Ingabe umuntu wakho osekhulile unalezi zimpawu? Ake sifunde nge-hydrocephalus evamile yokucindezeleka (NPH)

Wake waphawula ukuthi umama wakho osekhulile, ubaba, noma ugogo wakho ulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yakhe futhi ukuthola kunzima ukuhamba njengoba ekhula? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile ezenzeka njengoba sikhula. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nesinye isizathu salezi zimo. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesimo esikhethekile esingase sibukeke njenge-dementia, kodwa singelapheka uma selashwa . Leso yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus)` noma `(NPH)`.

Kuyini `(I-Hydrocephalus Ejwayelekile Yokucindezela - NPH)`?

Kalula nje, `(I-Hydrocephalus Ejwayelekile Yokucindezela)` noma `(NPH)` yisimo lapho uketshezi luqoqana khona ebuchosheni bethu noma luzungeze, luphazamisa ukusebenza kobuchopho . Cabanga ngakho njengebhakede eligcwele amanzi. Lokhu kungathinta imisebenzi eminingi elawulwa ubuchopho, njengokucabanga, ukugxila, inkumbulo, nokuhamba. Into ekhethekile ukuthi yize izimpawu zalokhu zifana kakhulu ne-dementia, lesi simo `(NPH)` ngezinye izikhathi singelashwa futhi selapheke .

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo `(NPH)`?

Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi ``(NPH)`` , sivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65. Ingozi yokuthola lesi simo iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Ngokuvamile siqala cishe eminyakeni engama-70.

Ukukhula kweminyaka kuyisici esiyinhloko esiyingozi salokhu. Izinto ezifana nohlanga, umbala, kanye nobulili azikuthinti lokhu.

Kuvame kangakanani `(NPH)`?

Nakuba kungavamile, i-NPH iyisimo esaziwayo phakathi kodokotela. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe u-0.2% wabantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-70 no-80 banalesi simo, kanti cishe u-5.9% wabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-80 banaso. Lokho kusho ukuthi cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-8.4 abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-80 emhlabeni wonke bahlushwa yilesi simo. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, asivamile kakhulu kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-65, kuthinta u-0.003% kuphela walelo qembu leminyaka.

Kwenzekani uma une-`(NPH)`? Kuthinta kanjani ubuchopho?

I-NPH ibangelwa ukunqwabelana koketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ebuchosheni . Lolu ketshezi lufana namanzi. Luyondla ubuchopho futhi lususe imfucuza. Ubuchopho bomuntu omdala obujwayelekile buqukethe cishe amamililitha angu-150 (ama-ounces ama-5) e-CSF. Lokho kungaphansi kwengxenye yenani elisethini le-Coke. Imizimba yethu ihlala yenza, ijikeleza, futhi iyimunca lolu ketshezi ukuze ilugcine lusezingeni elifanayo.

Nakuba lolu ketshezi luncane ngobuningi, ludlala indima enkulu. Lolu ketshezi lwe-"(CSF)" luzungeza ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla ngaphakathi komgogodla. Ngamanye amazwi, ubuchopho bethu buntanta kulolu ketshezi . Lusebenza futhi njengomqamelo ovikela ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla ekushaqekeni kwangaphandle.

Ngakho-ke, uma umzimba wethu ungakwazi ukujikeleza kahle lolu ketshezi lwe-"(CSF)" noma ukulumunca kabusha, lolu ketshezi luqala ukunqwabelana ngaphezu kwalokho okufanele lukwenze ngaphakathi kwekhanda.

Ku-`(NPH)`, lolu ketshezi lukhula kancane, ngakho-ke noma ngabe ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda `(Intracranial Pressure)` iyanda, ihlala ngaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile . (Yingakho ibizwa nangokuthi `(Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus)` - "Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus"). Ngoba, ngaphakathi kobuchopho bethu kunezimbobo ezigcwele uketshezi ezibizwa ngokuthi `(Ventricles)`, ezingaphatha okunye kwalokhu kwakheka koketshezi.

