Ingabe ingane yakho encane iphathwa yikhanda ngaso sonke isikhathi? (Ikhanda Ezinganeni) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ivame ukuba nekhanda elibuhlungu? Empeleni kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi izingane ezincane zibe nekhanda elibuhlungu. Ngezinye izikhathi zingaba nomkhuhlane omncane noma umkhuhlane. Kodwa uma ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi kakhulu, kungokwemvelo ngathi njengabazali ukuthi sikhathazeke. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngekhanda elibuhlungu ezinganeni, okungukuthi, `(Ikhanda Elibuhlungu Ezinganeni)`.

Kuyini ikhanda elibuhlungu? Kungani izingane ziphathwa yilo?

Kalula nje, ikhanda elibuhlungu liwubuhlungu ekhanda noma ebusweni bengane yakho. Cishe ama-25% ezingane ezincane kanye nama-75% ezingane ezindala, ezineminyaka engaba ngu-10-12 ubudala, zingase zibe nekhanda elibuhlungu. Eqinisweni, uhlobo olubi lwekhanda olubizwa ngokuthi "i-Migraine" lungenye yezinhlobo ezi-5 eziyinhloko zekhanda elibuhlungu ezibonakala ezinganeni. Ungase umangale ukuzwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150 zekhanda elibuhlungu! Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zekhanda ezinganeni?

Lezi zinhlobo zekhanda ngokuvamile zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine eziyinhloko.

1. Ikhanda elibuhlungu

Lesi yisifo esibuhlungu kakhulu. I-Migraine yisifo esibuhlungu kakhulu esiba khona izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga. Kulesi simo, ingane ingase ingakwazi ukubona ukukhanya noma ukuzwa umsindo . Kanye nalokhu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungase kwenzeke. I-Migraine ingaba yifa. Abantu abangu-60% abane-migraine banelungu lomndeni (umama, ubaba, abafowabo nodadewabo) abanalesi simo.

2. Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhambisana nokucindezeleka

Lolu futhi uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalokhu:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu lokucindezeleka ngezikhathi ezithile: Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-15 ngenyanga.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli: Uma unaleli khanda izinsuku ezingaphezu kwe-15 ngenyanga.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu nsuku zonke: Ikhanda elibuhlungu elivela cishe nsuku zonke.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingamahlalakhona elingaqhubeki: Lokhu kwenzeka nsuku zonke noma izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga, kodwa izimpawu ezengeziwe ( isicanucanu , ukuhlanza , ukuzwela umsindo wangaphandle) ze- migraine azivamile.

3. I-Mixed headache syndrome/I-Chronic migraine/I-Transformed migraine

Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela ye-"Migraine" kanye ne-"Chronic non-progressive tension headache". Uma ingane yakho iphathwa yikhanda izinsuku ezingaphezu kwe-15 ngenyanga, futhi inezimpawu ze-"Migraine", kungaba yilolu hlobo lwekhanda.

4. Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibangelwa ukucindezeleka noma ukutheleleka ebuchosheni (`Ukudonsa kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu`)

Lolu hlobo lwekhanda okufanele luqaphelwe.Ngoba lokhu kungabangelwa yisimo sezokwelapha noma ukulimala kobuchopho enganeni. Kungaba yinto efana nomdlavuza wobuchopho noma ukopha ebuchosheni. Kodwa khumbula, ikhanda liyivelakancane kakhulu ngenxa yezimbangela ezinkulu kangaka.

Zivame kangakanani izinhlungu zekhanda ezinganeni? Ingabe kuyinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo?

Ikhanda livame kakhulu ezinganeni. Cishe u-20% wezingane eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 nengu-17 zithi zithola ikhanda. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zekhanda kuleli qembu leminyaka yikhanda elibuhlungu elicindezelekile (cishe u-15%) kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu (cishe u-5%). Abazali abaningi bayakhathazeka, "Ingabe ikhanda lengane yami libangelwa umdlavuza wobuchopho?" Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi, ngaphansi kuka-3% wekhanda elibuhlungu libangelwa izimo zezokwelapha ezimbi kakhulu. Ikhanda elibuhlungu eliningi ezinganeni libangelwa ukucindezeleka nezinkinga zendlela yokuphila.

