Ingabe umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka ngokuzumayo? Ake sixoxe ngeNhlekelele Yomfutho Wegazi Ophakeme!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma umfutho wegazi lakho, noma "umfutho wegazi" njengoba sonke sikwazi, ukhuphuka kakhulu ngokuzumayo? Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe unesizungu noma uzizwe sengathi kukhona okungajwayelekile esifubeni sakho. Lesi yisimo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypertension crisis. Lesi yisimo esibucayi, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sazi kahle ukuthi senzeni ngaso.

Iyini inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophakeme? Ake sithole ukuthi ikuphi ngempela!

Kalula nje, inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu ilapho umfutho wegazi wakho uphakama ngokuzumayo kakhulu. Manje ungase ubuze, "Kufanele ube yini umfutho wegazi wakho ojwayelekile?" Ake sibone.

Umfutho wegazi ojwayelekile womuntu ophilile kufanele ube kanje:

• Inombolo ephezulu (ingcindezi ye-systolic) : kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwamamilimitha ayi-120 e-mercury (mm Hg).
• Inani eliphansi (umfutho we-diastolic) : Kufanele libe ngaphansi kwamamilimitha angu-80 e-mercury (mm Hg).

Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi "seNhlekelele Ephakeme Kakhulu" lezi zinombolo zikhuphuka ngendlela engenakucatshangwa:

• Umkhawulo ophezulu : 180 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu, kanye/noma
• Inani eliphansi : 120 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu.

Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyikhumbule: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umfutho wegazi wakho ufinyelela la mazinga, kufanele uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwesimo esiphuthumayo lwenzeka kubantu abahlushwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu). Lokhu kusho ukuthi umfutho wegazi wabo uhlala uphakeme kunojwayelekile. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, phakathi kuka-1% no-2% wabantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu bangaba nesifo "se-Hypertensive Crisis". Kodwa, ngokumangazayo, lesi simo singavela ngisho nakumuntu ongakaze abe nenkinga yomfutho wegazi ngaphambili.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu, akunjalo? Ziyini?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu `(Inkinga Ephakeme Kakhulu)`. Ake sixoxe ngalokho ngemininingwane ethe xaxa .

1. Ukuphuthuma Okubangelwa Umfutho Wegazi:

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka kakhulu, ufike ku-180/120 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu okukhulunywe ngakho ngaphambili. Kodwa, okubaluleke kakhulu, akukho monakalo ezithweni zakho zangaphakathi. Abanye odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi "umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawulwa" esikhundleni sokuthi "umfutho wegazi ophakeme". Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe yiliphi igama, into eyinhloko lapha ukubuyisela ngokushesha umfutho wakho ezingeni elinempilo.

2. Isimo Esiphuthumayo Somfutho Wegazi Ophakeme:

Lolu uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu. Umfutho wegazi lakho nawo ukhuphuka kakhulu, kodwa futhi udala umonakalo omusha ezithweni zomzimba wakho, noma ubhebhethekise umonakalo okhona.Cabanga nje, lokhu kungalimaza izitho ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo yakho, i-aorta, amehlo, ubuchopho nezinso. Ngisho nezimo ezifana ne-preeclampsia enzima kanye ne-eclampsia ezenzeka komama abakhulelwe ziwela kulesi sigaba "se-Hypertensive Emergency".

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi "Umfutho Wegazi Oyingozi." Empeleni yigama elidala elalisetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Lalisho ukwanda okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi okungazelelwe okwadala umonakalo ezinso nasemahlweni. Abanye odokotela basasebenzisa igama elithi "Isimo Esiphuthumayo Esiphezulu Kwegazi" lapho bekhuluma "Ngesimo Esiphuthumayo Esiphezulu Kwegazi." Kodwa-ke, odokotela namuhla bakhetha ukusebenzisa igama elithi "Isimo Esiphuthumayo Esiphezulu Kwegazi" ngoba linencazelo ecacile namuhla.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona? Uzibona kanjani?

Izimpawu "zenkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu" zincike ekutheni izitho zomzimba zonakele noma cha, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili.

Ukuphuthuma Okuphezulu Komfutho Wegazi (okusho ukuthi, lapho ingcindezi iphezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokulimala kwezitho zomzimba) ngokuvamile akubangeli zimpawu. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuthi ingcindezi yakho yegazi iphakeme kakhulu yini ukuthi ilinganiswe. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuzizwa ungakhululekile futhi wesaba (Ukukhathazeka)
• Ikhanda elincane.
• Ukopha okuvela ekhaleni
• Ubunzima obuncane bokuphefumula

Izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo somfutho wegazi ophakeme (okungukuthi, lapho ingcindezi ibangela ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba) zimbi kakhulu futhi zifaka:

