Uke wezwa ngephaphu eliwile? (I-Pneumothorax/Iphaphu Eliwile) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Wake wezwa ngephaphu eliwa ngokuzumayo? Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuphefumula futhi kubangele ubuhlungu esifubeni. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi “i-pneumothorax” noma “iphaphu eliwa ” ngokwezokwelapha. Empeleni akuyona into engavamile njengoba ungase ucabange. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu. Ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe futhi namuhla, akunjalo?

Kuyini i-pneumothorax? Kalula nje…

Kalula nje, i-pneumothorax ukuqongelela komoya esikhaleni esiphakathi kwamaphaphu akho nodonga lwesifuba sakho (olubizwa ngokuthi “isikhala se-pleural”) . Cabanga ngamaphaphu akho njengebhaluni. Isikhala se-pleural yisikhala esincane esiphakathi kwebhaluni nebhokisi elibamba ibhaluni. Ngokuvamile, akukho moya omningi kulesi sikhala. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sikhala se-pleural ngandlela-thile sigcwala umoya, umoya ucindezela amaphaphu. Kufana nokufaka ibhaluni emoyeni bese ulibangela ukuba liphume umoya. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amaphaphu awe ngokuphelele noma kancane. Abanye abantu babiza lokhu ngokuthi “iphaphu elibhoboziwe.”

Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-pneumothorax ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Uma uzizwa sengathi amaphaphu akho ayawa, kufanele uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze nawe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-pneumothorax?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-pneumothorax: Okuzenzekelayo kanye Nokuhlukumezeka . Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi.

1. I-Pneumothorax Ezenzakalelayo

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaphaphu ewa ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokulimala noma ingozi. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo zalokhu:

• I-pneumothorax eyinhloko ezenzakalelayo: Kulokhu, akukho sifo noma isimo esibangela ukuthi amaphaphu awe. Ngezinye izikhathi amasaka amancane omoya angajwayelekile (ama-blebs ) emaphashini angaqhuma futhi umoya ungangena esikhaleni se-pleural. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kubantu besilisa abade, abancane, abasebasha.
• I-pneumothorax yesibili ezenzakalelayo: Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yesifo samaphaphu . Isibonelo, ezinye izifo zamaphaphu zingabangela ukuthi izingxenye zamaphaphu zivimbeke, zakhe amasaka afana nebhaluni (ama-bullae) angaqhuma.

2. I-Pneumothorax Ebuhlungu

Njengoba igama lisho, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala noma ukwelashwa.

• UkulimalaI-pneumothorax ehlobene nokulimala: Lesi simo singabangelwa ukulimala esifubeni, njengokuphuka kombambo engozini yemoto, ukubhoboka kwephaphu, noma inxeba lokugwazwa.
• I-pneumothorax ye-Iatrogenic: Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi senqubo yezokwelapha, njengokuthatha isampula encane yamaphaphu ukuze ihlolwe ( i -biopsy yamaphaphu ) noma ukufaka ithubhu emthanjeni omkhulu entanyeni (umugqa ophakathi wemithambo yegazi), amaphaphu angalimala ngokungahlosile.

Kunezinye izinhlobo ezithile ze-pneumothorax:

• I-Tension pneumothorax: Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo . Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi umoya ungena esikhaleni se-pleural, kodwa ayikho indlela yokuphuma. Kufana ne-valve eqonde ngqo. Ngemuva kwalokho ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwesifuba iyanda kakhulu , hhayi nje kuphela ebangela ukuthi amaphaphu awe kakhulu, kodwa futhi ibeka ingcindezi enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi emikhulu. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni.
• I-Catamenial pneumothorax: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Singenzeka kwabesifazane abanesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-endometriosis (ukukhula kwezicubu ze-endometrial ngaphandle kwesibeletho). Lesi zicubu zingakhula esikhaleni se-pleural, zophe ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, futhi zicindezele amaphaphu.

Iphaphu eliwile liyingozi kangakanani?

