Ingabe uyathimula njalo uma uthinta uthuli? Noma uyaluma ngemva kokudla okuthile? Kwabanye abantu, ukuba nekhala elicijile, ikhala eligobhozayo, namehlo abomvu, alumayo kuyinto engathandeki neze. Akukho ukwelashwa okuhlala njalo kwalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-allergies. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunemithi eminingi engalawula lezi zimpawu ezicasulayo futhi ikunike impumuzo enkulu. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngemithi enikezwayo yalezi zimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
Ayini ama-antihistamine?
Ama-antihistamine yigama elivamile esilizwayo uma sikhuluma ngokungezwani komzimba. Aye asetshenziswa ukulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba iminyaka eminingi. Atholakala ngesimo samaphilisi, uketshezi, izifutho zamakhala, kanye namaconsi amehlo.
Kalula nje, uma umzimba wakho ubhekene nento ethile onayo i-allergy, njenge-dust particle, amasosha omzimba wakho asabela ngokweqile. Bese kuthi, uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi ama-mast cells lukhiphe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine. Le histamine inesibopho sayo yonke into kusukela ekulumeni kuya ekuthinimuleni, impumulo egobhozayo, kanye namehlo abomvu. Ngakho-ke, okwenziwa yilezi antihistamine ukuvimba isenzo sale khemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Izibonelo namanothi |
|---|---|
| Amaphilisi angaphumuli | Lezi manje sezisetshenziswa kabanzi. Izibonelo: I-Cetirizine, i-Loratadine, i-Fexofenadine, i-Levocetirizine. Lezi azibangeli ukozela okukhulu. |
| Amaphilisi okudambisa ubuhlungu | Le yimithi emidala. Ingakwenza ulale kakhulu, ngakho ungayithathi uma ushayela noma usebenzisa imishini. Izibonelo: I-Chlorpheniramine (Piriton), i-Diphenhydramine. |
| Amaconsi Amehlo kanye Nezifutho Zamakhala | Amaconsi amehlo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha amehlo abomvu nalumayo, kanti ama-spray asekhaleni asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinto ezifana nekhala elilumayo nokuthimula. Izibonelo: I-Ketotifen (amaconsi amehlo), i-Azelastine (i-spray yasekhaleni). |
Iyini imiphumela emibi yemithi yokulwa namagciwane?
Umphumela oyinhloko wemithi emidala ukozela . Futhi, abanye abantu bangase bangazizwa belele lapho bethatha le mithi, kodwa bangase babe nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo futhi bangase babe nesikhathi sokusabela esisheshayo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho usebenzisa le mithi.
Eminye imiphumela emibi:
- Umlomo owomile
- Umbono ofiphele kancane
- Ubunzima bokuchama
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala
Imithi yokuqeda ukuminyana
Impumulo evalekile kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula yizinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zokungezwani komzimba. Ama-decongestant awuhlobo lomuthi ongasiza ekunciphiseni lokhu. Uma une-allergy, izicubu nemithambo yegazi engaphakathi kwempumulo yakho kuyavuvukala. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvula ikhala lakho. Iza ngesimo samaphilisi, uketshezi, kanye nezifutho zamakhala.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungasebenzisi izifutho zokuvula umlomo ekhaleni (isib. i-Oxymetazoline) izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu kuya kwezine. Uma uqhubeka nokuzisebenzisa, ukuminyana kwekhala lakho kungase kube kubi kakhulu (ukuminyana kwe-rebound). Ngakho-ke landela njalo imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
Imiphumela emibi yemithi yokuqeda ukuminyana
Le mithi ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi. Ngakho-ke, ayinconywa kubantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma i-glaucoma. Ingabangela nokungalali kahle kanye nokungahlaliseki.
