Indlela ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuthinta ngayo ingane: Funda nge-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Ingabe ungumama ozayo? Noma uhlela ukwengeza ilungu elisha emndenini? Khona-ke lesi sihloko sizoba sibaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Sonke siyazi ukuthi konke umama akwenzayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuthinta ingane esibelethweni. Ikakhulukazi ukuphuza utshwala kungabangela umonakalo ongacabangeki enganeni esibelethweni. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibi kakhulu esingase senzeke kanje.

Iyini ngempela i-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?

Kalula nje, i-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) yisimo esibi kakhulu esingase senzeke enganeni lapho izalwa ngenxa yokuthi umama uphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Empeleni akuyona nje isimo esisodwa, kodwa sibi kakhulu eqenjini lezimo ezaziwa ngokuthi yi-Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs).

Ezinye izimo eziningana ziwela kulesi sigaba sama-FASD:

• I-Partial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Kulesi simo, umntwana ubonisa ezinye zezimpawu ezihlobene ne-FAS, kodwa akanazo zonke izimpawu eziphelele.
• Ukukhubazeka Kokuzalwa Okuhlobene Notshwala: Kulesi simo, utshwala bungabangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa ezithweni zomntwana njengenhliziyo, izinso namathambo.
• Isifo Sokuthuthukiswa Kwezinzwa Esihlobene Notshwala: Lapha, nakuba kungekho zinguquko ezinkulu ebusweni bengane, izinkinga ezihlobene nokukhula kobuchopho kanye nesimiso sezinzwa (ukukhubazeka kokufunda, izinkinga zokuziphatha) ziyabonakala.
• Isifo Sokuziphatha Okuhlobene Nokuchayeka Etshwaleni Ngaphambi Kokuzalwa: Lokhu kuthinta ikhono lengane lokucabanga nokucabanga, ukuzithiba, kanye nekhono lokwakha ubudlelwano nabantu .

Lezi zimo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngengane. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingase zithinteke kakhulu. Okudabukisayo ukuthi lezi zimpawu cishe ziya ziba zimbi njengoba ingane ikhula.

Iyini imbangela yalesi simo?

Imbangela eyodwa neqondile yalokhu ukuphuza kukamama utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kungaba iwayini, ubhiya, i-arrack, i-rum... noma yiluphi uhlobo lotshwala.

Cabanga nje, umzimba womntwana omncane esibelethweni awukakhuli ngokugcwele. Ikakhulukazi, isibindi sakhe asikwazi ukucubungula nokukhipha utshwala njengomuntu omdala. Ngakho-ke uma umama ephuza utshwala, lobo tshwala bungena emzimbeni womntwana ngaphandle kwesithiyo, bubangele umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni obusakhula, enhliziyweni, nakuzo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba.

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi izingozi zisezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala kuphela. Eqinisweni, ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa,Ubuchopho bomntwana bukhula ngokushesha, ngakho ukuphuza utshwala phakathi nalesi sikhathi kuyingozi kakhulu. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ezinye izikhathi ziphephile. Ubuchopho bomntwana buyaqhubeka nokukhula ezinyangeni zesibili nezesithathu. Ngakho-ke ngisho notshwala obuncane obuphuzwayo phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwanele ukuphazamisa ukukhula komntwana.

Ayikho into ebizwa ngokuthi 'isilinganiso esiphephile' noma 'isikhathi esiphephile' sokuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngisho nethisipuni elilodwa lingaba yingozi enganeni.

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Ziyini izimpawu zengane ene-FAS?

Izimpawu ze-FAS zibanzi kakhulu, futhi ukuze kube lula, sizozihlukanisa zibe izigaba eziningana.

Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?

Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile noma ukuskena okungaqinisekisa i-FAS. Futhi, izimpawu zivame ukufana nezinye izimo ezifana ne-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuxilonga.

Udokotela ucabangela izici eziningana ukuze axilonge lesi simo:

• Izici ezingavamile ebusweni bomntwana.
• Ukulahlekelwa ubude nesisindo ngenxa yokuguga.
• Usayizi wekhanda elincane.
• Izinkinga zokunaka kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile.
• Ubuthakathaka ekuhlanganiseni umzimba.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi umama wayephuza utshwala ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, futhi uma kunjalo, bungakanani.

Khumbula, nakuba lesi simo singelapheki, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-6 kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokusekelwa endaweni enothando nezinzile yasekhaya kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikusasa lengane.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-FAS?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-FAS ayinakwelapheka ngokuphelele ngoba umonakalo obangelwa utshwala awunakuguqulwa. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okuqondiswe ngqo kwezimpawu ezithile zengane kungenza impilo yayo ibe lula kakhulu.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha:

• Imithi: Ayikho imithi ethile ye-FAS. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi ethile (isib., izikhuthazi, imithi yokucindezeleka) ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nokusebenza ngokweqile, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka.
• Ukwelashwa okwelaphayo: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukwelashwa Kwenkulumo: Ngezinkinga zokukhuluma.
• Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke nokuthuthukisa amakhono.
• Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Ukuze umzimba ulinganisele futhi uhlanganise kahle.
• Ukusekelwa Kokuziphatha Nokufundisa: Izinsizakalo zemfundo ekhethekile ziyasiza ngokukhubazeka kokufunda nezinkinga zokuziphatha.
• Ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali: Abazali banikezwa ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kokuthi bangabhekana kanjani nengane ene-FAS nokuthi bangalawula kanjani ukuziphatha kwayo.
• Ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu: Kufundisa ingane ukusebenza ndawonye nabanye, ukwabelana, nokwenza abangane.

Zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha kumele zivumelane nezidingo zengane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu njalo.

Lesi simo esiyingozi singagwenywa kanjani?

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu neyanelisayo yalesi sihloko. I-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome yisimo esingavinjelwa ngokuphelele. Kunye kuphela okufanele ukwenze.

Okusho ukuthi, ukuyeka ngokuphelele utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

• Uma unenkinga ngotshwala noma ukuba umlutha, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha kanye nokwelashwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa .
• Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana, yeka ukuphuza utshwala kusukela ngesikhathi uhlela ukuba naye .
• Uma nje uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe, noma usola ukuthi ukhulelwe, yeka ukuphuza utshwala ngokushesha .
• Uma uhlanganyela ocansini futhi ungasebenzisi izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukucabanga ukuyeka ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele, ngoba ungase ukhulelwe ungazi.