Ubunzima balokhu buxhomeke embangela nokuthi iphaphu liwile kangakanani. Amanye amacala amancane awabi bucayi futhi angase axazululeke ngokwawo. Kodwa amanye, ikakhulukazi i-tension pneumothorax , yizimo ezibucayi ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Udokotela angakutshela ngqo ukuthi iphaphu lakho liwile kangakanani nokuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa oludingekayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-pneumothorax?

Uma iphaphu liwa, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu ohlangothini olulodwa lwesifuba , ikakhulukazi uma uphefumula.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo .
• Isilinganiso senhliziyo siyanda.
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula ("ukuphelelwa umoya").
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho ( “i-cyanosis” ) – Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, hamba esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.Kungadingeka ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo .

Ziyini izimbangela ze-pneumothorax?

Kunezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko: izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, ukulimala, kanye nezici ezithile zendlela yokuphila.

Izimo zezokwelapha:

• Isifuba somoya
• Inyumoniya
• I-COPD (Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi se-collagen
• I-cystic fibrosis
• I-Emphysema
• I-Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• I-Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
• Isifo sofuba
• I-Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS )

Ukulimala:

• Ukulimala ngamandla angenangqondo esifubeni.
• Ukudubulana.
• Ukulimala okubangelwa yisikhali esibukhali, njengenxeba lokugwazwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngezokwelapha, isibonelo, ukuvimba kwemizwa , i-biopsy yamaphaphu , ukubekwa komugqa wemithambo ephakathi , noma ukuphefumula okwenziwe ngomshini .

Izici Zendlela Yokuphila:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi izidakamizwa eziphefumulayo.
• Ukubhema.
• Izinguquko ezinkulu zomfutho womoya ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngendiza.
• Ukuntywila nge-scuba noma ulwandle olujulile.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalesi simo?

Ungase ube namathuba amaningi okuthola i-pneumothorax uma:

• Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-pneumothorax ngaphambili (umlando womndeni).
• Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Uma unomzimba omude nowomzimba omncane, ikakhulukazi uma uyindoda.
• Uma unezifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo njenge- Marfan syndrome .
• Uma une -endometriosis .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuwa kwamaphaphu?

Nakuba izimo eziningi zokuwa kwamaphaphu ziphela ngaphandle kwezinkinga, abanye abantu bangaba nezinkinga ezinkulu. Lezi zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu okwanda kabusha .
• Ukulimala kwamaphaphu noma ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula .
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo (Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo).

I-pneumothorax itholakala kanjani?

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga lokhu ngokulalela amaphaphu akho nokusebenzisa izivivinyo zezithombe ezifana ne -X-ray yesifuba , i-CT scans ( i-computed tomography scans ), noma i-lung ultrasound . Ngezinye izikhathi bangase benze nokuhlolwa "kwegesi yegazi lemithambo yegazi" ukuhlola amazinga e-oxygen kanye ne-carbon dioxide egazini lakho.

Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngezinkinga zamaphaphu akho bese enza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ezinye izinhlobo, njenge-tension pneumothorax, zingatholakala ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zodwa.

Iphathwa kanjani i-pneumothorax?

Ukwelashwa okutholayo kuzoncika embangela, usayizi, kanye nobunzima be-pneumothorax. Lokhu kwelashwa kungafaka:

• Ukuqaphela: Uma i-pneumothorax yakho incane, udokotela wakho uzokubheka, efuna noma yiziphi izinkinga zenhliziyo noma zokuphefumula, futhi uzokucela ukuthi ubuye uzobona udokotela wakho.
• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen.
• I-Thoracentesis: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inaliti yesikhashana phakathi kwezimbambo ohlangothini lwe-pneumothorax ukuze kususwe umoya oqongeleleke esifubeni.
• Ukugeleza kwamanzi epayipini lesifuba: Uma une-pneumothorax enkulu, udokotela wakho uzofaka ipayipi ( ipayipi lesifuba ) esifubeni sakho ukuze anciphise inani lomoya esikhaleni se-pleural. Njengoba umfutho womoya wehla, amaphaphu angaphinde avuvuke futhi aphulukise. Leli payipi lingashiywa endaweni yalo izinsuku eziningana noma ngaphezulu.
• I-pleurodesis yamakhemikhali: Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi iphaphu lingaphinde liwe, udokotela angenza inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-pleurodesis . Kule nqubo, udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane esifubeni bese efaka ipayipi. Ngemuva kwalokho, esebenzisa ikhemikhali (njenge- doxycycline noma i-talcum powder) , iphaphu lixhunywe esifubeni. Lokhu kususa isikhala esengeziwe.