• Ushintsho esimweni sengqondo (ukukhathazeka, ukudideka)
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Isiyezi (i-vertigo)
• Ukuvuvukala komzimba (i-Edema)
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ukukhishwa komchamo okuncane kunokujwayelekile
• Ukudlikizela (isimo sokudlikizela, esifana nokuqina komzimba)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Izimpawu zokukhubazeka (isibonelo, ukugoba okungazelelwe kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe ezingalweni kanye/noma emilenzeni)
• Izinguquko zombono (njengobuhlungu bamehlo, ukulahlekelwa umbono, ukubona okufiphele ngokuzumayo)

Uma udokotela ekuxilonga, ungase ubone izimpawu ezinjengalezi "ezimweni eziphuthumayo ze-Hypertensive":

• Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi ye-jugular
• Imisindo yokubhonga lapho ulalele amaphaphu
• Imisindo yenhliziyo engavamile eyayingekho ngaphambili (ukububula kwenhliziyo)
• Izimpawu zomonakalo emithanjeni yegazi ngemuva kweso
• Ubuthakathaka obungavamile, obungalingani obusolisayo ngesimo sokukhubazeka

Kungani lesi simo senzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani "inkinga yokucindezeleka kwegazi" efana nale ingenzeka. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko:

• Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukuthi awuphuzi imithi yakho yomfutho wegazi ngendlela efanele futhi njengoba uyalelwe. Uma uphuthelwa umthamo wakho nganoma yisiphi isizathu, usengozini yokuthi lokhu kwenzeke.
• Ukuyeka ngokuzumayo imithi esetshenziselwa umfutho wegazi.
• Imithi esebenzisana neminye imithi oyiphuzayo.
• Isifo sezinso.
• Izinkinga ze-endocrine.
• I-Preeclampsia noma i-eclampsia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile eziluthayo.
• Ukulimala ekhanda (ukulimala ekhanda).
• Isimila sobuchopho.
• Eminye imithi oyithathayo ngenxa yezinye izimo.

Eminye imithi engabangela "inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu" yile:

• Izinhlobo ze-Steroids
• Eminye imithi yokucindezeleka
• I-Cyclosporine
• I-Pseudoephedrine, etholakala kweminye imithi yomkhuhlane kanye ne-flu

Ubani osengozini enkulu? (Izici Eziyingozi)

Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba "ne-Hypertensive Crisis" kunabanye. Ake sibone ukuthi bangobani:

• Kulabo abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Kwabesilisa.
• Kubantu abamnyama (lokhu kungase kusekelwe ezicini zofuzo kanye nezenhlalo-mnotho).
• Umuthi onikezwayo womfutho wegazi ulungele labo abangawusebenzisi njalo.
• Kulabo abasebenzisa imithi evuselelayo ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

Yiziphi izinkinga eziyingozi ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Uma ingcindezi ikhuphuka ifike kuleli zinga eliyingozi, ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, okungazelelwe (ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu).
• Ukuqongelela uketshezi ngokuzumayo emaphashini (i-acute pulmonary edema).
• Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi wezinso ngokuzumayo (ukwehluleka kwezinso okukhulu).
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-aorta kuwukudabuka emthanjeni wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wakho, i-aorta.
• Ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho (ukuvuza kwegazi ngaphakathi kobuchopho).
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kubangelwa ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni.
• Isifo sohlangothi esibangelwa ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni (`i-ischemic stroke`).
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesikhashana kokusebenza kobuchopho (`i-hypertensive encephalopathy`).

Cabanga ngokuthi konke lokhu kuyingozi kangakanani. Yingakho kubalulekile ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho futhi ufune ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka "inkinga yokucindezeleka kwegazi".

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu ngokunembile?

Udokotela uzoqala alinganise umfutho wegazi lakho ezingalweni zombili. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, bakhulume ngezimpawu zakho, bese benza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Kungase kudingeke futhi benze izivivinyo ezithile ukuze bathole imbangela yesimo sakho.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa ezingenziwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) okuqopha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fundoscopic (ukuhlolwa kwengaphakathi leso)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological
• I-Ultrasound yenhliziyo (i-Transthoracic echocardiogram)
• I-"Computed Tomography (CT) scan" yesifuba nekhanda

Uma unezimpawu zokulimala kwezitho zomzimba ezintsha, udokotela wakho uzokuthola ukuthi une-"Hypertensive Emergency". Uma zingekho izimpawu ezinjalo, kuzotholakala ukuthi "i-Hypertensive Emergency".

Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe ingelapheka ngokushesha?

"Inkinga Yokucindezeleka Okuphezulu Kwegazi" yelashwa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela. Odokotela bazokunikeza imithi futhi behlise umfutho wegazi lakho liye ezingeni eliphephile.