Kodwa, njengoba i-`(CSF)` iqhubeka nokuqongelela, akukho ndawo lapho lolo ketshezi lungaya khona. Ngemuva kwalokho, ubuchopho buqala ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala . Yilokho okubangela izimpawu zalesi sifo. Uma ubuchopho buvuvukala kanje isikhathi eside, ingcindezi ingabangela umonakalo ongapheli ezicutshini zobuchopho, noma ibubhubhise.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(NPH)`?

Izimpawu ze-`(NPH)` zivame ukukhula kancane, zikhula kancane kancane esikhathini sezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha . Kunezimpawu ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-`(NPH)`, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Hakim's Triad . Abantu abaphakathi kuka-50% no-75% abane-`(NPH)` banazo zonke lezi zimpawu ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-Hakim's Triad ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu zezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Izinkinga zokuhamba
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo
• Izinkinga zokuqonda

Ubunzima bokuhamba

Lezi yizinkinga zokunyakaza okuhlobene nokuhamba. Lesi sibonakaliso sivame kakhulu kulezi ezintathu. Phakathi kuka-80% no-95% wabantu abane-NPH banalezi zimpawu. Ezinye zezimpawu zingafana nezinkinga zokunyakaza zesifo sikaParkinson , kodwa umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ku-NPH, lezi zimpawu zivame ukukhawulelwa emilenzeni nasezinyaweni.

Uma une-`(NPH)`, lezi zinto zingase zenzeke:

• Kuba nzima ukuphakamisa imilenze . Lokhu kwenza imilenze ibonakale inamathele phansi lapho uhamba. Kuthiwa kufana nobunzima bokuzama ukususa i-magnet ebusweni.
• Izinyawo zincane futhi ziyaxega . Lokhu kwenza kubonakale sengathi imilenze iyahudula uma uhamba. Kukhona nethuba elikhulu lokukhubeka nokuwa.
• Ukuhamba kungase kume ngokuzumayo noma kuhambe ngokungazi . Kungase kubonakale sengathi awukwazi ukunquma ukuthi uthathe isinyathelo noma uqhubekele phambili ngemva kokuqala ukuhamba. Ungase futhi ungabaze lapho ujika kakhulu ngenkathi uhamba, futhi ungase ube nobunzima bokujika.
• Uma uhamba, izinzwane zezinyawo ziphendukela ngaphandle . Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zivule imilenze yazo futhi zihambe ziye kolunye uhlangothi, njengephengwini.

Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo

Lokhu ukulahlekelwa ukulawula isinyi kanye nokuvuza komchamo okungenangozi. Ezigabeni zokuqala, ungase uzizwe unesidingo sokuchama njalo, noma ungase uzizwe unesidingo esikhulu sokuchama esiphuthumayo okunzima ukusilawula.

Abantu abanalesi simo bangase babe namahloni uma belahlekelwa ukulawula umchamo wabo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abakuqapheli lokhu, futhi bazizwa benamahloni.Akunandaba ngisho nokuthi kunjalo. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yobunzima bokucabanga, okuyisici sesithathu se-triad kaHakeem.

Ubunzima bokucabanga nokukhumbula

Isici sesithathu esiyinhloko se-NPH ubunzima bokucabanga kanye nenkumbulo. Lokhu kungabangela izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukucotha kwengqondo nomzimba . Umuntu ubonakala ecabanga futhi enza izinto kancane kunokujwayelekile.
• Izinkinga zenkumbulo . Uvame ukukhohlwa izinto futhi ubonakale usebenza ngaphandle kokucabanga.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwabaphathi : Ubunzima bokulawula imizwa, imicabango, nezenzo. Ubunzima bokugxila, ukwenza izinqumo, kanye nokuba nenkinga yokucabanga kahle.
• Izinguquko emizweni . Abantu abane-NPH bangase babonakale bengenandaba futhi baphelelwe yisithakazelo ezintweni ababezijabulela ngaphambili.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-`(NPH)`?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-`(NPH)`, zombili ezenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Izinhlobo ezimbili yilezi:

• I-NPH eyinhloko (idiopathic)
• I-NPH yesibili

Okuyinhloko (imbangela ayaziwa) `(NPH)`

I-NPH eyinhloko isho ukuthi ayibangelwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha. Elinye igama lalokhu yi -idiopathic , okuyigama elisetshenziswa ochwepheshe ukuchaza izimo ezikhula ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile . Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi i-idiopathic NPH ingase ihlobane nenkinga eyodwa noma ngaphezulu eyenzeka ngokuguga endleleni imizimba yethu eyenza, ijikeleze, futhi imunce ngayo uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Cishe ingxenye yabo bonke abaguli be-NPH bawela kulesi sigaba.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, imizimba yethu ikhiqiza phakathi kwamamililitha angu-400 no-600 e-`(CSF)` ngosuku. Lokho kungaphezu kwalokho esikudingayo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele siqhubeke nokumunca i-`(CSF)` endala ukuze senze indawo ye-`(CSF)` entsha. Uma kunenkinga ngendlela i-`(CSF)` ejikeleza ngayo noma emuncwa ngayo kabusha, umzimba ungenza i-`(CSF)` eningi kunalokho okudingayo, okubangela ukuthi lolu ketshezi luqongelelane.

Kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi i-NPH ingase ihlotshaniswe nezifo zobuchopho eziwohlokayo njengesifo i-Alzheimer's kanye ne-Lewy body dementia . Abacwaningi basazama ukuthola ukuthi i-NPH ikhula kanjani nokuthi kungani, nokuthi ezinye izimo zingayithinta yini. Ukuphendula le mibuzo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni noma ekwelapheni kangcono lesi simo esikhathini esizayo.

`(NPH)` Yesibili

I-NPH yesibili yenzeka lapho esinye isimo sezokwelapha sithinta indlela umzimba wethu okhiqiza, ojikeleza ngayo, noma ophinde umunce ngayo uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Ezinye izimo ezingabangela i-NPH yesibili zifaka:

• I-brain aneurysm (ukuvuvukala emthanjeni wegazi okungaqhuma futhi kuphume igazi liye ezicutshini zobuchopho).
• Ukopha ngaphakathi noma eduze kobuchopho (ukuvuza kwegazi ngaphakathi kobuchopho).
• Izimila zobuchopho (kufaka phakathi umdlavuza)
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho noma izingxenye ezihlobene zesimiso sezinzwa (isibonelo , i-encephalitis noma i-meningitis ).
• Isifo sohlangothi .
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (i-TBI) kufaka phakathi ukulimala kobuchopho noma izindawo ezihlobene ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Kuhlonzwa kanjani ukuthi i-`(NPH)` inesifo?

Ukuxilonga i-NPH kunzima kancane, ngoba izimpawu eziningi zalesi simo zifana nezezinye izifo ezihlobene nokuguga, njenge- dementia . I-NPH ivame kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izifo ezihlobene nokuguga. Cishe abantu abangu-30% abane-NPH nabo banesifo i-Alzheimer's noma isifo sobuchopho esifanayo.

Udokotela uxilonga i-NPH esebenzisa inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba nangokwezinzwa . Kulokhu, udokotela ubheka izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokugula. Uphinde ahlole izinzwa zakho (ukubona, ukuzwa, ukuthinta), ukusabela komzimba, kanye namandla emisipha ezithweni zakho.
• Ukubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu . Amarekhodi akho ezokwelapha, umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nezimpawu kungakunikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile zokuxilonga i-NPH.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe zokuxilonga . Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-magnetic resonance (MRI) kuyithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-NPH. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abheke ngaphakathi kwekhanda lakho futhi abone ubuchopho nezindawo lapho uketshezi luqoqene khona. Udokotela wakho angase futhi acele ukuthwebula izithombe ze-cisternogram , kodwa lokhu akuvamile. Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-computed tomography (CT) kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ezinye izimo, kodwa akusizi kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-NPH.
• Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu . Ukubhoboza i-lumbar ( inqubo ehilela ukuthatha inani elincane loketshezi emgogodleni) kuvumela udokotela ukuthi athathe isampula yoketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) ukuze ihlolwe. Lokhu akukwazi ukuxilonga i-NPH ngqo, kodwa kungasiza ekunqumeni ezinye izimo. Kungasiza futhi ekuxilongeni uma i-NPH ibangelwa esinye isimo, njenge-meningitis. Ukubhoboza i-lumbar kungasusa nenye ye-CSF eningi, okungase kunciphise okwesikhashana izimpawu (kodwa izimpawu zizobuya lapho i-CSF ingezwa futhi).

Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase akucele nezinye izivivinyo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze kunqunywe ezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifana neze-NPH. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngalezi zivivinyo nokuthi kungani zibalulekile.

Ilashwa kanjani i-`(NPH)`? Ingabe ikhona ikhambi eliphelele lalokhu?

Ngokuvamile, i-NPH iyisimo esingelapheka.. Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-NPH iyinhloko/i-idiopathic noma ingeyesibili. Ngokungafani nezinye izifo eziningi zobuchopho, imithi ayisetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha i-NPH. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-NPH ivame ukungasabeli emithini (yize ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene ne-NPH zingelashwa ngemithi).

Ukwelashwa kwe-primary/idiopathic `(NPH)`

Imbangela eyinhloko/engaziwa (i-NPH) ivame ukwelapheka. Ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu - futhi okuphumelelayo kakhulu - kwalokhu ukufakwa ngokuhlinzwa kwedivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-shunt . I-shunt inamapayipi amabili (ama-catheter), elilodwa lokuvumela uketshezi lungene kanye nelinye lokukhipha, kanye ne-valve phakathi kwalawa amabili. Uma ama-ventricle obuchopho egcwele uketshezi kakhulu, ingcindezi eyengeziwe iphoqa uketshezi lungene epayipini lokungena, ivule i-valve futhi ivumele uketshezi oluningi luphume ngepayipi lokukhipha.

Amanye ama-valve amasha e-shunt enziwa "ahleleke," okusho ukuthi udokotela angashintsha izilungiselelo zawo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ayabonakala ku-"X-ray," ngakho udokotela angabheka i-valve futhi aqinisekise ukuthi izilungiselelo zilungile. Amanye ama-shunt amasha "aphephile kwi-MRI," okusho ukuthi ungenza i-scan ye-"MRI" noma ngabe unalolu hlobo lwe-valve.

Ipayipi lokukhipha amanzi liphuma ngembobo encane ekhanda (udokotela wenza lembobo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze afake i-shunt). Ngemva kokuphuma ekhanda, ipayipi liphenduka liye phansi bese liya ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Leli payipi lokukhipha amanzi liqondisa uketshezi esifubeni noma esiswini.

Uma ipayipi liqondiswa esiswini (okuvame ukwenziwa), uketshezi ludonswa yi-peritoneum, ulwelwesi oluzungeze izitho eziningi zesisu. Uma liqondiswa esifubeni, i-CSF idonswa yi-pleural membrane ezungeze amaphaphu.

`(NPH)` Yesibili

I-NPH yesibili ingelapheka, kodwa kuphela uma isimo sibangelwa yisimo esingelapheka . Ukwelashwa kwe-NPH yesibili kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngembangela eyinhloko. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakhuluma naye mayelana nokwelashwa okutholakalayo kanye nalokho abakuncomayo.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga zokwelashwa?