Hlobo luni lwezingane olunamathuba amaningi okuphathwa yikhanda?

Uma umuntu osondelene nomndeni wengane yakho (umama, ubaba, abafowabo nodadewabo) evame ukuba nekhanda elibuhlungu, ingane yakho isengozini enkulu yokuthola ikhanda elibuhlungu. Ngokufanayo, izingane ezingaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu nazo zingase ziphathwe ikhanda elibuhlungu kaningi.

Ingabe ikhanda elibuhlungu liyayithinta ingqondo yengane? Ingabe lizobangela ukulimala kobuchopho?

Lona umbuzo abazali abaningi abawubuzayo. Cha, ikhanda elivamile alibangeli umonakalo ebuchosheni bengane. Alinawo imiphumela emibi ekusebenzeni kobuchopho bengane. Ngakho ungakhathazeki ngakho.

Ingabe kukhona umehluko phakathi kwekhanda elibuhlungu ezinganeni kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu kubantu abadala?

Yebo, kunezinguquko ezimbalwa ezincane:

• Ikhanda lezingane ngokuvamile alihlali isikhathi eside njengelabantu abadala (lihlala kusukela emahoreni amabili kuya kwangu-72).
• Izingane zizwa ubuhlungu ekhanda lazo lonke, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi bube ohlangothini olulodwa lwekhanda njengabantu abadala.
• Izingane zingase zibe nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.

Ziyini izimpawu zekhanda elibuhlungu ezinganeni?

Izimpawu zingase zihluke kuye ngohlobo lwekhanda elibuhlungu ingane enalo.

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obubukhali

Izimpawu zalokhu zaqala ngokuzumayo, futhi akusekho isikhathi esiningi esisele.

• Ubuhlungu obuhlabayo nobuhlabayo.
• Ubuhlungu ekhanda, entanyeni, noma ebusweni .

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuphindaphindayo noma i-migraines

Lolu hlobo lwekhanda lungathatha ihora elilodwa noma amabili, futhi luvame ukwenzeka kabili, kathathu, noma kane ngenyanga.

• Ubuhlungu ngaphambili kwekhanda noma ezinhlangothini zombili.
• Ukuphaphatheka kwesikhumba (`Umbala okhanyayo`).
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza.
• Ukucasuka, intukuthelo.
• Ukuzwela ngaphandle, umsindo, kanye namaphunga athile.
• Isiyezi .
• Imfiva.
• Umbono ofiphele .
• Ukuzizwa ulele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.

Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingamahlalakhona elingaqhubeki noma ikhanda elibuhlungu lokucindezeleka

Lezi yizinhlungu zekhanda ezifika nsuku zonke, noma njalo, noma ezifika zidlule isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, azibangeli izimpawu zemizwa. Uma unalezi zinhlungu zekhanda izinsuku ezingaphezu kwe-15 ngenyanga, uma zinzima kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuya esikoleni, noma uma usebenzisa imithi njalo, kufanele nakanjani ubone uchwepheshe wekhanda.

• Ubuhlungu obuhlabayo nobucindezelayo, njengokungathi ibhande liboshwe ebunzini.

Ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubekayo elingapheli

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi ukuvama kobuhlungu bekhanda kuyakhula kancane kancane kanti nobunzima bekhanda buyanda kancane kancane.

• Ukuvama kwekhanda kukhula kancane kancane.
• Ukwanda kancane kancane kobunzima bekhanda.

Okubalulekile: Uma lezi `(ikhanda eliqhubekayo elingapheli)` zihambisana nezinye izimpawu zezinzwa (isibonelo, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi lapho uhamba, ukushintsha kombono), kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi njenge-`Hydrocephalus`, `Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho`, noma `Isimila`. Ngakho-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izimbangela zekhanda elibuhlungu ezinganeni?

