazane mancane amathuba okuthi atholakale ngoba izimpawu zawo zicashile futhi zingaphuthelwa kalula.
Izimpawu zihluke kanjani phakathi kwabafana namantombazane?
Yebo, izimpawu ze-ADHD zivame ukuhluka ngokobulili. Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu.
Abafana bavame ukubonakala ngokuxhamazela . Okusho ukuthi, bangabantu abanonya kakhulu, abaphumuli, abakwazi ukuhlala phansi, futhi benze noma yini abazizwa befuna ukuyenza (ukuphoqeleka). Yingakho bebonakala kalula njengabantu abalahliwe ekilasini nasemphakathini.
Kodwa uma amantombazane ene-ADHD, iningi lawo liba nobunzima bokunaka (Ukunganaki). Lokho kusho ukuthi athule kakhulu, awakhathazi muntu ekilasini, kodwa izingqondo zawo azikho ndawo. Ahlala elahlekile emazweni amaphupho.
Ake sibheke leli thebula ukuze siqonde lo mehluko ngokucacile.
| Izici ezivame kakhulu kubafana (Ukusebenza ngokweqile/ukungacabangi kahle) | Izici ezivamile kumantombazane (Ukunganaki) |
|---|---|
| Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Ngihlala ngidlala ngeminwe nemilenze yami. | Ukunaka kuphambukiswa kalula. Ngisho nomsindo omncane kakhulu ungaphazamisa. |
| Angikwazi ukulinda ithuba lami. Ngiyakuzonda kakhulu ukulinda emgqeni. | Ngihlala ngiphupha emini. Angikwazi ukuzwa okufundiswayo ekilasini. |
| Bavele bangene ezingxoxweni nasemidlalweni yabanye abantu. | Kunzima ukulandela imiyalelo. Uma ungitshela izinto eziningana zilandelana, ngeke ngizikhumbule. |
| Bazama ukuphendula umbuzo ngaphambi kokuba baqede nokuwubuza. | Angikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wami ngendlela ehlelekile. Ideski lami negumbi lami kuhlale kungcolile. |
| Ukugijima njalo, ukugxuma, ukukhwela ezihlalweni nasematafuleni. | Ngihlala ngikhohlwa izinto. Ngihlala ngilahlekelwa yizincwadi, amapeni, kanye namaphepha omsebenzi wesikole. |
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula nalokhu. Abanye abafana bangase bathule futhi bangalaleli, kanti abanye amantombazane bangase babe matasa ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke lezi zici azibonakali kubo bonke ngendlela efanayo.
Ungayixilonga kanjani i-ADHD ngokunembile?
Lona umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Ngoba, empeleni, bonke abantwana, ikakhulukazi besebancane, bayadideka, banenkinga yokuhlala begxile, futhi abanaso isikhathi sokunaka. Ngakho kungaba nzima ngabazali ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokudideka okuvamile kanye ne-ADHD.
Into eyinhloko ukuthi lezi zenzo zithinta kangakanani impilo yansuku zonke yengane .
- Awukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole?
- Ingabe kunzima ukuhlalisana kahle nabanye abantwana nokwenza abangane?
- Ingabe uvame ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini oyingozi?
Uma impendulo yale mibuzo ingu-'yebo', kungaba yinto engaphezu nje kokuhlekisa okulula.
Kungani amantombazane engaqashelwa kangako?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
- Ukukhula ngokushesha:Ngenxa yokuthi amantombazane akhula ngokushesha ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba kunabafana, angase athole izindlela zawo zokubhekana nokulawula lezi zimpawu.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Amantombazane nabesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nezimo ezifana nokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka kanye ne-ADHD. Uma kunjalo, udokotela angase angayiboni inkinga ye-ADHD bese elapha enye inkinga kuphela.
Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?
Uma i-ADHD ingatholakali futhi ingalashwa, ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusaseni lengane. Ingaphazamisa ukufunda, ibangele izinkinga lapho isebenza, futhi ibangele izinkinga empilweni yomndeni kanye nobudlelwano bezenhlalo .
Lokhu kungathinta kakhulu amadoda, njengoba amadoda ngokuvamile engafuni ukukhuluma ngezinkinga zawo zempilo njengabesifazane noma ukubona udokotela. Ngenxa yalokho, angase ahlupheke impilo yawo yonke ngaphandle kokuthola ukwelashwa.
Ngokuvamile, amantombazane ane-ADHD atholakala esekhulile. Abanye abantu baqaphela kuphela ukuthi bane-ADHD ngemva kokuba ingane yabo itholakale ine-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abesifazane abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi okuhlupheka ngenxa yokucindezeleka kanye nokuzethemba okuphansi kunabesilisa.
Ngakho-ke senzani? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi ingane yakho ine-ADHD, into engcono kakhulu futhi okuwukuphela kwayo ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane noma udokotela womndeni ngakho. Uzothumela ingane yakho kudokotela ochwepheshe uma kudingeka.
I-ADHD ayikwazi "ukwelashwa" ngokuphelele. Kodwa izimpawu zingalawulwa ngempumelelo enkulu. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, ingane ingaphila impilo evamile nejabulisayo.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha:
1. Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha: Le ndlela inconywa kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6. Lapha, abazali bafundiswa indlela yokuphatha ukuziphatha kwengane yabo. Isibonelo, ukudala inqubo yansuku zonke yengane, ukuyincoma uma yenza umsebenzi omuhle, nokuchaza imithetho ngokucacile.
2. Imithi kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha ndawonye: Ezinganeni ezindala, lezi zindlela ezimbili zivame ukusetshenziswa ndawonye. Imithi isiza ukulinganisela umsebenzi wobuchopho, ithuthukise isikhathi sokunaka, futhi ilawule ukungaphumuli.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Udokotela wakho nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo balapha ukuzokusiza wena nomntwana wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona iphutha lengane noma labazali. Yisimo sempilo sangempela.
- Abafana banamathuba amaningi okubonisa izici ezingasebenzi kahle, kuyilapho amantombazane enamathuba amaningi okubonisa izici zokunganaki.
- Uma ukuziphatha kabi kwengane yakho kuthinta umsebenzi wayo wesikole, ubungane, kanye nokuphila kwayo kwansuku zonke, ungakushayi indiva njengokujwayelekile.
- Uma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukwelashwa okufanele (ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye/noma imithi) kungalawula ngempumelelo izimpawu ze-ADHD futhi kuqondise ingane ukuba iphile impilo ephumelelayo.
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