Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzwa umuzwa wokushisa lapho uchama, ubuhlungu ohlangothini noma phansi komhlane, kanye nomkhuhlane? Noma uzizwa sengathi uzoquleka? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokutheleleka kwezinso. Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esingathinta abantu abaningi, kodwa uma uqaphela futhi uthola ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, singelapheka ngokushesha. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula ngalesi sifo sezinso, odokotela abasibiza ngokuthi `(Pyelonephritis)`.
Uyazi ukuthi kuyini ukutheleleka kwezinso (i-pyelonephritis)?
Kalula nje, ukutheleleka kwezinso kuwukutheleleka kohlelo lomchamo, njengoba sonke sikwazi, `(Ukutheleleka Kwendlela Yomchamo - UTI)`. Kodwa okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi amagciwane afana namagciwane, avela endaweni efana nesinye sakho, ahamba aye emiseleni yomchamo futhi athinte inso eyodwa noma zombili. Ukuze kube sobala, ukutheleleka kusakazekela ezinso. Lesi
yisimo esidinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe kunokutheleleka okuvamile kwendlela yomchamo futhi sidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Ngoba izinso ziyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ngokwezibalo eMelika, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-2000 uba nalesi simo minyaka yonke. Lesi simo singabonakala kaningi naseSri Lanka, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabesifazane.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokutheleleka okuvamile komgudu womchamo (UTI) kanye nokutheleleka kwezinso?
Uma abantu abaningi becabanga nge-UTI, bacabanga ngokutheleleka okuncane esinyeni noma e-urethra. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo ophansi. Ukutheleleka kwezinso nakho kuyi-UTI, kodwa kuyisifo somgudu womchamo ongaphezulu. Izimpawu zakho kokubili ngezinye izikhathi zingafana. Isibonelo, ungase uzwe
umuzwa wokushisa lapho uchama. Kodwa-ke, ngokutheleleka kwezinso, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uzwe ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu emhlane wakho ongezansi noma endukwini . Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kunzima kakhulu kune-UTI evamile.
Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka kwezinso? Ungakubona kanjani?
Kulungile, ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko esingazizwa futhi sizibone lapho sinesifo sezinso. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela, akunjalo?
- Umkhuhlane: Umkhuhlane omkhulu ungavela ngokuzumayo.
- Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi uthuthumela: Lokhu kungenzeka futhi ngomkhuhlane.
- Ubuhlungu obuphansi emhlane, noma ubuhlungu ohlangothini: Lolu uphawu olukhulu abantu abaningi abalubikayo. Lobuhlungu bungazwakala ohlangothini lapho kukhona khona izinso.
- Ukusha kanye nobuhlungu lapho uchama: Lokhu futhi kuyisibonakaliso esivame kakhulu.
- I-Haematuria: Umchamo ungase ubonakale ubomvu, upinki noma unsundu.
- Umchamo omnyama ngombala futhi onephunga elinamandla (i-Pyuria): Lokhu kungenzeka uma kukhona okufana nobomvu emchameni.
- Ukuchama njalo, isifiso sokuchama ngokuzumayo: Kufanele uchame kancane kancane, kodwa kaningi.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza : Abanye abantu bangase babe nalezi zimpawu.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele: Lokhu futhi kuyinto ehambisana nokutheleleka.
Lezi zimpawu azibonakali ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimbalwa zazo.
Kungani sithola izifo zezinso? Ziyini izimbangela?