Imiphumela emibi yokwelapha i-NPH iyahlukahluka kuye ngokwelashwa. Ku-NPH eyinhloko/engaziwa, ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu ukufaka i-shunt ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kuvinjelwe i-CSF eningi ukuthi ingaqongelelani ngaphakathi kwekhanda. Eminye yemiphumela emibi yalokhu kuhlinzwa ifaka (kodwa ayigcini lapho):

• Izifo
• Ukungasebenzi kahle noma ukwehluleka kwe-shunt
• Ukushintsha kwesikhundla ku-valve kanye/noma amashubhu
• Ukuvuza okukhulu kwe-`(CSF)` nge-shunt (lokhu kubangela ukwehla kwengcindezi ye-`(CSF)`, ebizwa nangokuthi `(Intracranial hypotension)` ).

Ku-NPH yesibili, ukwelashwa okutholakalayo kungahluka. Futhi, imiphumela emibi nezinkinga kungahluka. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukukutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi ongayilindela nokuthi yini engenziwa ngazo.

Ngingazilawula kanjani izimpawu uma ngingazinakekeli?

I-NPH akuyona inkinga ongayixilonga noma uyelaphe wedwa. Ngakho-ke, ungazinaki izimpawu noma uzame ukuzelapha wena noma omunye umuntu onalezi zimpawu wedwa .

Ngizozizwa ngingcono isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokwelashwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokwelashwa?

Izimpawu zalesi simo zingaqala ukuthuthuka cishe ngokushesha ngokufakwa kwe-shunt. Uma ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusheshe, kulapho kuphumelela khona kakhulu.

Iningi labantu libona ukwehla kwezimpawu zingakapheli amahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokufakwa kwe-shunt. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-shunt iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kungathatha abantu abaningi izinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa ukululama kuyo. Udokotela wakho nguyena kuphela ongakutshela ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njengoba izici eziningi zithinta isikhathi sakho sokululama.

Ngingayinciphisa yini ingozi yokutheleleka (i-NPH) noma ngiyivimbele ngokuphelele?

I-NPH yenzeka ngokungalindelekile, futhi cishe ingxenye yamacala ayi-idiopathic, okusho ukuthi akhula ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo. I-Idiopathic NPH ayinakuvinjelwa , futhi ingozi yokuyithola ayinakuncishiswa.

Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-NPH yesibili ngokugwema ezinye izifo noma izimo ezingabangela lesi simo. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:

• Ungakushayi indiva ukutheleleka , ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka kwamehlo nendlebe. Lokhu kungasakazeka kalula kuye ebuchosheni futhi kubangele izimo ezifana ne -encephalitis noma i-meningitis .
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela . Ukulimala kobuchopho okulimazayo kungabangela i-NPH yesibili. Ukugqoka imishini yokuzivikela njengesigqoko kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lokhu kulimala.
• Lawula izimo zakho zempilo . Izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu zingabangela ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni kanye nokopha kwegazi ebuchosheni. Zombili lezi zingabangela i-NPH. Ukulawula umfutho wegazi wakho kanye nokuphatha izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 noma i-cholesterol ephezulu kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yalezi zinkinga.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-`(NPH)`?

I-NPH iyicala elikhethekile lezimo ezifana ne-dementia ngoba ivame ukuguqulwa . Kodwa-ke, ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuguqula lesi simo liwukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi . Lapho ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa sekwephuzile, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi umonakalo ebuchosheni obangelwa ukucindezeleka ube mkhulu futhi unomphela.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-NPH ivame ukuthinta ikhono lakho lokucabanga, abantu abaningi abanalesi simo abazi ukuthi banaso. Umndeni, abangani, kanye nabantu obajwayele bavame ukuba ngabokuqala ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-NPH . Lokhu kusho ukuthi abathandekayo bangadlala indima enkulu ekuxilongweni kwe-NPH nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani `(NPH)` ikhona?

I-NPH yisimo esingamahlalakhona . Izimpawu zikhula kancane kancane esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Kodwa-ke, i-NPH ayibi ngcono ngokwayo; iyaqhubeka nokuba yimbi kakhulu. Njengoba iba yimbi kakhulu, ingagcina ibangele ukulimala kobuchopho okukhulu nokungapheli.

