Uma othile emndenini wethu eqala ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yakhe njengoba ekhula, sonke sicabanga ngayo njenge -Alzheimer's . Kuyiqiniso ukuthi i-Alzheimer's ingenye yezinkinga zokulahlekelwa yingqondo ezivame kakhulu. Kodwa bewazi, kukhona esinye isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Lewy Body Dementia , noma i-LBD . Lokhu kuthinta nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi iyini i-LBD.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Lewy Body Dementia (LBD)?
Cabanga ukuthi amangqamuzana asebuchosheni bethu axhumana ngamakhemikhali . Imizimba ye-Lewy iyizicucu zamaprotheni ezingavamile eziqoqana ebuchosheni bethu. Uma ziqoqana, ziphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kobuchopho. Ngokukhethekile, zingaphazamisa izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa inkumbulo yethu, ukunyakaza, ikhono lokucabanga, imizwa , kanye nokuziphatha.
Lesi simo se-LBD singavela ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Isifo sengqondo esihambisana nemizimba kaLewy: Lokhu kuqala ngezinkinga zomzimba, njengobunzima bokuhamba nokunyakaza. Ngemva konyaka, izinkinga zokukhumbula nokucabanga ezifana nesifo i-Alzheimer's ziyavela. Kungase kube nokubona izinto ezingekho.
2. Isifo sikaParkinson's dementia: Kulokhu, izinkinga zokunyakaza (izimpawu zikaParkinson) zivela kuqala. Izinkinga zenkumbulo nokucabanga zivela kamuva kakhulu kulesi sifo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-LBD. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokuphatha izimpawu nokunikeza impumuzo yesikhashana.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-LBD, i-Alzheimer's, kanye ne-Parkinson's?
Nakuba lezi zifo ezintathu zingase zifane, kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwazo. Ukuqaphela lo mehluko kubalulekile ekwelapheni.
| Ukuqhathanisa isifo | Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-LBD |
|---|---|
| Isifo sika-Alzheimer | Ngokungafani ne-Alzheimer's, i-LBD ayilahlekelwa inkumbulo yesikhashana ekuqaleni. Ku-LBD, amakhono okunaka nokucabanga ayashintshashintsha ngokushesha (okungahluka usuku nosuku, ihora nehora). Ukubona izinto ezingekho ngokoqobo kuvamile ezigabeni zokuqala ze-LBD, kodwa ku-Alzheimer's, kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwalesi sifo. |
| Isifo sikaParkinson | Esifweni sikaParkinson, izinkinga zokukhumbula (dementia) zenzeka kuphela ngemva kokuba lesi sifo sesifinyelele esigabeni esiphambili kakhulu, noma ngezinye izikhathi zingafiki nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, ku-LBD , izinkinga zokukhumbula ziqala ngesikhathi esifanayo nobunzima bokunyakaza noma ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho . |
| Ukuziphatha kokulala | Isici esiyingqayizivele se-LBD yi -REM sleep behavior disorder . Yilapho udlala khona amaphupho akho ngenkathi ulele (isb., uma ulwa emaphusheni akho, empeleni ushukumisa izitho zakho, noma uphume embhedeni). Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwe-LBD. |
Izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi ze-LBD
Lezi zinhlayiya zamaprotheni, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-Lewy bodies, zakhiwe uhlobo lweprotheni olubizwa ngokuthi i-alpha-synuclein. Uma ziqongelela ebuchosheni, ziphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali amabili abalulekile ebuchosheni bethu.
- I-Acetylcholine: Lokhu kuthinta inkumbulo yethu nokufunda kwethu.
- I-Dopamine : Lokhu kulawula ukunyakaza kwethu, imizwa yethu, kanye nokulala kwethu.
Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani lezi zidumbu zikaLewy ziqoqana ebuchosheni, noma ukuthi kungani abanye abantu kuphela abakha i-LBD.
Ingabe lesi yisifo esizuzwe njengefa? I-LBD ngokuvamile ayibhekwa njengesifo esizuzwe njengefa. Kodwa-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho ene-LBD, ungase ube namathuba amancane okuba nayo.
Izici eziyinhloko zengozi:
- Ukuguga (ikakhulukazi abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50)
- Ukuba nezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikaParkinson
- Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-LBD
- Amadoda anamathuba amaningi okutheleleka
Ziyini izimpawu ze-LBD?
