Ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, sivame ukuthola umkhuhlane kanye ne-flu, akunjalo? Ikakhulukazi uma isimo sezulu sishintsha futhi lina njalo, abantu abaningi baqala ukugula. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi sibiza umkhuhlane ngalesi sikhathi ngokuthi "i-viral flu" noma "i-wind-borne flu" futhi asiwunaki kakhulu. Kodwa kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu ngalesi simo "se-flu". Ngoba singaba sibi kakhulu kunomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi sikhathi somkhuhlane, ukuthi ungawulungiselela kanjani, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani.
Ngakho-ke, uyini lo muthi wokugomela umkhuhlane? Kufanele siwuthole?
Kalula nje, lo umuthi wokugomela ovikela igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-influenza. Njengoba uhlobo lwaleli gciwane lushintsha kancane minyaka yonke, umuthi wokugomela wenzelwe lowo nyaka. Yingakho kunconywa ukuthi uthole lo muthi wokugomela minyaka yonke.
Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokugonywa?
Nakuba kunzima ukubikezela isikhathi esiqondile sesizini yomkhuhlane eSri Lanka, ngokuvamile kungcono ukugonywa ngoSepthemba/Okthoba . Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho isizini yomkhuhlane isiphezulu, amasosha omzimba wakho azobe eseqongelelekile. Kodwa cabanga ukuthi ubungenakukwazi ukugonywa ngaleso sikhathi. Akunankinga! Usengagonywa ngemva kukaNovemba. Ngezinye izikhathi isizini yomkhuhlane ingaqhubeka kuze kube yizinyanga zokuqala zonyaka olandelayo.
Ubani okufanele athole lo muthi wokugomela?
Ngokuvamile, lo muthi wokugomela unconywa wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala . Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ungase ungafaneleki kwabanye abantu. Isibonelo:
- Abantu abane-allergies enzima kunoma yiziphi izithako ezikulowo muthi wokugoma (njenge-gelatin noma amanye ama-antibiotic).
- Abanye abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona.
- Eminye imijovo yokugoma ingase ingafaneleki kwabanye besifazane abakhulelwe.
Uma unokungabaza ngalokhu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko.
Usebenza kangakanani umuthi wokugoma?
Izinga lempumelelo liyahlukahluka kancane unyaka nonyaka, kodwa ngokuvamile linciphisa ingozi yokuthola umkhuhlane phakathi kuka-40% no-60% . Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, noma ngabe uthola umkhuhlane, ukuthola umuthi wokugomela kuzonciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuba kubi kakhulu, kube nezinkinga ezifana ne-pneumonia, kanye nokulaliswa esibhedlela.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola umkhuhlane? Futhi yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi yokugoma?
Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola izinkinga ngenxa yomkhuhlane kunabanye. Sibabiza ngokuthi “abasengozini enkulu.”
Obani abangamalungu amaqembu asengozini enkulu?
- Izingane ezincane:Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala zisengozini enkulu yezinkinga. Njengoba izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala zingenakugonywa, isivikelo esingcono kakhulu ukuthi wonke umuntu oseduze nalezo zingane (umama, ubaba, amalungu omndeni) agonywe.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Ngenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba wabo ayawohloka njengoba bekhula, laba bantu bangagula kakhulu uma bethola umkhuhlane.
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe: Abesifazane abathola umkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye namasonto amabili ngemva kokubeletha basengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga.
- Abantu abanezinkinga zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona:
- Isifuba somoya
- Isifo sikashukela
- Isifo senhliziyo
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
- Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa yezimo ezifana nomdlavuza kanye ne-HIV.
| Uhlobo Lomuthi Wokugoma | Amanothi Akhethekile |
|---|---|
| Umjovo ojwayelekile womthamo | Umjovo ovamile onikezwa abantu abaningi ngenaliti. |
| Umjovo onesilinganiso esiphezulu | Isetshenziselwa ukunikeza amasosha omzimba aqinile kulabo abaneminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu. |
| Umuthi wokugomela ongeziwe | Kufakwa i-adjuvant ukuze kuthuthukiswe impendulo yomzimba. Lokhu kufanelekile nakubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65. |
| Umuthi wokugomela i-nasal spray | Inketho enhle kulabo abesaba izinaliti. Ifanele abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-2-49. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akukhuthazwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nalabo abanezivikelo zomzimba ezibuthakathaka. |
| Umuthi wokugomela abantu abanokungezwani namaqanda | Kwenziwe kusetshenziswa isiko lamaseli ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amaqanda. Kuphephile kulabo abanokungezwani namaqanda. |
Ingabe nginomkhuhlane? Noma ingabe umkhuhlane nje ovamile?
Izimpawu zomkhuhlane zivame ukuqala ngokuzumayo futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu . Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Umkhuhlane noma ukuzizwa ushisa
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu bemisipha
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala
- Ukukhwehlela
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Impumulo egobhozayo
Ukuhlanza kanye nohudo kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni kunakubantu abadala. Kodwa khumbula, ungathola umkhuhlane ngaphandle komkhuhlane.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Umkhuhlane ungelashwa ekhaya ngokuphumula nokuphumula. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka siqaphele izimpawu ezithile eziyisixwayiso . Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze.
| Iqembu | Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo |
|---|---|
| Izingane |
|
| Abantu abadala |
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Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthola umkhuhlane? Futhi ungawuvimbela kanjani?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unomkhuhlane, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlala ekhaya futhi uthole ukuphumula okwanele. Lokhu kuzokusiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye. Gwema ukuxhumana nabanye okungenani amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuba umkhuhlane wakho usuphelile.
Njengokwelashwa, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi yokulwa namagciwane. I-Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) ingenye yemithi edumile. Le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma iqalwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kusukela izimpawu ziqale. Inganciphisa isikhathi sokugula ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili futhi inciphise ubukhulu bezimpawu. Kodwa khumbula, le mithi kufanele ithathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho .
Ukuvimbela kungcono njalo kunokwelapha. Ngaphezu kokugonywa, zijwayeze lezi zinto ezilula.
* Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo.
* Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngethishu noma ngendololwane yakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula.
* Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
* Uma ugula, hlala ekhaya ukuze uvikele abanye.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Thola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane minyaka yonke: Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane.
- Qaphela amaqembu asengozini: Uma unezingane ezincane, asebekhulile, umama okhulelwe, noma umuntu onezifo ezingamahlalakhona ekhaya lakho, qaphela ngokukhethekile ukuthi ubavikele.
- Qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso: Yazi umehluko phakathi kwezimpawu ezivamile nalezo ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
- Funa iseluleko kudokotela wakho: Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuxilongwa, ukugoma, kanye nokwelashwa.
- Nakekela ukuhlanzeka: Imikhuba elula yezempilo njengokugeza izandla njalo ingenza umehluko omkhulu.
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