Uma ungumuntu omdala one-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ), awuwedwa. Izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke ziphila nalesi simo. Siyazi ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zakho zidlala indima enkulu kulokhu. Kodwa-ke, kuye kwatholakala nokuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kokuhlukumezeka esibhekana nakho ebuntwaneni kanye ne-ADHD ebudaleni. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokujulile namuhla.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlukumezeka kobuntwana?
Kalula nje, lokhu kubhekisela ezenzakalweni ezesabekayo, ezishaqisayo, eziyingozi, noma ezisongela ukuphila esibhekana nazo ngaphambi kokuba sibe neminyaka engu-18, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Lezi ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi Okuhlangenwe Nakho Okubi Kobuntwana (ACEs) .
Lolu hlobo lokuhlukumezeka lungavela entweni ekwehlele ngqo, noma lungavela entweni oyibonayo noma oyizwayo. Cabanga nje, kuyinto eshaqisayo kakhulu enganeni ebuka inkinga ekhaya. Noma ubani angabhekana nento efana nale.
Nazi ezinye zezenzakalo ezingabangela ukuhlukumezeka ebuntwaneni:
- Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba, ngokocansi, noma ngokwengqondo kanye nokunganakwa.
- Ukubona umuntu ehlukumeza noma ehlasela umama noma uyise.
- Ukuhlala nabantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa noma abanezifo zengqondo ekhaya.
- Ukulahlekelwa abazali ngenxa yokufa noma isehlukaniso.
- Ilungu lomndeni liboshwe noma lisejele.
Lezi zinto zingathinta futhi:
- Ukukhula phakathi kobunzima obukhulu bezomnotho.
- Ukuhlala endaweni enobudlova nesiphithiphithi.
- Ukubandlululwa nokubandlululwa ngenxa yezinto ezifana nohlanga noma ubuzwe (ubandlululo noma ukubandlululwa okuhleliwe).
- Ubhekene nengozi yemoto embi kakhulu.
- Ukubhekana nesifo esisongela ukuphila.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ADHD kanye ne-Trauma Response?
I-ADHD iyisifo sokukhula kobuchopho. Kusho ukuthi kukhona ushintsho kweminye yemisebenzi yobuchopho. Nakuba ukuhlukumezeka kuyindlela yokusabela ngokomzwelo esenzakalweni esiyingozi noma esibuhlungu, zombili lezi zimo zingabangela izinkinga zokuziphatha eziqhubekayo kanye nokunaka.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abadala abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi okuthola isimo sempilo yengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) kunalabo abangenayo i-ADHD. I-PTSD yisimo sempilo yengqondo esingavela ngemva kwesigameko esibuhlungu.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-ADHD ne-PTSD kubantu abadala, njengoba izimpawu zazo zombili lezi zimo zifana.
| Izimpawu ezivamile ezibonakala ku-ADHD kanye ne-PTSD | |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokugxila | Ubunzima bokugxila entweni eyodwa. |
| Ukusabela ngokuqinile ngisho nasezigamekweni ezincane | Ngithukuthela ngokushesha futhi ngilimele ngisho nezinto ezincane kakhulu. |
| Ukungahlaliseki/ukungahlaliseki | Ubunzima bokuhlala endaweni eyodwa, uhambahamba njalo. |
| Intukuthelo engazelelwe | Intukuthelo engazelelwe, engalawuleki. |
| Izinkinga zokulala | Izinkinga ezifana nokungalali kahle nokuvuka ebuthongweni. |
| Ukuhlukana ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka | Ukuzizwa sengathi ingqondo yakho iyazulazula, njengokungathi ingqondo yakho ihambile lapho ukhona. |
Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-PTSD ngemva kokubhekana nokulimala. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi okuphambene nalokho kungaba yiqiniso. Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele lobu budlelwano.
Ingabe ukuhlukumezeka ebuntwaneni kungaholela ku-ADHD lapho umuntu esekhulile?
Yebo, ngempela. Ukulimala ebuntwaneni kungaba yimbangela enkulu yokuqhubeka kwezimpawu ze-ADHD lapho umuntu esemdala.
Izakhi zofuzo zakho, indawo ohlala kuyo, kanye nendlela ophila ngayo konke kudlala indima ekukubumbeni. Kunezinto eziningana okudingeka zihlangane ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-ADHD.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuchayeka ezinkingeni ezingapheli zobuntwana (ama-ACE) kwandisa "amazinga anobuthi okucindezeleka" emzimbeni. Lokhu akukuhle empilweni yomzimba noma yengqondo yomuntu. Kodwa kubonakala kwandisa ingozi yokuthola i-ADHD ephakathi nendawo kuya kwenzima.