Akuzona zonke iziguli eziba nezimpawu ezifanayo. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zibe zincane, kanti ezinye zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngezansi kunezinye zezimpawu ezivamile.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela ekhonweni lokucabanga | Ubunzima bokwenza izinqumo, ukungakwazi ukwahlulela ibanga, ukuncipha kokunaka, ukuncipha kwenkumbulo, ukudideka ngendawo noma isikhathi, ubunzima bokusebenza ngezinombolo. |
| Imiphumela ekuhambeni | Ukuhudula izinyawo ngenkathi uhamba, ukuqina, izandla ezithuthumelayo, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi nokuwa, ukugoba phambili, ukubhala ngesandla okuncane, ubunzima bokugwinya. |
| Imiphumela ekulaleni | Isifo sokuziphatha kokulala kwe-REM, ukozela ngokweqile emini, ukuqwasha, kanye nesifo semilenze esingaphumuli. |
| Imiphumela esimweni sengqondo | Ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukungahlaliseki, ukubona noma ukuzwa izinto ezingekho, ukwesaba okungavamile (isib. ukucabanga ukuthi othile uzongilimaza). |
| Ezinye izici | Ukuzizwa unesizungu nokuquleka, ukushintsha komfutho wegazi, ukuqunjelwa, ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo, kanye nokwehla kwemizwa yokuhogela. |
Ukukhala noma ukuhleka okungalawuleki
Abanye abantu abane-LBD bangakhala noma bahleke kakhulu ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi 'i-pseudobulbar affect (PBA).' Lokhu akuyona imizwa yabo yangempela, kodwa kuyinto eyenzeka ngokungalawuleki ngenxa yesifo.
Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa
Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okungaxilonga i-LBD. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zifana nezinye izifo, kungaba nzima ngodokotela ukuxilonga, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngakho-ke, udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho ezinye izimo .
- Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yomzimba neyezinzwa
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (ukuhlola amazinga evithamini noma ama-hormone)
- Ukuskena kobuchopho (i-CT scan, i-MRI scan)
- Ukuhlolwa okukala inkumbulo kanye nekhono lokucabanga
- Ukuhlolwa kokulala
Uma sikhuluma ngokwelashwa,
Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa kwe-LBD, kodwa kunemithi kanye nokwelashwa okungasiza ukulawula izimpawu nokwenza impilo ibe lula.
Isexwayiso: Amanye ama-antipsychotic asetshenziswa ukwelapha isifo i-Alzheimer's angaba yingozi kubantu abane-LBD. Angenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi.
Ngaphezu kwemithi, ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi, kanye nokwelulekwa kunganikeza isiguli kanye nabanakekeli baso impumuzo enkulu.
Ukuphila ne-LBD
I-LBD iyinselele kokubili isiguli kanye nomndeni waso, kodwa ngokuhlela nokusekela okufanele, uhambo lungenziwa lube lula.
- Qinisekisa ukuphepha: Susa izithiyo ezindaweni zokuhamba ekhaya. Faka amabha okubamba endlini yokugezela.
- Thola ukwesekwa: Khuluma nomndeni nabangane ngalokhu. Thola usizo lochwepheshe uma kudingeka.
- Hlela kusenesikhathi: Yenza izinqumo zezokwelapha nezezimali kusenesikhathi, ngokwezifiso zesiguli.
- Jabula: Yenza isiguli sihileleke ezintweni esizijabulelayo nesizithandayo.
Isikhathi sokuphila esimaphakathi somuntu one-LBD cishe iminyaka engu-7-8 kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu baphila iminyaka efinyelela kwengu-20.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-dementia ayisona isifo se-Alzheimer ngaso sonke isikhathi. I-Lewy body dementia (LBD) nayo iyisimo esivamile.
- Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zenkumbulo, izinguquko ekunyakazeni, ekulaleni, nasekuziphatheni zingabonakala ku-LBD ezigabeni zokuqala.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kokulala kwe-REM kanye nokubona izinto ezingekho emthethweni kungaba yizimpawu eziyinhloko ze-LBD.
- Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa okuphelele kwalesi sifo, izinga lempilo yesiguli lingathuthukiswa ngokulawula izimpawu.
- Uma othile oseduze nawe ebhekene nalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ofanelekayo ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko.
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