• Uma kungekho ukulimala kwesitho somzimba (uma kwenzeka 'kunesiphepho esiphuthumayo'): Uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ngalolo suku (nemithi okufanele uyithathe ekhaya).
• Kodwa, uma une-"Hypertensive Emergency": Kuzodingeka uhlale egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile esibhedlela (ICU) izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lapho, odokotela bazokunikeza imithi ngqo emthanjeni (indlela ye-"IV - intravenous"). Bazophinde baqaphe umfutho wegazi wakho njalo.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizonquma ukuthi uzokwehlisa ngokushesha kangakanani umfutho wegazi lakho, licabangela ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo. Kwezinye izimo, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi lakho ngokushesha kakhulu kungabangela ukuthi izitho zakho nezicubu zakho zingatholi igazi elanele. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bangase behlise umfutho wegazi lakho kancane kancane, esikhathini esingamahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezimo ezifana nokuqhekeka komthambo wegazi, i-preeclampsia enzima, noma i-eclampsia, odokotela bazokwehlisa umfutho wegazi wakho ngokushesha ngesikhathi senhlekelele yomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izinzuzo zokwehlisa umfutho wegazi wakho zidlula kakhulu izingozi ezincane.

Imithi enikezwa ukwelashwa

Nazi ezinye zemithi enikezwa ukwelapha "inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu":

• 'I-Captopril'
• `I-Clevidipine`
• `I-Clonidine`
• `I-Esmolol`
• `I-Hydralazine`
• `I-Labetalol`
• `I-Nicardipine`
• `I-Nifedipine`
• `I-Nitroglycerin`
• `I-Nitroprusside`

Odokotela bazokhetha umuthi ofanelana nezidingo zakho. Bazocabangela nezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha kanye neminye imithi oyithathayo. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi uma ubona le mithi, udokotela/owesifazane ozonquma ukuthi yikuphi okukulungele.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma umfutho wegazi lakho ungo-180/120 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu, shayela ku-911 (1990 Suwaseriya Ambulance Service eSri Lanka) ngokushesha, noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze. Udinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo!

Ngemva kokwelashwa "ngenkinga yokucindezeleka kwegazi", bona udokotela wakho ojwayelekile. Angase anqume "ukulungisa" imithi yakho yokucindezeleka kwegazi. Uzokhuluma nawe nganoma yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka uzenze empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Isibonelo, ungase welulekwe ukuthi ushintshe lokho okudlayo (landela ukudla okufana nokudla kwe-DASH) noma wengeze ukuzivocavoca okwengeziwe ohlelweni lwakho.

Ingabe lokhu kuzophinde kwenzeke kimi? Yini okufanele ngiyazi?

"Inkinga Ephakeme Kakhulu" iyisibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso sokuthi umfutho wegazi wakho awukho ezingeni elifanele. Udokotela wakho angakusiza wehlise umfutho wegazi wakho futhi uwugcine usezingeni elifanele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti akho okulandelela futhi uphuze imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile.

Kuvamile ukuthi noma ubani azizwe esaba lapho ezwa igama elithi “Inkinga.” Ungase ucabange, “O, ingabe umfutho wegazi lami uzophinde ukhuphuke kanje?” Uma uthola ukuthi une-“Hypertensive Crisis,” ungase uzibuze nokuthi izoyithinta kanjani impilo yakho nekusasa lakho.

Kodwa khumbula, kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani umfutho wegazi lakho ungaba phezulu kangaka. Odokotela baqeqeshwe ukuhlonza izimbangela ezihlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Uma usuyazi imbangela, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yokuthi iphinde yenzeke.

Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukubeka izikhumbuzo zokuthatha imithi yakho. Noma, kungase kusho ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngemithi oyithathayo ngezinye izizathu bese uyilungisa. Isinyathelo ngasinye osithathayo ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho manje sizokusiza ekuvikeleni ezinkingeni ezinkulu esikhathini esizayo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kulokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, singakukhumbuza futhi ngezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esikhulume ngazo okudingeka uzikhumbule?

• Inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu ilapho umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka ufike ku-180/120 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
• Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalokhu: `Isimo Esiphuthumayo Esiphezulu` esingenamonakalo wesitho kanye `Isimo Esiphuthumayo Esiphezulu` esinomonakalo wesitho.
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo, noma zingase zihlanganise ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nokungaboni kahle.
• Isizathu esiyinhloko ukungasebenzisi imithi enikezwe umfutho wegazi ngendlela efanele. Isifo sezinso kanye nemithi ethile nakho kungabangela lokhu.
• Uma ingcindezi ingu-180/120 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu, hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
• Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Kungase kudingeke futhi uhlale esibhedlela.
• Ukuze uvimbele lokhu kungenzeki futhi, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, thatha imithi yakho ngendlela efanele, bese wenza izinguquko ezidingekayo endleleni yokuphila.

Okokugcina, nakekela umfutho wegazi lakho. Hlola njalo. Ngoba, ukuze uphile impilo enempilo, kubaluleke kakhulu kithi sonke ukuqaphela lo "mbulali othule". Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma umbelethisi. Bazokusiza!

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme , Inkinga Yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, Umfutho wegazi, Isifo Senhliziyo, Umfutho wegazi ophakeme