Umthelela ekuthuthukisweni kobuchopho
Ubuchopho bezingane ezincane buhlala bufunda futhi buzivumelanisa nomhlaba wangaphandle. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlukumezeka kwasebuntwaneni kungashintsha indlela izingxenye zobuchopho, ikakhulukazi izakhiwo ezizwela ukucindezeleka, ezikhula ngayo. Lezi zinguquko zingaholela ezimpawini ezivamile ezibonakala ku-ADHD. Isibonelo:
- Umuzwa oqhubekayo wokwesaba noma ukungazethembi.
- Uma ubhekene nokucindezeleka, impendulo yakho ayinyamalali kalula futhi iyaqhubeka.
- Ubunzima bokulawula imizwa.
- Ubunzima bokuhlela noma ukugxila.
- Ukuntuleka kokulawula ukushukuma.
Ukubandlulula okungekuhle kwenkumbulo
Ukucindezeleka kobuntwana kungashintsha indlela obona ngayo umhlaba. Ungase ulingeke ukuba ucabange ngezinkumbulo ezimbi kunezinhle. Le micabango ingaphazamisa ukucabanga kwakho okuvamile futhi yandise izimpawu ze-ADHD njengokunganaki noma ukungasebenzi kahle.
Ukuntuleka kokusekelwa komphakathi
Akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nobunzima bobuntwana oyobhekana nalezi zinguquko ebuchosheni bakhe. Lo mphumela ungaba mkhulu kulabo abazizwa bengenalusizo. Lapho izingane zithola isivikelo nokusekelwa abazali, abangane, nezihlobo, kulula ngazo ukululama kubuhlungu obunjalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingabe i-ADHD iyandisa ingozi yokulimala ebuntwaneni?
Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyicabangele. Yebo, kungenzeka. Uma wawunezimpawu ze-ADHD useyingane, ungase ube namathuba amaningi okubhekana nezehlakalo ezibuhlungu (isib. izingozi, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo) ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Lezo zehlakalo zingase ziholele ku-ADHD lapho usukhulile.
Lokhu kungaba kanje:
- Izingane ezine-ADHD zivame ukujeziswa. Izingane ezine-ADHD zinobunzima bokulawula ukuziphatha kwazo kanye nemizwa yazo. Abantu abadala bangase bacabange ukuthi lezi zingane ziziphatha kabi ngamabomu futhi azilaleli okushiwoyo. Ngenxa yalokhu, cishe zizojeziswa ngonya nangokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba.
- Ukugwema izimpawu ze-ADHD.Ngezinye izikhathi, ukusebenza ngokweqile kwezingane kungancishiswa uma zivezwa ekulimaleni. Ngakho-ke, abantu abadala bangase baphambanise izimpawu zokunganaki njenge-ADHD. Uma zingalashwa, ubudlelwano esikoleni nasekhaya bungaphazamiseka, okungabangela ezinye izimo ezimbi (ACEs).
- Impilo yengqondo yabazali. Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kuvamile kubazali bezingane ezine-ADHD. Bangase babe ne-ADHD. Ukukhulisa izingane kanzima kungabangelwa ukucindezeleka ekhaya noma izinkinga zempilo yengqondo yabazali.
Ungaluthola kanjani usizo?
Uma uke wabhekana nokulimala useyingane, tshela udokotela wakho ngakho. Ungakufihli. Udokotela wakho angase angakubuzi ngakho kuqala. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngakho wena ngokwakho.
Cela udokotela wakho ukuthi akuthumele kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo noma kuchwepheshe wezifo zokucindezeleka ezibangelwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Bangabe sebesungula uhlelo lokwelapha olukusebenzelayo.
Umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo angakusiza ukuthi ubone futhi uphathe izimpawu zakho ezihlobene nokulimala kwakho kanye ne-ADHD. Ungadinga imithi, ukwelashwa ngengxoxo, noma kokubili.
Ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukuhlukumezeka kwabantwana zifaka:
- Imithi yokucindezeleka
- Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda Okugxile Ekulimazeni (i-CBT)
- Ukwelashwa okusekelwe ekucabangeni
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-Neurofeedback
- Ukwelashwa Kokunciphisa Ukunyakaza Kwamehlo Nokucutshungulwa Kabusha (EMDR)
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelayo ezifana nalezi zingasiza kakhulu:
- Ukwelapha ngobuciko noma ngomculo
- I-Yoga
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
- Amaqembu okusekela abantu abanokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwe-ADHD kubantu abadala kanye nezehlakalo ezibuhlungu ezenzeka ebuntwaneni.
- Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zazo zombili lezi zimo zifana kakhulu, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo kudokotela oqeqeshiwe ukuze athole lesi simo ngokunembile.
- Uma uke wabhekana nokulimala useyingane, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Kubalulekile ukuhlela ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Kokubili i-ADHD kanye nezimo zempilo yengqondo ezibangelwa ukuhlukumezeka kungaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa okufanele, njengemithi kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhuluma.
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