Ingabe ukhona umuntu osekhulile emndenini wakho, mhlawumbe umama wakho, ubaba, noma ugogo wakho, okhohlwa izinto ngokuzumayo, ashintshe ukuziphatha kwakhe lapho emi, ngezinye izikhathi akhulume ngezinto ezingekho, njengokuthi “Ubani okhona lapho?” Ingabe unenkinga yokuhamba kancane? Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungase kungabi ukuguga okuvamile njengoba sicabanga. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo esikhethekile esingadala izimpawu ezinjalo, esibizwa ngokuthi ‘ i-Dementia ’ noma i-Lewy Body Dementia , esiyingxenye yesigaba ‘se-Memory Loss Diseases’.
Kuyini i-Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) kalula?
Kalula nje, i-LBD uhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lwe-dementia ngemva kwesifo i -Alzheimer 's. Ngokuvamile ithinta abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaqoqo amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi “ama-Lewy bodies” akha ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana ethu obuchopho . Lolu hlobo lwephrotheni lubizwa ngokuthi i-alpha-synuclein. Lapho la maqoqo eqoqana ebuchosheni, aphazamisa ukusebenza kobuchopho okuvamile, ikakhulukazi inkumbulo yethu, ukunyakaza, ikhono lokucabanga, imizwa, kanye nokuziphatha .
Lezi zidumbu zikaLewy ziphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali amabili abalulekile ebuchosheni.
1. I-Acetylcholine: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhumbuleni nasekufundeni kwethu.
2. I-Dopamine : Lokhu kulawula ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu, imizwa , kanye nokulala.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-LBD. Eyodwa 'yi -Dementia enemizimba ye-Lewy' kanti enye 'yi- Parkinson 's disease dementia'. Kunomehluko omncane ngokulandelana kwezimpawu.
Lokhu kuhluke kanjani ezifweni ze-Alzheimer's kanye ne-Parkinson's?
Abantu abaningi bayadida lezi zimo ezintathu ngoba izimpawu zazo zifana kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwazo. Ukwazi lokhu kubalulekile ekuxilongeni lesi sifo nasekutholeni ukwelashwa okufanele.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Indlela izinkinga zenkumbulo nezinkinga zokunyakaza ezenzeka ngayo | Ezinye izici ezikhethekile |
|---|---|---|
| I-Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) | Ngokuvamile, izinkinga zokunyakaza (ubunzima bokuhamba, ukuthuthumela) nezinkinga zenkumbulo (ukukhohlwa) zenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo noma phakathi nonyaka. | Ukubona izinto ezingekho engqondweni kungenzeka ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo. Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kokulala kwe-REM kuvamile. Amakhono okunaka nokucabanga ayashintshashintsha usuku lonke (ngezinye izikhathi kuhle kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadida kakhulu). |
| Isifo sika-Alzheimer | Kuqala ngezinkinga zenkumbulo (ikakhulukazi inkumbulo yesikhashana). Izinkinga zokunyakaza zenzeka ezigabeni zakamuva zesifo. | Ukungaboni kahle kuvame ukubonakala lapho isifo sesiqhubeke kakhulu, okungukuthi, ezigabeni zokugcina. |
| Isifo sikaParkinson | Kuqala ngezinkinga zokunyakaza (ukuthuthumela, ukuqina kwemisipha). Izinkinga zenkumbulo (i-dementia) zivela kamuva kakhulu kulesi sifo, noma zingase zingabi khona. | Kuthinta kakhulu ukunyakaza. Uma kwenzeka i-dementia, ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Parkinson's disease dementia'. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, imithi enikezwa lezi zimo nayo ihlukile, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa okunembile kubaluleke kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-LBD?
Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani abanye abantu bakha imizimba kaLewy ebuchosheni babo, kodwa sebethole izici eziningana eziyingozi ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu.
- Ubudala: Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala kuyisici esiyinhloko esiyingozi.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha:Ukuba nezimo ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson noma isifo sokuziphatha sokulala se-REM.
- Umlando womndeni: Nakuba lokhu kungabhekwa njengesifo esizuzwe njengefa, uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-LBD, ingozi yakho yokuba nayo iyanda kancane.
- Ubulili: Amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo kunabesifazane.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-LBD?
Akuzona zonke iziguli eziba nezimpawu ezifanayo. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zibe zincane, kanti ezinye zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Izimpawu zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine.
| Isigaba sezici | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela Emakhono Okucabanga | Ubunzima bokwenza izinqumo, ubunzima bokwahlulela ibanga, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukubheka indawo eyodwa, ukubona izinto ezingekho (ukungaboni kahle), ukudideka ngesikhathi nendawo. |
| Ukunyakaza | Ukushukuma kwezinyawo ngenkathi uhamba, ukuqina komzimba, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi nokuwa, ukuthuthumela, ukuma okugobile phambili, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukwehla kokubukeka kobuso, kanye nezwi elibuthakathaka. |
| Imiphumela ekulaleni | Ukulingisa amaphupho ebuthongweni (isib. ukuklabalasa, ukugoba izitho, ukuwa embhedeni), ukozela ngokweqile emini, ukuqwasha, kanye nesidingo sokunyakaza imilenze (i-restless legs syndrome). |
| Imiphumela Emoyeni Nasekuziphatheni | Ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukungahlaliseki, ukwesaba, ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo ngokuzumayo, ukuhleka noma ukukhala okungalawuleki (ithonya le-pseudobulbar). |
Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-LBD?