Kungaba nezimbangela eziningi zekhanda ezinganeni. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Izifo ezivamile, isibonelo, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, nezinye izifo.
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe.
• Ukulimala ekhanda.
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Ukukhathazeka.
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo.
• Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile (isibonelo, kubadlali).
• Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína:
• I-Meningitis (ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi olumboze ubuchopho nomgogodla).
• I-Encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kobuchopho).
• Ukopha (ukopha ebuchosheni).
• Isimila sobuchopho (`Isimila` - inqwaba yezicubu ezingavamile).

Ingabe ikhanda elibuhlungu liwuphawu lokuthi ingane inesifo sikashukela?

Ikhanda elibuhlungu aliyona uphawu oluvamile lwesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, ikhanda elibuhlungu lingavela uma izinga likashukela egazini lengane liphansi (`ushukela wegazi ophansi`) . Ushukela wegazi ophansi ungaba uphawu lwesifo sikashukela.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi izingane ziphethwe yikhanda?

Ukuze athole imbangela yekhanda lengane yakho, udokotela uzohlola ingane yakho ngokucophelela. Bazobheka izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ingabe unomkhuhlane?
• Ingabe umfutho wegazi uphakeme?
• Ingabe imisipha ibuthakathaka?
• Ingabe unenkinga yokulinganisela lapho uhamba?
• Ingabe unezinkinga zokubona?

Udokotela uzobuza imibuzo nawe kanye nengane yakho. Kungaba usizo ukugcina idayari yekhanda lengane yakho ngaphambi kokuba ubonane nodokotela. Udokotela angase abuze imibuzo efana nale:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu laqala nini?
• Usunesikhathi esingakanani uphethwe yileli khanda?
• Ufika kangaki?
• Ingabe ikhona imbangela ethile yekhanda? (isib. ukudla okuthile, izimo ezithile, umsebenzi womzimba, imithi)
• Ingabe ukhona omunye emndenini onekhanda elibuhlungu kanje?
• Zikhona yini ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile uma ungenalo ikhanda elibuhlungu? (isib. ubuthakathaka, ukushintsha kombono, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi)
• Ingabe awukwazanga ukuya esikoleni ngenxa yekhanda elibuhlungu? Ingabe ubangela izinkinga esikoleni?
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu lithinte kanjani impilo yengane yakho yansuku zonke? Ingabe ibilele embhedeni isikhathi eside? Ingabe ibingakwazi ukudlala nabangani bayo?
• Buphi ubuhlungu?
• Ubuhlungu buzwakala kanjani? (isib., ukuqina, ukuqaqamba, okufana nokucindezela)
• Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani ubuhlungu bukhona?
• Yini ongayenza ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu?
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu livela ngasiphi isikhathi sosuku?
• Ingabe ikhanda liqala ngokuzumayo?
• Ingabe zikhona izimpawu eziyisixwayiso (`Aura`) ngaphambi kokuba ikhanda liqaqambe? (isib., ukushintsha kombono, ukubona ukukhanya phambi kwamehlo, ukungazweli)
• Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana nekhanda elibuhlungu? (isib. ubuthakathaka, isicanucanu, ukuzwela ukukhanya/umsindo, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, izinguquko zokuziphatha)
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuzamile ekhaya? (imithi, amaphakethe eqhwa, ukucima izibani)
• Uke wababona abanye odokotela? Uke wababona uchwepheshe wekhanda?

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuthola imbangela yekhanda elibuhlungu?

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezinjengalezi ukusiza ukuthola imbangela yekhanda lakho:

• Isikeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
• `MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography)` - Lokhu kubheka imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-`CT scan (Computed Tomography)`.

Kodwa akuzona zonke izinhlungu zekhanda ezidinga lezi ziskeni. Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi ziyadingeka noma cha.

Ungayiphatha kanjani ikhanda ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane?

Lapho belapha ikhanda ezinganeni, odokotela bacabangela lezi zici:

• Ubudala bomntwana.
• Uhlobo lwekhanda elibuhlungu.
• Uvame kangakanani ukuba nekhanda elibuhlungu?
• Imbangela yekhanda elibuhlungu.

