Wake waphawula ukuthi ingane yakho ngezinye izikhathi yenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izingane? Mhlawumbe inqikaza kancane ukwenza abangane abasha, noma mhlawumbe inenkinga encane yokuqonda ukubukeka kobuso babanye abantu. Noma mhlawumbe ikhuluma ngethoyizi elifanayo noma isihloko esifanayo (njengama-dinosaur, izitimela, imidlalo yekhompyutha) ngentshisekelo enkulu nangokungapheli. Njengomzali, kuyinto evamile ukuthi uzizwe wesaba kancane, ukhathazekile, futhi udidekile uma ubona lezi zinto. "Kungani ingane yami inguye yedwa onje?" Ungase uzibuze. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Asperger's Syndrome , esingabonisa lezi zimpawu, kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ngaso.
Iyini ngempela i-Asperger's?
Kalula nje, i-Asperger's Syndrome yisimo esiwela ngaphansi kwesigaba esibanzi sezinkinga ze-autism spectrum . Ngokwezokwelapha, siyibiza ngokuthi i-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Nakuba i-Asperger's yayibhekwa njengesimo esihlukile ngaphambilini, kusukela ngo-2013 iphinde yahlukaniswa ngaphansi kwesambulela esikhulu se-ASD.
Kubizwa ngokuthi "i-spectrum" ngesizathu esithile. Cabanga ngothingo lwenkosazana. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemibala, kodwa awukwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi umbala owodwa uphela kuphi kanti omunye uqala kuphi, akunjalo? Kunjalo nange-ASD. Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo ofanayo. Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezincane kakhulu, kanti abanye banezimpawu ezingaphezulu.
Kodwa into ekhethekile nge-Asperger's ukuthi iwuhlobo oluncane lwe-ASD spectrum. Laba bantwana ngokuvamile ababonisi ukubambezeleka kolimi noma amakhono obuhlakani. Eqinisweni, ngezinye izikhathi izinga labo lobuhlakani lingaba phezulu kunesilinganiso. Yingakho abanye abantu bebona lo mntwana njengomntwana ojwayelekile oziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kancane (ingane ye -Neurotypical ).
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu, ngoba uma kunjalo singanikeza ingane ukwesekwa kanye nokwelashwa ekudingayo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Asperger's?
I-Asperger's syndrome iziveza ngendlela ehlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Kodwa kunezici ezithile ezivamile. Izingane ezinalesi simo zinamakhono akhethekile kwezinye izinto, futhi zibhekana nezinselele kwezinye izinto. Ake sibheke kokubili.
| Amakhono Akhethekile Namandla (Izimpahla Ezingaba Khona) | Ubunzima Nezinselele Ezingaba Khona |
|---|---|
| Ikhono elimangalisayo lokugxila entweni eyodwa kanye nokuphikelela. | Ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni, imisindo emikhulu, ukunambitheka okuthile namaphunga athile. |
| Ukuba namakhono amahle kakhulu ekuboneni amaphethini ahlukahlukene. | Ubunzima bokuqonda nokulandela ukugeleza kwengxoxo. |
| Ukunaka kakhulu ngisho nasemininingwaneni emincane kakhulu yendaba. | Ubunzima bokuqonda amakhono okuxhumana angasho lutho njengokushukuma komzimba kanye nokubonakaliswa kobuso. |
| Ukuba nolwazi olujulile kanye nenkumbulo ngesihloko esithakazelisayo. | Ukuxhumana emehlweni kulinganiselwe noma akuzizwa kahle lapho ukhuluma. |
| Ngokuvamile kuthembekile kakhulu futhi kuqondile . | Ukubambezeleka okuncane noma ukungakhululeki kwamakhono okunyakaza. |
| Ukuzimisela ukusebenza ngokwesimiso nemithetho ebekiwe . | Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ubhekane nezimo ezinjengokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka. |
Izintshisekelo ezikhethekile kanye nemikhuba
Lezi zingane zingase zibe nesithakazelo esingavamile esihlokweni esisodwa, njengesikhala, umlando, noma umdlalo wevidiyo. Zizokhuluma ngakho amahora amaningi. Zivame futhi ukuzwela kakhulu ezinguqukweni zesimiso.Abathandi nhlobo ukushintsha imikhuba yabo. Bathanda ukuya esikoleni ngendlela efanayo nsuku zonke, badle ukudla okufanayo, futhi basebenze ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lo mkhuba uzwakala sengathi uyabavikela. Bangacasuka kakhulu uma ushintsha.