Imithi Ehlanganisiwe
Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube nezimpawu eziningi zokungezwani komzimba ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isibonelo, ikhala elivalekile kanye nokuthimula. Kulezi zimo, kuneziphilisi ezihlanganisa i-antihistamine kanye ne-decongestant. Izibonelo zemithi enjalo zifaka phakathi i-Cetirizine + Pseudoephedrine (Zyrtec-D) noma i-Loratadine + Pseudoephedrine (Claritin-D). Lezi zinikeza impumuzo yezimpawu eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ake sifunde ngama-Steroids / ama-Corticosteroids
Ama-steroid ayimithi ephumelela kakhulu yokulawula ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu okubangelwa yi-allergies. Alungele kakhulu impumulo evalekile, ukuthimula, kanye namakhala alumayo.
Lezi ziza ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- Izifutho Zasekhaleni : Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni ukungezwani kwamakhala. (Isibonelo: i-Fluticasone, i-Mometasone)
- Amaphilisi/Uketshezi: Anikezwa isikhathi esifushane ngenxa yezimo ezinzima zokungezwani komzimba noma izimo ezifana ne-asthma.
- Amakhrimu: Asetshenziselwa ukungezwani nesikhumba (i-contact dermatitis).
- Amaconsi Amehlo: Asetshenziselwa i-conjunctivitis ebangelwa yi-allergy.
Khumbula, ukuze uthole inzuzo enkulu emithini yama-steroid, ikakhulukazi ama-spray asekhaleni, udinga ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho, ngisho nangezinsuku lapho ungenazo izimpawu. Kungathatha isonto noma amabili ukubona imiphumela.
Izifutho zamakhala ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela ukoma noma ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane ngaphakathi kwekhala. Uma uzwa ukungakhululeki, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Eminye imithi ethile kanye nokwelashwa
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, kunezinye izinhlobo eziningana zemithi.
- Ama-Mast Cell Stabilizers: Lawa asebenza ngokuqinisa 'ama-mast cell' akhiqiza i-histamine esikhulume ngawo ngaphambilini nokuvimbela ukukhishwa kwe-histamine. I-Cromolyn sodium iyisibonelo salokhu.
- Iziguquli ze-Leukotriene: Ngesikhathi sokusabela kokungezwani komzimba, kukhiqizwa elinye ikhemikhali elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-leukotrienes', kanye ne-histamine. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela ukusebenza kwayo. I-Montelukast (Singulair) umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu walolu hlobo.
- Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezingalawuleki: Lokhu kuyindlela ehlukile yokwelapha yesikhathi eside. Kungaba usizo kakhulu kubantu abahlushwa yizifo ezingalawuleki cishe unyaka wonke. Kuhilela ukunikeza amasosha omzimba wakho umthamo omncane we-allergen, oqala ngawo bese ukhulisa kancane kancane, kungaba njengemijovo yokungezwani komzimba noma amaphilisi angaphansi kolimi. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukachwepheshe.
- Izindlela ezilula zokwelapha ezingezona ezokwelapha: Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlanza impumulo nge-saline nasal spray kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuminyana kwamakhala kanye ne-mucus. Futhi, amaconsi amehlo angewona awemithi abizwa ngokuthi izinyembezi zokwenziwa angasiza ekunciphiseni ukoma nokulunywa kwamehlo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokungezwani komzimba, hlala uthintana nodokotela ukuze ukhethe efanelana kahle nezimpawu zakho kanye nesimo sakho sempilo. Ungalokothi usebenzise imithi esetshenziswa abanye.
- Eminye imithi yokungezwani komzimba (ikakhulukazi ama-antihistamine amadala) ingabangela ukozela okukhulu.Kungase kwenzeke. Uma usebenzisa imithi enjalo, gwema ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini eyingozi.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa izifutho zokuvula umlomo ekhaleni isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu ngezifutho zekhala ze-steroid, kubalulekile ukuzisebenzisa ngendlela efanele, nsuku zonke, futhi njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engavamile ngenkathi usebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi, yeka ukuthatha umuthi ngokushesha bese wazisa udokotela wakho.
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