Abanye abantu bangadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe umonakalo emaphashini abo futhi baphulukiswe. Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma umoya uqhubeka nokuvuza usuka epayipini lesifuba.
• Uma amaphaphu engavuvukali ngisho nangemva kokufakwa kwepayipi lesifuba.
• Uma amaphaphu efinyela ngokuphindaphindiwe.
• Uma kukhona i-pneumothorax kuwo womabili amaphaphu.
• Uma amaphaphu elimele kakhulu.

Ingabe i-pneumothorax ingavinjelwa?

Ungenza lezi zinto ukunciphisa ingozi yokuwa kwamaphaphu:

• Ungabhemi. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
• Gwema noma unciphise imisebenzi ehilela izinguquko ezinkulu ekucindezelweni komoya (njengokuntywila olwandle olujulile, ukuhamba emoyeni). Uma wenza lezi zinto, landela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
• Uma unezifo zamaphaphu, bona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze aziqaphele.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma umlando womndeni we-pneumothorax, kungase kungenzeki ukuyivimbela.

Yini ongayilindela uma une-pneumothorax?

Uma unephaphu eliwile, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa noma ngaphezulu ukuze uthole ukwelashwa nokubhekwa. Udokotela wakho angabe eseqapha isimo sakho futhi akunike umoya-mpilo uma kudingeka.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi iphaphu liphole?

Ezimweni eziningi, amaphaphu angaphola phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili. Umzimba wakho uzophinde umunce umoya owengeziwe oqoqene emaphashini, okuwenza aphinde avuvuke.

Ingabe amaphaphu angaphola ngokuphelele?

Iningi labantu liyalulama kulesi simo ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunethuba lokuthi sizophinde sibuye. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngamathuba okuphinda sibuye nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma izimpawu zibuya.

Ingabe i-pneumothorax iyingozi empilweni?

Amanye amacala e-pneumothorax angaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi uthathe iphaphu eliwile kalula. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha njalo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Ngemva kokubuya ekhaya uvela esibhedlela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinakekela njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshela. Bangase bakutshele ukuthi uphumule, unciphise noma uyeke imisebenzi ethile. Isibonelo:

• Ukubhema.
• Izindiza.
• Ukuntywila olwandle olujulile.

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, qiniseka ukuthi uya kudokotela nsuku zonke ezihleliwe.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Bona udokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho zibuya noma ziba zimbi kakhulu. Uma uke waba ne-pneumothorax ngaphambili, usengozini yokuthola enye.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU)?

Uma unezimpawu zephaphu eliwile (njengobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula), iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yini ebangela ukuthi amaphaphu ami anciphe?
• Ingabe kukhona engingakwenza ukuvimbela iphaphu ukuthi lingaphinde linciphe?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Uma kufanele ngifakwe ipayipi lesifuba, lizohlala isikhathi esingakanani ngaphakathi?
• Ingabe ngizodinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngihlale esibhedlela?
• Hlobo luni lokunakekelwa engizodinga ngemva kokwelashwa?
• Hlobo luni lokunakekelwa engizoludinga ngemva kokuphuma esibhedlela noma emtholampilo?
• Yini okungafanele ngiyenze ngemva kokwelashwa?

Okokugcina, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ezimweni eziningi, i-pneumothorax ingelapheka ngokwelashwa okuncane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke,Noma yikuphi ukuwa kwamaphaphu kufanele kuphathwe njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha uze wazi okwengeziwe ngakho. Uma unezimpawu zokuwa kwamaphaphu, njengobuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angakunqumela ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu. Ungesabi, kodwa ungalibali futhi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.