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angase ancome eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi:

• Imithi.
• Imfundo yekhanda.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila.
• Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka.

Imithi

Kuye ngembangela kanye nohlobo lwekhanda elibuhlungu, ingane yakho ingadinga imithi elandelayo:

• Ukuqeda izimpawu: Lokhu kunciphisa izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza. Izibonelo: I-Ibuprofen (isib., i-Advil®, i-Motrin®), i-Naproxen (isib., i-Aleve®), i-Acetaminophen (isib., i-Tylenol®, i-Panadol®). Sebenzisa lokhu kuphela njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Ukwelashwa kokukhipha isisu: Le mithi kufanele ithathwe lapho kuqala izimpawu ze-migraine. Isiza ekuvimbeleni izimpawu ze-migraine ezifana nobuhlungu, isicanucanu, kanye nokuzwela ukukhanya. Ngaphezu kwemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela , imithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-triptan (isb., i-sumatriptan kanye ne-frovatriptan) nayo isetshenziselwa le njongo. Le mithi itholakala kuphela ngomuthi kadokotela.
• Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela: Le mithi isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ikhanda elibuhlungu elivela njalo, njengekhanda elibuhlungu lokucindezeleka, i-migraines, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Ukuthatha umthamo wansuku zonke walo muthi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvama nobukhali bekhanda elibuhlungu. Umuthi ongcono kakhulu wengane yakho uzoncika embangela eyinhloko yekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nezinye izici. Isibonelo, imithi efana nemithi yokucindezeleka, ama-antihistamine, kanye nama-beta-blockers ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ikhanda elibuhlungu. Le mithi ayisetshenziselwa nje kuphela isimo esingaphansi, kodwa futhi ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ingasiza ngekhanda elibuhlungu.

Imfundo yekhanda

Udokotela uzotshela ingane yakho ngezinto ezithile (`Izinto Ezibangela`) ezingenza ikhanda libe libi kakhulu. `Izinto Ezibangela` ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukungalali kahle.
• Ezinye izitsha.
• Iziphuzo ezine-caffeine (itiye, ikhofi, i-soda).
• Ushokoledi.
• Ukudla okuqukethe 'ama-Nitrate' (inyama ecutshunguliwe - amasoseji, i-ham, i-bacon, i-pepperoni, ama-hot dog).
• Ushizi ongagcinwa (ukudla okuqukethe i-'Tyramine', isibonelo, izinhlobo ezithile zoshizi ku-pizza).
• Ukudla okuqukethe i-`MSG (Monosodium Glutamate)` (into enika ukunambitheka).

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Ubuhlungu bekhanda bungabangelwa nayimikhuba yokuphila. Ukuze unciphise ukwenzeka kobuhlungu bekhanda, nakekela lezi zinto:

• Lala kahle okungenani amahora angu-8 njalo ebusuku.
• Phuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-6-8 ngosuku.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okuthathu ngosuku.
• Ukuzivocavoca kwe-Cardio - Lokhu kusho ukwenza izivivinyo ezinhle enhliziyweni (isib. ukuhamba, ukugijima, ukugibela ibhayisikili) okungenani imizuzu engama-45 kathathu ngesonto.
• Ukuphumula nokuphumula.

Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka

Amasu okuphumula angasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu kanye/noma ukuvama kwekhanda elibuhlungu. Izinto ezinjengalezi zingasiza:

• Ukuzivocavoca okujulile kokuphefumula.
• Ukwakha ukuqaphela nokuzindla ('Ukuqaphela' noma 'Ukuzindla').
• Ukuphumula kwezithombe zengqondo.
• Ukulalela umculo (`Ukwelashwa komculo`).
• Ukwelulekwa.

Ubani ozokwelapha ikhanda lengane yami? Ingabe kufanele ngibone uchwepheshe?

Udokotela womndeni wengane yakho angakudlulisela kulezi zinhlobo zochwepheshe, uma kudingeka:

• Uchwepheshe wekhanda.
• Udokotela wamehlo (wezinkinga zokubona).
• Uchwepheshe wezindlebe, ikhala kanye nomphimbo (uchwepheshe we-ENT - wezinkinga zokulinganisela).
• Udokotela Wezifo Zesisu (wezinkinga zesisu).
• Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo (noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo - sokucindezeleka kwengqondo nezinkinga zomzwelo).

