Wake wasibona isimemezelo kuthelevishini, ephephandabeni, noma ngenkathi uhamba emgwaqweni mayelana "nesidingo esiphuthumayo segazi"? Mhlawumbe uke wabona ikamu lokunikela ngegazi ethempelini lendawo yakho, esontweni, noma ehholo lomphakathi. Ukunikela ngegazi kuyinto enhle ngempela. Kuyithuba elibalulekile kithi lokusindisa impilo yomunye umuntu ngaphandle kwezindleko. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokho okudingeka ukwazi ngokunikela ngegazi.
Kusho ukuthini ngempela ukunikela ngegazi?
Kalula nje, ukunikela ngegazi kwenzeka lapho umuntu ophilile enikela ngokuzithandela ingxenye yegazi lakhe esigulini esidinga usizo. Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwezempilo, hhayi ezweni lethu kuphela, kodwa nasemhlabeni wonke.
Cabanga ngomuntu oye wehlelwa yingozi enkulu futhi opha kakhulu, ingane enomdlavuza, umuntu ohlinzwa kakhulu, noma umama onenkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Bonke laba bantu badinga igazi ukuze baphile. Abukho ubuchwepheshe okwamanje bokwenza igazi ngokwenziwa ngaphandle kwemizimba yethu. Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo ukuthi abantu abaphilile njengathi banikele ngegazi.
Ngokuvamile, iphayinti legazi lithathwa kuwe ngesikhathi. Lokho kungaba amamililitha angu-450. Umuntu omdala onempilo unamaphayinti angu-10-12 egazi emzimbeni wakhe. Ngakho-ke lo mnikelo uyinani elincane elingeke lilimaze umzimba wakho. Umzimba wethu ungavuselela lelo nani legazi zingakapheli amasonto angu-4-6.
Kwenzekani egazini esilinikelayo?
Ubuwazi ukuthi iphayinti elilodwa legazi olinikelayo lingasindisa impilo efinyelela kwabathathu? Ukwazi kanjani lokho? Igazi olinikelayo lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezine eziyinhloko elabhorethri. Lezi zingxenye zibe sezinikezwa isiguli ngasinye ngokwehlukana, kuye ngezidingo zaso.
| Ingxenye yegazi | Izimo zokusetshenziswa |
|---|---|
| Amaseli Egazi Abomvu | Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukuthutha umoya-mpilo emzimbeni. Zinikezwa abantu abane-anemia, noma labo abalahlekelwe igazi eliningi ngenxa yezingozi noma ukuhlinzwa. |
| I-Plasma | Ingxenye yegazi ewuketshezi. Inikezwa iziguli ezinokusha okukhulu, izifo zesibindi, kanye nezifo ezinzima. |
| Ama-platelet | Laba bafana namasosha amancane ayeka ukopha lapho imizimba yethu ilimele. Babalulekile ezifweni ezifana ne-dengue, ekwelashweni komdlavuza, kanye nasekufakelweni kwezitho zomzimba. |
| I-AHF ekhiqizwe kabusha | Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lweprotheni olusiza ekujiyeni kwegazi. Lokhu kunikezwa iziguli ezinezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, njenge-hemophilia. |
Ubani onganikela ngegazi? Yiziphi izimfanelo?
Awudingi ziqu ezikhethekile ukuze unikele ngegazi. Into eyinhloko ukuba nempilo enhle . Kuneziqu eziyisisekelo okudingeka uzihlangabezane nazo ukuze uphephe futhi uvikele isiguli esithola igazi.
- Ubudala: Kumelwe ube phakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 nengama-60 ubudala.
- Isisindo: Kumelwe sibe ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-50.
- Impilo enhle: Kufanele ube nempilo enhle, ungabi nezifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane .
- Izinga le-hemoglobin: Lokhu kuhlolwa ngesampula encane yegazi ethathwe esicongweni somunwe wakho ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi. Kufanele libe sezingeni elifanele.
Yiziphi izimo lapho ungase ungakwazi ukunikela ngegazi?
