Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-cholesterol. Ingabe izoyithinta ingane yakho?

Cishe uke wezwa nge-cholesterol, akunjalo? Sivame ukuyicabanga njengenkinga ethinta abantu abadala kuphela. Kodwa empeleni, i-cholesterol ibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yezingane zethu ezincane. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nesifo senhliziyo esikhula kamuva ekuphileni sisuka ebuntwaneni. Ngakho-ke, ingabe kufanele sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane eyengeziwe namuhla?

Iyini i-cholesterol? Ake sithole ukuthi ingakanani ngempela?

Kulungile, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi iyini i-cholesterol. Kalula nje, iyisithako esinamafutha esifana ne-wax emizimbeni yethu. Ikhiqizwa kakhulu yisibindi sethu. Cabanga ngakho, i-cholesterol isiza ekwakheni izindonga zamaseli ethu, noma ama-membrane amaseli. Akukhona lokho kuphela, futhi kubalulekile ekwenzeni ama-hormone athile, njenge-estrogen kwabesifazane kanye ne-testosterone kwabesilisa, kanye ne-vitamin D. Manje cishe ucabanga ukuthi, 'O, kwenzekani ezinganeni ezincane ezine-cholesterol?' Abazali abaningi abacabangi ngempela ngalokhu. Kodwa, ngokusho kodokotela, izimbangela zesifo senhliziyo ezikhula lapho zikhula ngezinye izikhathi zingaqala zisencane. Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma izinga le-cholesterol yengane liphezulu kunenani elinconywayo kusukela isencane, ingane inamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo ezinkulu njengesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi lapho ikhula. Yingakho kudingeka sikhathazeke nge-cholesterol yezingane ezincane.

Siyithola kanjani i-cholesterol?

Isibindi sethu sikhiqiza yonke i-cholesterol edingwa yimizimba yethu. Kodwa-ke, imizimba yethu ithola ne-cholesterol kokunye kokudla esikudlayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokudla kwezilwane. Isibonelo:

• Iqanda eliphuzi
• Inyama (njengenyama yenkomo , ingulube)
• Inyama yenkukhu
• Ukudla kwasolwandle (njenge-shrimp, i-squid)
• Ubisi nokudla kobisi (njengoshizi, i-ayisikhilimu)

Enye into ukuthi, uma ukudla esikudlayo kuqukethe `(Amafutha Agcwele)` kanye `(Amafutha Aguquliwe)` amaningi, isibindi sethu singase sikhiqize i-cholesterol eningi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe. Kodwa-ke, ukudla kwezitshalo, okungukuthi, imifino, izithelo, kanye nokusanhlamvu, akuqukethe i-cholesterol nhlobo. Ngakho-ke ukudla ukudla okunjalo okuningi kuhle kakhulu emzimbeni.

Zikhona yini izinhlobo ze-cholesterol? Ziyini?

Yebo, i-cholesterol egazini lethu ayihambi emzimbeni ngokwayo. Ihamba emithanjeni yegazi ihlangene namaprotheni. Uma le cholesterol neprotheni kuhlangana, sikubiza ngokuthi `(Lipoproteins)`. Sivame ukuzwa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi, akunjalo?

1. I-LDL (i-low-density lipoprotein) – i-cholesterol "embi"

Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-cholesterol "embi". Uyazi ukuthi kungani? Le cholesterol `(LDL)` ingafakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yethu, okungukuthi, emithanjeni yegazi. Njengoba nje ukungcola kubhajwa ngaphakathi kwepayipi. Ngale ndlela, ama-depositi akheka lapho i-cholesterol nezinye izinto egazini ziqoqana abizwa ngokuthi `(Plaque)`.

Lokhu `(I-Plaque)` kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi iqine kancane kancane, inciphe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ize ivaleke ngokuphelele.

Uma kwenzeka ihlule legazi emthanjeni wegazi oncishisiwe kanje, kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi ukuqina nokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ngokuthi "i-atherosclerosis." Lesi simo singanciphisa nokugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile njengobuchopho, amathumbu nezinso. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwehlisa amazinga akho e-cholesterol "ye-LDL".

2. I-HDL (i-high-density lipoprotein) – i-cholesterol "enhle"

Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-cholesterol "enhle". Uyazi ukuthi iyini? Le cholesterol ethi `(HDL)` isusa i-cholesterol ethi `(LDL)` embi emithanjeni yegazi bese iyibuyisela esibindini. Isibindi siyayiphula le cholesterol bese siyisusa emzimbeni. Kufana nomuntu ohlanza imithambo yegazi yethu. Ngakho-ke, kafushane nje, ukwandisa izinga le-cholesterol ethi "embi" `(LDL)` emizimbeni yethu nokunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol ethi "enhle" `(HDL)` kwandisa ingozi yokuthola isifo senhliziyo. Esifuna ukukwenza ukugcina i-`(LDL)` iphansi kanye ne-`(HDL)` iphezulu.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu?

Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko ezenza amazinga e-cholesterol akhuphuke ngisho nasezinganeni ezincane: 1. Ukudla: Ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ikakhulukazi amafutha agcwele kanye namafutha e-trans. Isibonelo, ezinye izingane zivame ukudla ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okusheshayo, kanye nokudla okumnandi. Khona-ke amathuba okwanda kwe-cholesterol aphezulu. 2. Ufuzo: Uma abazali noma amalungu omndeni aseduze ene-cholesterol ephezulu, izingane nazo zingase zibe sengozini. Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma umama wakho, ubaba, noma omunye wabantwana bakini ene-cholesterol ephezulu, udinga ukuqaphela kancane ngengane yakho. 3. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile:I-cholesterol inganda uma izingane zikhula futhi zikhuluphala ngenxa yokudla okungenampilo kanye nokungawuvivinyi umzimba. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezivivinya umzimba njalo, ezidla ukudla okunempilo, ezingenamalungu omndeni ane-cholesterol ephezulu, futhi ezinesisindo esinempilo azinamathuba amaningi okuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi izinga lakho le-cholesterol liphezulu? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezitholakalayo?

Esikhathini esiningi, azikho izimpawu ezisobala ze-cholesterol ephezulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukuthi uhlolwe igazi. Ngokuvamile, odokotela batusa ukuthi bonke abantwana bahlolwe amazinga abo e-cholesterol kanye phakathi kweminyaka engu-9 no-11 , futhi futhi phakathi kweminyaka engu-17 no-21. Kodwa-ke, kunezikhathi lapho ezinye izingane kudingeka zihlolwe kusenesikhathi, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engu-2. Zinini lezi zikhathi?

• Uma omunye wabazali noma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze linezinga le-cholesterol elingaphezu kuka-240 mg/dL.
• Uma kukhona emndenini onesifo senhliziyo `(Isifo Senhliziyo)` ( isifo senhliziyo nesifo semithambo yegazi ) (ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-55 kumuntu wesilisa, ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-65 kowesifazane).
• Uma ingane inezinkinga zezokwelapha ezikhethekile, isibonelo, isifo sezinso , isifo sikaKawasaki, noma isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.
• Uma ingane ikhuluphele ngokweqile, kusho ukuthi ikhuluphele ngokweqile .
• Uma ingane inezifo ezifana ne-`(Diabetes Mellitus)` (Isifo Sikashukela), `(Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme)` ( Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme ), noma uma ibhema (lokhu akubalulekile kangako ezinganeni ezincane, kodwa kungathinta intsha).

Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga e-cholesterol yengane yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ucelwe ukuba uzile ukudla amahora ayi-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa (amanzi nje alungile). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuzila ukudla." Odokotela bahlola amazinga e-cholesterol ngokweziqondiso ezibekwe yi-"National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)." Lolu uhlu lwamazinga anconywayo e-"Total Cholesterol" kanye ne-"LDL Cholesterol" ezinganeni nasebancane abaneminyaka ephakathi kwemi-2 neyi-18.

Ngakho-ke senzani ngalokhu? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngiyethemba ukuthi usunombono ongcono nge-cholesterol nokuthi ibaluleke kangakanani, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngempilo yezingane zethu.

Khumbula, i-cholesterol ingaba yisitha esithule. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukuqaphela futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo kusenesikhathi.

Ngakho-ke, yini okufanele siyenze?

• Ukudla okunempilo: Nikeza izingane imifino, izithelo, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela, nosawoti, kanye nokudla okusheshayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukudla okuphekwe ekhaya kungcono kakhulu.
• Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo: Khuthaza izingane ukuba zidlale, zigijime futhi zigxume. Kuhle kakhulu ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini womzimba okungenani ihora elilodwa ngosuku.
• Ukuhlolwa Ngesikhathi: Hlola amazinga e-cholesterol yengane yakho ngezikhathi ezithile njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uyayinaka le nto, ikakhulukazi uma othile emndenini wakho ene-cholesterol ephezulu.
• Landela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho: Uma uthola ukuthi izinga le-cholesterol yengane yakho liphezulu, ungesabi futhi ulandele iseluleko sikadokotela wakho ngqo. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungalawulwa ngokushintsha ukudla nendlela yokuphila. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi izingane ezincane zidinga ukunikezwa imithi.

Wonke umzali ufuna ukubona ingane yakhe iphilile futhi ijabule. Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga kancane nge-cholesterol futhi wenza izinto ezidingekayo, uzokwazi ukuvikela ikusasa lengane yakho.

---

I-Cholesterol, I-Cholesterol, I-Cholesterol Yabantwana, I-LDL, I-HDL, Isifo Senhliziyo, Ukudla Okunempilo