Esikhathini esiningi, cishe u-90% wazo zonke izifo zezinso zibangelwa
amagciwane . Akuvamile ukuthi amagciwane abangele lokhu, kodwa lokhu akuvamile kubantu abaphilile. Amanye amagciwane ahlala emathunjini ethu amakhulu, njenge-E. coli, ayimbangela eyinhloko. Lawa magciwane ngandlela thile angena emgudwini womchamo futhi ahambe aye ezinso. Ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane ezingadala lokhu zifaka:
- `I-Proteus mirabilis`
- `I-Enterobacter`
- `I-Staphylococcus`
Manje bheka, lokho okwenziwa yizinso zethu ukuhlunga
nokuhlanza imfucuza emzimbeni wethu bese senza umchamo. Lo mchamo udlula kumapayipi "ureters" bese uqoqana "esinyeni". Umchamo ugcinwa lapho size siye endlini yokugezela. Ngemuva kwalokho, umchamo uphuma emzimbeni ngelinye ipayipi, i-"urethra". Ngokuvamile, phakathi nale nqubo, noma yimaphi amabhaktheriya angase abe semgudwini womchamo ayagezwa. Kodwa-ke,
ngezinye izikhathi lawa mabhaktheriya angahamba nge-urethra futhi abangele ukutheleleka kwesinyeni (i-cystitis). Ukusuka lapho, lawa mabhaktheriya angahamba aye enso eyodwa noma zombili futhi abangele ukutheleleka kwezinso. Akuvamile kakhulu, amabhaktheriya angena egazini evela ekuthelelekeni kwenye indawo emzimbeni angahamba ngegazi futhi athelele izinso.
Yiziphi izinto ezingabangela ukutheleleka kwezinso?
Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo zezinso kunabanye. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezo.
- Ukuvaleka kwendlela yomchamo: Cabanga nje, uma kukhona ukuvaleka endaweni ethile endleleni yakho yomchamo, okusho ukuthi umchamo awukwazi ukuphuma kahle, umchamo ungabhajwa endaweni eyodwa futhi amabhaktheriya angakhula kalula aye ezinso.
- Isibonelo, amatshe ezinso (lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi eSri Lanka, ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ubuhlungu bomhlane obungabekezeleleki).
- Njengoba amadoda ekhula, indlala yawo ye-prostate iyakhula (lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuchama).
- Abesifazane banenkinga yokuncipha kwesibeletho (into esiyibona ngezinye izikhathi komama nogogo bethu).
- Futhi okunye,Le ngozi inganda ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwesinye ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Njengoba umntwana ekhula, i-urethra iyacindezelwa, okungenza kube nzima ukuchama kahle.
- I-Vesicoureteral reflux: Leli igama eliyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa lisho ukuthi umchamo ugeleza ngendlela engafanele, kusukela kwesinye kuya ezinso. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela enkulu yokutheleleka kwezinso , ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
- Izimo ezandisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka: Uma unesifo sikashukela , amazinga kashukela egazini lakho awalawulwa kahle, futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uthole izifo. Futhi, abantu abanesifo se -HIV noma labo abathatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba (isib. abantu abathola ukufakelwa izitho zomzimba, iziguli ezinomdlavuza) basengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo zezinso.
- I-Anatomy: Ngenxa yokuthi abesifazane bane-urethra emfushane kunabesilisa , amabhaktheriya angahamba kalula esuka endaweni yendle aye e-urethra, esinyeni kanye nezinso. Yingakho abesifazane benamathuba amaningi okuthola ama-UTI kanye nokutheleleka kwezinso.
- Ukusetshenziswa Kwezicatheter Zomchamo: Abantu abanezicatheter zomchamo isikhathi eside nabo basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
Ingabe ukutheleleka kwezinso kungaba yingozi? Yiziphi izinkinga?
Yebo, ukutheleleka kwezinso
ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila . Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, asebekhulile, labo abanezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo njengesifo sikashukela, noma labo abangatholi ukwelashwa ngesikhathi. Ezinye zezinkinga ezinkulu yilezi:
- I-Emphysematous pyelonephritis: Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Kulokhu, amagciwane abhubhisa izicubu zezinso futhi akhiqize igesi. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
- I-renal papillary necrosis: Lokhu kubangela umonakalo ezingxenyeni ezibucayi kakhulu zezinso.
- Ithumba lezinso: Ubomvu bungaqoqana ngaphakathi noma eduze kwezinso.
- I-Sepsis: Isimo esisongela ukuphila lapho ukutheleleka kusakazekela egazini futhi kuthinta wonke umzimba.
- Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona: Uma ukutheleleka kwezinso kuqhubeka nokuvela, noma uma izinso zonakaliswa ukutheleleka okukhulu, izinso zingagcina zingasebenzi kahle.
Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka kwezinso.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani ukutheleleka kwezinso?