Ezinye izimo zempilo nezizathu zingakuvimbela ekunikeleni ngegazi okwesikhashana noma unomphela. Le mithetho iyasebenza ukuze ivikele wena kanye nesiguli esithola igazi.
| Isimo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimo lapho ukunikela ngegazi kungenzeki okwesikhashana | |
| Eminye imithi | Yazisa abasebenzi esikhungweni sokunikela ngegazi ngemithi oyiphuzayo. |
| Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa | Awukwazi ukunikela ngegazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nesikhathi esithile ngemva kokubeletha. |
| Njengoba ngisanda kuhlinzwa | Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka ulinde isikhathi esithile. |
| Ukudweba i-tattoo / Ukubhoboza Indlebe | Uma kwenziwa endaweni ehlanzekile nephephile, kufanele kuhlale phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3-6. |
| Ukuya ezweni elisengozini yokuhlaselwa yi-malaria | Uma uke waya ezweni elinjalo, awukwazi ukunikela ngegazi isikhathi esithile. |
| Izimo lapho ukunikela ngegazi kungenzeki unomphela | |
| I-HIV/AIDS | Uma lesi simo sikhona, igazi alikwazi ukunikelwa. |
| Ezinye izinhlobo ze-hepatitis (i-Hepatitis B, C) | Uma unalezi zifo, awukwazi ukunikela ngegazi. |
| Umdlavuza ohlobene negazi | Umdlavuza ofana ne-leukemia kanye ne-lymphoma. |
Ingabe umuntu onesifo sikashukela anganikela ngegazi?
Yebo. Uma isifo sakho sikashukela silawulwa kahle ngemithi noma nge-insulin, futhi ungenazo ezinye izinkinga, unganikela ngegazi. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese wazisa udokotela esikhungweni sokunikela ngegazi.
Awukwazi yini ukunikela ngegazi uma une-tattoo?
Ukuba ne-tattoo akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukunikela ngegazi. Kodwa-ke, uma wenze i-tattoo yakho endaweni ehloniphekile esebenzisa imishini ehlanzekile, ehlanziwe, ungavame ukunikela ngegazi ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-3-6. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuhlola izifo ezithwalwa igazi njenge-hepatitis.
Isebenza kanjani inqubo yokunikela ngegazi?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu, kuthatha cishe imizuzu eyi-10-15. Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe ihora.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Yonke imishini (inaliti, ipayipi) esetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokunikela ngegazi intsha sha futhi ihlanjululwe. Isetshenziswa kanye bese ilahlwa. Ngakho-ke akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthola noma yisiphi isifo.
1. Ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi
Uma uya esikhungweni sokunikela ngegazi, uzoqala ngokubhalisa imininingwane yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho uzocelwa ukuthi ugcwalise ifomu elikubuza imibuzo embalwa mayelana nempilo yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uphendule le mibuzo ngokwethembeka. Ngemuva kwalokho, umhlengikazi noma uchwepheshe uzohlola izinga lokushisa kwakho, umfutho wegazi , kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo . Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kuzothathwa iconsi elincane legazi esihlokweni somunwe wakho bese kuhlolwa izinga le-hemoglobin yakho.
2. Ngesikhathi unikela ngegazi
Uzohlaliswa/uhlaliswe esihlalweni noma embhedeni okhululekile. Umhlengikazi uzokhetha umthambo eduze kwendololwane yakho bese ehlanza indawo kahle ngomuthi wokulwa namagciwane. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzofakwa inaliti. Uzozwa ukugwazwa okuncane kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho igazi lizoqala ukuqongelela esikhwameni segazi. Lokhu kuzothatha cishe imizuzu engu-8-10.
3. Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi
Uma igazi selikhishiwe, kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Uzonikezwa okuthile kokudla, njengebhisikidi, kanye nesiphuzo. Kubalulekile ukuphumula cishe imizuzu eyi-15. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi uzizwa unesiyezi yini. Ngemva kwalokho, ungaya ekhaya. Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ugweme umsebenzi onzima usuku lonke, uphuze amanzi amaningi, futhi uhlale uphumule.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi ngemva kokunikela ngegazi?
Iningi labantu alizizwa lingakhululekile. Kodwa abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benesiyezi noma bekhathele. Yingakho bethi phumula imizuzu eyi-15. Futhi, indawo lapho inaliti ifakwe khona ingase ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancane, okuzophola ngokwayo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Uma ungumnikeli wegazi njalo, kungumqondo omuhle ukubheka amazinga akho e-iron . Ungakhuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho ngalokhu bese uthatha isithasiselo se-iron uma kudingeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukunikela ngegazi kuyisenzo esihle nesiphephile esingasindisa izimpilo.
- Ngephayinti elilodwa nje legazi onikela ngalo, ungasindisa izimpilo ezifika kwezintathu.
- Noma ubani oneminyaka ephakathi kuka-18-60, onesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-50, futhi onempilo enhle anganikela ngegazi.
- Ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi, phuza amanzi amaningi bese udla ukudla okunomsoco okucebile nge-iron.
- Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi, phumula imizuzu eyi-15 futhi ugweme umsebenzi onzima emini.
- Uma unezinkinga zempilo noma ungaqiniseki ngemithi oyiphuzayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma udokotela esikhungweni sokunikela ngegazi ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi.
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