Ukubona izinto ezingekho njalo (imibono engaqondakali)Ukungaboni kahle kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala esenzeka cishe ku-80% weziguli ezine-LBD. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zibona izinto, njengezilwane, abantu, kanye nezimo, ezingekho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko emakhonweni okucabanga, ukukhohlwa, kanye nezinkinga zokulala nazo zingabonakala ezigabeni zokuqala.
Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-LBD?
I-LBD ayikwazi ukuxilongwa ngokuhlolwa okukodwa. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zayo zifana nezinye izinhlobo ze-dementia, kungaba nzima ukuyixilonga, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngakho udokotela uzokhipha ezinye izimo ezibangela izimpawu ezifanayo.
Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo eziningana, njenge:
- Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nengxoxo ejulile ngezimpawu zakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwemizwa: Ukuhlola ukusabela kwakho, amandla, ibhalansi, ukuhamba, kanye nokunyakaza kwamehlo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukungalingani kwamazinga ama-hormone noma amavithamini.
- Ukuskena kobuchopho: Ukuskena kwe-CT noma i-MRI kungabheka izinguquko ezihlobene nezinye izinhlobo ze-dementia. Ukuskena okukhethekile njenge-PET noma i-SPECT nakho kungenziwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kokulala: Hlola izinkinga zokulala ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kokulala kwe-REM.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-LBD?
Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa kwe-LBD. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi zenze impilo ibe lula .
- Imithi:
- Imithi efana ne-`donepezil (Aricept)` kanye ne-`rivastigmine (Exelon)`, enikezwa iziguli ze-Alzheimer's ngenxa yezinkinga zokucabanga kanye nenkumbulo.
- Imithi efana ne-levodopa yezinkinga zokunyakaza (ukuthuthumela, ukuqina).
- Imithi efana ne-melatonin noma i-clonazepam (Klonopin) yezinkinga zokulala.
- Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha:
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Ukuzivocavoca ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza kanye nokulinganisela.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Ukufunda ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke kalula.
- Ukwelulekwa: Ukuphatha izinkinga zengqondo ezifana nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Eminye imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zengqondo ingaba nemiphumela emibi kubantu abane-LBD. Lokhu kungenza izimpawu (ikakhulukazi ukubona izinto ezingekho nezinkinga zokunyakaza) zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ungasebenzisi noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Iseluleko somuntu ohlala ne-LBD kanye nabanakekeli bakhe
Ukuphila ne-LBD kuyinselele kokubili isiguli kanye nabanakekeli baso, kodwa ngokuhlela nokusekela okufanele, uhambo lungenziwa lube lula.
- Cabanga ngokuphepha: Susa izithiyo ezingakubangela ukuba uwe endlini. Faka imigoqo yokubamba endlini yokugezela.
- Thola ukwesekwa: Khuluma nomndeni nabangane ngalokhu. Thola usizo lwabo. Umnakekeli naye udinga ukuphumula.
- Hlela kusenesikhathi: Hlela amalungiselelo ezomthetho nawezezimali kusenesikhathi ngokwezifiso zesiguli.
- Jabula: Cela isiguli sihlanganyele ezintweni ezisenza sijabule futhi sizijabulele (njengokulalela umculo, ukudweba, njll.).
Isilinganiso sokuphila kwe-LBD siyiminyaka engu-7-8 ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu, kodwa lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngokunakekelwa nokwelashwa okuhle, ezinye iziguli zingaphila iminyaka efinyelela kwengu-20.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Lewy body dementia (LBD) yisimo esibangelwa ukugcinwa kwamaprotheni ebuchosheni okuthinta inkumbulo, ukunyakaza, kanye nokuziphatha.
- Lokhu kuhlukile kwisifo i-Alzheimer's kanye nesifo i-Parkinson's ngokulandelana kanye nohlobo lwezimpawu. Ukuphazamiseka kokubona nezinkinga zokulala kuvamile ku-LBD.
- Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliphelele lalokhu, imithi nezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha zingalawula izimpawu futhi zenze impilo ibe lula.
- Uma othile oseduze nawe ebhekene nalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu . Ukuxilongwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Impilo yengqondo neyomzimba yomnakekeli nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Unganqikazi ukufuna usizo uma kudingeka.
I-Lewy Body Dementia, i-LBD, i-Dementia, Ukulahlekelwa Yinkumbulo, i-Alzheimer's, i-Parkinson's, Impilo Yasebekhulile
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