Iyini ikusasa labantwana abanekhanda elibuhlungu?

Ubuhlungu bekhanda bungathinta umsebenzi wesikole wengane, umsebenzi wesikole, kanye nokuphila kwansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ukugwema izinto ezibangela ubuhlungu bekhanda nokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwengane.

Ingane ingabuyiselwa nini esikoleni/enkulisa?

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nobunzima kanye nokuvama kwekhanda lakho. Bangase batuse ukuya esikoleni/enkulisa. Futhi, tshela othisha nabanakekeli bengane yakho ngalesi simo.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ikhanda ezinganeni?

Unganciphisa ingozi yokuphathwa yikhanda ngokugwema izinto ezibangela lokhu kanye nokuphuza imithi yokuvimbela. Buza udokotela wakho ngemithi engcono kakhulu yengane yakho.

Ngingazigwema kanjani izinto ezenza ingane yami ibe nekhanda elibuhlungu (`Izinto Ezibangela`)?

Ingane ngayinye ihlukile, futhi "neZibangeli" zayo zihlukile. Umgomo owodwa ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi "Izibangeli" ezibangela ikhanda bese uzigwema ukuze kuvinjelwe ikhanda. Futhi, "Izibangeli" ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukungalali kahle.
• Ezinye izitsha.
• Iziphuzo ezine-caffeine (itiye, ikhofi, i-soda).

Ingabe ikhanda liyaphela njengoba izingane zikhula?

Ikhanda elibuhlungu lingase liphele njengoba ingane yakho ikhula, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lingabuya kamuva.

Kufanele ngiyise nini ingane yami kudokotela?

• Uma ingane yakho iphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu kaningi kunekhanda elibuhlungu ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Uma ikhanda lengane libuhlungu kakhulu.
• Uma ikhanda lengane yakho liqala ngokuzumayo.

Kufanele ngiyise nini ingane yami ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu kanye nekhanda lakho elibuhlungu, ungangabazi ukuya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha:

* Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo.

* Uhudo noma ukuhlanza okungenakunqandwa.

* Ukulahlekelwa noma ukufiphala kombono.

* Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

* Imfiva.

* Isiyezi.

* Ukuba ndikindiki.

* Ubunzima bokuphefumula.

* Ukuqina kwentamo (ukungakwazi ukugoba intamo).

* Noma yiziphi izinguquko ezindlebeni, emphinjeni, emehlweni, noma ekhaleni.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela mayelana nekhanda lengane yami?

Uma ubona udokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Hlobo luni lwekhanda ingane yami enalo?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu?
• Yini okufanele ngiyibhale kudayari yami yekhanda?
• Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwengane yami?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungenziwa ekhaya?
• Ngimuphi uchwepheshe okufanele ngimvakashele enganeni yami?
• Yimuphi umuthi ofaneleka kakhulu?
• Yini okufanele ngiyitshele uthisha wengane yami ngesimo sayo?
• Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu engingasiza ngayo ingane yami?

Okokugcina, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Khumbula, akuyona into engavamile ukuthi ingane iphathwe yikhanda. Nakuba zingase zibe njalo, ziphazamise, noma zibe buhlungu kakhulu, ikhanda alibangeli ukulimala kwengqondo okungapheli. Akwenzeki futhi ukuthi libe uphawu lwesimila sobuchopho. Uma ingane yakho ihlushwa yikhanda, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Futhi, qapha ngokucophelela imithi yengane yakho kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila. Usizo lwakho lubalulekile ekutholeni ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwengane yakho.

---

Ikhanda elibuhlungu, Ikhanda elibuhlungu ezinganeni, I-Migraines, Ikhanda elibuhlungu lokucindezeleka, Izimbangela zekhanda elibuhlungu, Ukwelashwa kwekhanda elibuhlungu, Izifo zezingane