Ngingaluthola kanjani ukwelashwa nokusekelwa kulokhu?
Uma usola kancane ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukungesabi bese ukhuluma nochwepheshe ngakho.
Ukuhlonza lesi simo kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekusaseni lengane. Izingane ezithola ukwesekwa okudingekayo zisencane zinethuba elingcono kakhulu lokuphumelela esikoleni kanye nasekufundeni okuzimele kamuva.
Uma ubona udokotela womndeni wakho (GP), uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe, njengodokotela wezingane, udokotela wezifo zengqondo, noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo .
Ngenxa yokuthi ingane ngayinye ene-Asperger's ihlukile, uhlelo lokwelashwa luzohluka kusuka kwengane eyodwa kuya kwenye. Ukwelashwa kulungiselelwe izidingo zengane. Lokhu kungabandakanya okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kwelashwa okulandelayo:
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu: Ukuqeqeshwa kokuthi ungakhuluma kanjani nabanye, wenze abangane, futhi usebenze njengeqembu.
- Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ufunde ukuphatha imizwa efana nokukhathazeka nokukhungatheka nokubhekana nezimo ezinzima.
- Imfundo yabazali: Abazali baqondiswa ukuthi bangayiqonda kanjani futhi bayisize kanjani ingane yabo kangcono.
- Ukwelapha ngenkulumo nolimi: Kusiza ekuthuthukiseni izinto ezifana nengxoxo ethinta abantu ababili.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kusiza ekuphatheni izinto ezifana nokungezwani komzimba futhi kwenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula.
- Imithi: Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase anikeze imithi yokulawula ezinye izimo ezihlobene, njengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.
Iseluleko esincane sabazali
Ukunakekela ingane enje kungaba yinselele ngezinye izikhathi. Kudinga isineke esikhulu, uthando, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokuqonda. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingakusiza:
- Ungayifihli ingane yakho emphakathini noma uyivikele ngokweqile. Mvumele abhekane nezimo zomphakathi. Bazokwenza amaphutha futhi bazizwe bengakhululekile, kodwa bazofunda kuwo.
- Yazisa ubuhlakani babo, izinto abazithandayo ezikhethekile, amahlaya, kanye namandla abo. Gubha izimfanelo ezibenza bahluke kwabanye futhi ubenze babe ngabakhethekile.
- Esikhundleni sokujezisa ngokushesha lapho kuvela inkinga, zama ukudambisa isimo. Zama ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ingane ithukuthele.
- Nikeza impendulo eyakhayo noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Uma enza into enhle noma eziphatha kahle, mtshele. Lokhu kuzomnika amandla amaningi okwenza lezo zinto futhi.
- Sebenzisana nengane yakho ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana. Mfundise izinto ezifana nendlela yokukhuluma nokuthi angaziqonda kanjani izinto ngokusebenzisa izimpawu zomzimba (ukuxhumana okungenazwi) ngendlela elula nenothando.
Lolu hambo akulona okufanele uludlule wedwa. Kunabantu abangakusiza futhi bakusekele. Ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho uthole ngamaqembu okusekela abazali noma ezinye izinsiza ezitholakala eSri Lanka. Ukuqwashisa kungamandla amakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Asperger's Syndrome uhlobo oluncane lwe-autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Akuyona inkinga yokukhubazeka kwengqondo noma ukugula kwengqondo.
- Izici eziyinhloko yizinselele ebudlelwaneni bezenhlalo kanye nesithakazelo esijulile nesinentshisekelo esijulile esihlokweni esithile.
- Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokwesaba. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuholela ethubeni elingcono lokuphumelela kwengane yakho.
- Ukwelashwa kuwumzamo weqembu ohlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT), kanye nokusekelwa kwabazali.
- Yazisa ukungafani kwengane yakho kanye namakhono ayo akhethekile. Yisekele ngesineke, ngothando, nangokuqonda.
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