Nakuba i-NPH ingase ingabi yingozi ngokwayo, ingabangela izimpawu ezenza kube nzima futhi ekugcineni kungenzeki ngomuntu ukuphila ngokuzimela. Ingabangela nezinkinga ezinkulu nezisongela ukuphila, njengokuwa.

Ngokwelashwa, izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-`(NPH)` cishe zizothuthuka. Ngokwelashwa, amathuba okuthi lezo zimpawu ezintathu zithuthuke kanje:

• Ubunzima bokuhamba : Lezi zimpawu ziyaphela cishe kuma-85% eziguli ezelashwayo.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba : Lesi sibonakaliso siyalapheka cishe kuma-80% ezimo uma selashwe kusenesikhathi. Amathuba okuthi selapheke aphakathi kwama-50% nama-60% uma selashwe sekwephuzile.
• Ubunzima bokucabanga nokukhumbula : Lezi zimpawu ziyathuthuka cishe kuma-80% eziguli ezelashwayo.

Iyini ikusasa lalesi simo?

Umbono we-`(NPH)` ungahluka kakhulu. Izizathu zalokhu yilezi:

• Kunzima ukuxilonga i-NPH ngoba izimpawu zayo zifana nalezo ezenzeka ngokujwayelekile ngokuguga, noma kwezinye izifo ezihlobene nokuguga.
• Izimpawu ze-`(NPH)` zithuthuka kancane kancane.
• Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu abane-NPH nabo banesifo sobuchopho esiwohlokayo njengesifo i-Alzheimer's.
• I-NPH iba yinto evame kakhulu njengoba sikhula, futhi izimo eziningi zempilo ezivamile ezihlobene nokuguga zingaba nomthelela futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu ku-NPH.
• Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-`(NPH)` zithinta ikhono lakho lokucabanga, ungase ungakwazi ukuzibona wena izimpawu zakho.

Izici ezithinta imiphumela ye-`(NPH)`

Uma lezi zici zikhona, amathuba okuthola umphumela omuhle ku-`(NPH)` aphezulu:

• Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa.
• Ubunzima bokucabanga nokukhumbula okulandelwa ubunzima bokuhamba kanye/noma ubunzima bokulawula umchamo.
• I-NPH yesibili yenzeka ngenxa yezimbangela ezingelapheka noma eziguqukayo.
• Uma i-CSF isuswa ngesikhathi sokubhoboza i-lumbar, izimpawu ze-NPH ziyancipha.

Amathuba okuthola umphumela omuhle mancane uma lezi zici zikhona:

• Ukwephuza ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa.
• Ukuqala kwezinkinga zokucabanga kanye nenkumbulo kusenesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ziqala ngaphambi kobunzima bokuhamba noma ukulawula umchamo.
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokucabanga kanye nenkumbulo.
• Ukuba nezinye izifo zobuchopho (ikakhulukazi izifo zobuchopho eziwohlokayo njengesifo i-Alzheimer's).

Ngenxa yokuthi izici eziningi zithinta umphumela, udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakhuluma naye ngomphumela ongaba khona kuwe noma kothandekayo wakho onalesi simo. Ulwazi abalunikezayo luzofaka umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ubukhali bezimpawu zakho, ukwelashwa okungenzeka, kanye neminye imininingwane ebalulekile.

Ngizinakekela kanjani (ngemva kokusebenzisa i-shunt)?

Uma une-NPH, ukwelashwa okungenzeka kakhulu ozokuthola ukuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe i-shunt ukuze kuvinjelwe uketshezi ukuthi lungaqongelelani ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Uma une-shunt, ngokuvamile kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga:

• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela kahle izindawo lapho kwafakwa khona izithungo noma izinti. Ukunakekela lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezifana nokutheleleka.
• Hlala kude nama-magnet uma kudingeka . Akuwona wonke ama-shunt anama-valve kazibuthe, ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into okufanele wonke umuntu one-shunt ayenze. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu.
• Qaphela ukunyakaza nemisebenzi . Gwema imisebenzi engokomzimba engathinta i-shunt, ipayipi, noma yini enye.
• Bona udokotela wakho njengoba kunconywa . Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezivela kulesi simo. Phakathi nalokhu kuvakashela, udokotela wakho angaqapha isimo sakho futhi alungise i-shunt uma kudingeka.
• Qaphela izimpawu . Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ze-`(NPH)` ziphinde zivele, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Izimpawu eziphindaphindayo zingase zibonise inkinga nge-shunt. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka isikhathi eside futhi ziba zimbi kakhulu, kulapho ingozi yezinkinga iba nkulu khona.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho njengoba kunconyiwe. Kufanele futhi ubonane nodokotela wakho uma ubona noma yikuphi ukuphinda kwezimpawu zakho ze-NPH, noma uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha (ngisho noma zibonakala zingahlobene).

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngezimpawu ezingase zibonise izinkinga noma izinkinga ezingaba khona. Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zidinge ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha zifaka:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu . Ikhanda elibuhlungu eliphazamisa imisebenzi yakho evamile, ikakhulukazi uma liqala noma liba libi kakhulu uma uhleli noma usukuma. Lokhu kungabangelwa inkinga nge-shunt (uma ingakhiphi i-CSF eyanele), noma uma i-shunt ingekho endaweni yayo.
• Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda . Ukutheleleka kungavela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-shunt. Lokhu kutheleleka kungathinta ubuchopho bakho, umgogodla, noma i-peritoneum, futhi kungasakazeka ngokushesha. Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu zokutheleleka ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-NPH).
• Intamo eqinile . Lokhu kungaba yinkinga nge-shunt noma indlela yokuphuma.
• Ubuhlungu esiswini noma esifubeni lapho kukhona khona umgudu womseleUma ipayipi lokukhipha amanzi liphuma, lingacindezela noma lilimaze izicubu eziseduze. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu kulezi zindawo, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho noma uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Kungase kube nezinye izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele, futhi udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngazo. Ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukuphendula imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uvimbele lezi zinkinga.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus - NPH)` kanye ne-`(Hydrocephalus)`?

I-NPH yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hydrocephalus (ikhanda lamanzi) esikhula kancane futhi sibe sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. "Ingcindezi evamile" isho ukuthi ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda lakho (ingcindezi yangaphakathi kwekhanda - i-ICP) ayiphezulu ngendlela engavamile noma eyingozi. Kulezi zimo, izinga lakho le-ICP lingase libe seduze nengxenye ephezulu yebanga elilindelekile. Lokhu kwenzeka kancane, kucindezelwe futhi kucindezelwe izicubu zobuchopho bakho. Ingcindezi ivamile, ngakho-ke ubuchopho bunesikhathi sokukhipha uketshezi, okuyikho okubangela izimpawu ekugcineni.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ingcindezi Ejwayelekile I-Hydrocephalus (NPH) yisimo esingavamile esivame ukuhlasela abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65. Kungaba yi-idiopathic, okubangelwa ukutheleleka okufana ne-meningitis, noma okubangelwa ukulimala kwengxenye yobuchopho. Lesi simo singabangela izimpawu ezifana ne-dementia , ezithinta ukuhamba, ukucabanga, kanye nekhono lokulawula umchamo.

Izimo eziningi ezibukeka njenge-dementia ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kunzima ukuzelapha nokuzilawula. Kodwa-ke, i-NPH ivame ukwelapheka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingaguqulwa . Ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuguqula imiphumela ye-NPH ukuthi uma itholakala kusenesikhathi futhi yelashwe kusenesikhathi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukungazinaki izimpawu zakho noma zomuntu omthandayo. Ngokwelashwa okusheshayo, abantu abaningi abane-NPH bangalulama futhi baphinde bathole iningi - noma wonke - amakhono abo akhona ngaphambilini.

Khumbula, uma unokungabaza ngalokhu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ukucindezeleka ebuchosheni, i-NPH, ukuguga, ubunzima bokuhamba, ukulawula umchamo, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ukuhlinzwa kwe-shunt