Udokotela kuphela ongasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi unesifo sezinso. Uma ubona udokotela, uzoqala alalele izimpawu zakho bese ebuza ngazo. Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi befuna ubuhlungu ohlangothini lomhlane wakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Lokhu kungahlola amabhaktheriya, ubomvu, kanye negazi emchameni.
- Ukukhula Komchamo: Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi yimaphi amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka nokuthi yimaphi ama-antibiotic angcono kakhulu kukho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kusiza ukuhlola isimo sokutheleleka kwegazi (isib. inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi) kanye nokusebenza kwezinso.
- Ukuskena kwezinso: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukutheleleka kukubi kakhulu noma uma kukhona ukuvaleka okusolwayo, njengetshe lezinso, kungacelwa ukuthi kwenziwe i-CT scan yezinso noma i-renal ultrasound.
Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka komgudu womchamo, njengomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu esiswini sakho esingezansi, kungaba ukutheleleka kwezinso. Kodwa-ke,
ungazami ukwenza izinqumo wedwa. Ukwelapha kanjani ukutheleleka kwezinso?
Ukutheleleka kwezinso kuvame ukwelashwa ngama
-antibiotic . Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic okufanele uwaphuze ngomlomo noma ngomjovo. Kuzodingeka uthathe le mithi njengoba nje uyalelwe okungenani izinsuku ezingu-14 (amasonto amabili). Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe imithi isikhathi eside. Uma ugula kakhulu, unomkhuhlane oqhubekayo, uhlanza, ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, noma ungazizwa ungcono ngokushesha ngama-antibiotic, kungadingeka
ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela futhi unikezwe i-saline kanye nama-antibiotic ngemithambo yegazi .
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi ezinikezwayo?
Udokotela angase akunike umuthi wokulwa namagciwane owodwa noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngesimo sakho kanye nombiko wokukhuliswa komchamo (okuzothatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukufika):
- `I-Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)`
- 'Amoxicillin' noma 'Augmentin'
- `Ceftriaxone` noma `Cephalexin`
- `Ciprofloxacin` noma `Levofloxacin`
Lena eminye yemithi evame ukunqunywa udokotela. Kodwa-ke, udokotela uzonquma umuthi ofanele wena.
Ngizolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokuthatha umuthi?
Ngokuvamile, uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kusukela uqala ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotic. Umkhuhlane uzoncipha, ubuhlungu buzoncipha. Kwabanye abantu, kungathatha isikhathi eside.
Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uphuze yonke imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa usuku olulodwa, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono.Uma kungenjalo, uma uyeka ukuyisebenzisa, ukutheleleka kungabuya, mhlawumbe kube kubi nakakhulu, futhi amabhaktheriya angaba namandla okumelana nama-antibiotic.
Asikwazi yini ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwezinso? Yini okufanele siyenze?
Ukutheleleka kwezinso kuvame ukuqala ngokutheleleka kwesinye. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract engezansi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala nesingcono kakhulu sokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwezinso. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza ukuze wenze lokho:
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Phuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-8-10 ngosuku. Lokhu kuzosiza ekukhipheni umchamo, okuzosiza ekunciphiseni amathuba okuthi amagciwane akheke endaweni eyodwa. Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi udinga amanzi angakanani.
- Ungagodli uma udinga ukuchama: Khulula isinye sakho ngokuphelele uma sesigcwele. Ukugcina umchamo kwandisa amathuba okukhula kwamagciwane.
- Chama ngaphambi nangemva kocansi: Lokhu kukhipha amagciwane okungenzeka ukuthi angene emgudwini womchamo ngesikhathi socansi.
- Hlala uhlanzekile: Geza umzimba wakho nsuku zonke futhi uhlale uhlanzekile. Shintsha izingubo zakho zangaphansi nsuku zonke. Ungagqoki izingubo zangaphansi ezimanzi noma ezijulukayo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izingubo zangaphansi ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana nekotini.
- Uma uya endlini yokugezela, sula kusukela phambili kuya emuva: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane. Ukusula ngale ndlela kusiza ukuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni esithweni sangasese sowesifazane kanye ne-urethra.
- Qaphela lapho usebenzisa insipho nama-deodorant endaweni yesitho sangasese sowesifazane: Insipho enamandla kanye nezifutho kungabhubhisa amagciwane avikelayo emvelo esitho sangasese sowesifazane, okwenza kube lula ukuthi angenwe yizifo.
Kwenzekani uma uthola ukutheleleka kwezinso? Yini ongayenza ekhaya?
Ngokuvamile, izifo zezinso, uma zelashwa ngokushesha, zizophola ngokushesha futhi zingabangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezinjengalezi, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa:
- Uma ubuhlungu obukhulu, uma ungakwazi ukulawula umkhuhlane wakho, uma uqhubeka nokuhlanza.
- Uma unezifo kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho (isib. i-sepsis).
- Uma unesifo esiyimfihlo (njengesifo sikashukela, i-HIV) esenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka.
- Uma ukutheleleka kungapheli ngama-antibiotic anikezwa ekhaya.
Ekhaya,
into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha ama-antibiotic anqunywe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho:
- Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. Lokhu kuzosiza izinso zakho ukulwa nezifo futhi kusize ekukhipheni amagciwane.
- Gwema utshwala neziphuzo ezine-caffeine (itiye, ikhofi, i-cola) isikhashana. Lokhu kuvuselela isinyi futhi kungandisa isidingo sokuchama kaningi.
- Phumula ngokwanele. Ukuphumula umzimba wakho kuyawusiza ukuthi ululame ekuthelelekeni.
- Uma ubuhlungu bubuhlungu, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu ofanele. Ukufaka ibhodlela lamanzi ashisayo emhlane wakho nakho kungakunikeza impumuzo.
Khumbula, ungazami ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwezinso ngemithi yasekhaya kuphela. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.
Yiziphi izikhathi ezingcono kakhulu zokuya kudokotela? Ingabe kudingeka ngiye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ?
Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka kwezinso, njengobunzima bokuchama, izinguquko emchameni wakho (njengegazi noma umchamo omnyama), noma ubuhlungu bomhlane kanye nomkhuhlane,
kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Uma unezimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezimbi
, kufanele uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze (ER) ngokushesha:- Kulungile ukuba nomkhuhlane omkhulu ngokuzumayo, noma ukuba nobuhlungu bomhlane obungabekezeleleki.
- Cishe akukho ukuchama, noma kuncane kakhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukucasuka, kanye nokozela.
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula.
- Ukuhlanza okungenakunqandeka.
- Uzizwa sengathi uphenduka ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Lezi akuzona izimpawu ezinhle okufanele uziqaphele, futhi kudingeka iseluleko sezokwelapha esisheshayo.
Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
Uma ubona udokotela wakho, kufanele ube nokuqonda okuhle ngesimo sakho. Ngakho-ke kuzokusiza ukubuza le mibuzo:
- Kufanele ngiyisebenzise kanjani le mithi? Kufanele ngiyithathe isikhathi esingakanani?
- Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi evela kulo muthi?
- Yini enye engingayenza ekhaya ukuze ngisizwe ngilulame ngokushesha? Ingabe kukhona okufanele ngikunake ngokukhethekile uma kukhulunywa ngokudla nokuphuza?
- Kufanele ngiqale nini ukubuyela emsebenzini?
- Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivimbele ukutheleleka kwezinso ukuthi kungenzeki futhi?
- Ingabe lokhu kutheleleka kungabangela umonakalo wesikhathi eside ezinso zami?
- Ingabe kufanele ngize ngiyobona udokotela futhi?
Ngaphezu kwale mibuzo, ungesabi ukubuza noma yini onayo.
Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Ukutheleleka kwezinso kuyisimo esidinga ukunakwa okuthile. Kodwa-ke,
uma ubona izimpawu kusenesikhathi, ubonane nodokotela ngesikhathi, futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele, ungakwelapha ngokuphelele. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Khumbula, ngokugcina inhlanzeko enhle, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, nokuthulula isinyi sakho ngokuphelele ngesikhathi, ungavame ukuvimbela ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukutheleleka kwezinso. Uma ungumuntu othola ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo njalo, noma uma unesifo esingaphansi esikwenza uthambekele kakhulu ekuthelelekeni (isib. isifo sikashukela, amatshe ezinso), khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso kanye nezindlela ezikhethekile zokuvimbela ukutheleleka. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Qaphela!
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