Ingabe amehlo akho angafiphala? Ake sixoxe nge (Phthisis Bulbi)!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi uma amehlo ethu onakele kakhulu, angayeka ukusebenza ngokuphelele futhi singalahlekelwa umbono wethu unomphela? Kuyesabeka ngempela, akunjalo? Kodwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimo ezinjalo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo lapho amehlo engasebenzi nhlobo, odokotela ababiza ngokuthi `(Phthisis Bulbi)`. Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi `(end-stage eye)`, okusho ukuthi "end-stage eye".

Kuyini ngempela (i-Phthisis Bulbi)?

Kalula nje, igama elithi `(Phthisis Bulbi)` yigama lezokwelapha lesimo esenzeka lapho iso lakho lonakele kakhulu futhi liyeka ukusebenza unomphela. Lokhu akufanele kudidaniswe nezinguquko ezivamile ezenzeka emehlweni njengoba siguga, akunjalo? Lokhu kwenzeka lapho iso lonakele kakhulu, kuze kube yilapho lingasakwazi ukulungiswa. Cabanga ngakho, iso lethu lifana nekhamera encane eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, akunjalo? Kulesi simo `(Phthisis Bulbi)`, umonakalo weso uthinta izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile zalo:

• I-Sclera : Lena yingxenye emhlophe yeso ezungeze amehlo ethu. Endabeni ye-Phthisis Bulbi, iba nkulu futhi iqine.
• I-Retina : Lolu ngqimba olungemuva kweso luguqula ukukhanya kube izimpawu zikagesi bese luzithumela ebuchosheni, okusinika umbono . I-Phthisis Bulbi ilimaza unomphela i-retina, iyivimbele ekusebenzeni kahle.
• I-Cornea: Le ngxenye ecacile yeso engaphambili kweso isisiza sibone izinto ngokucacile. Endabeni ye-Phthisis Bulbi, le cornea ingaba lukhuni futhi ibe namafu.
• Ingxenye enombala yeso, i-iris: Le ngxenye yeso enikeza amehlo ethu umbala ingonakalisa ne-Phthisis Bulbi. Ngezinye izikhathi, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-neovascularization ye-iris singavela, lapho kwakheka khona imithambo yegazi emisha ku-iris.

Lo monakalo uphinde ushintshe indlela iso lakho elibona ngayo. Okusho ukuthi, iso elonakele libona ngendlela ehlukile kunelinye iso lakho. Lezi zinguquko zingafaka:

• Iso liyancipha bese liba lincane (atrophy).
• Amehlo abukeka eyisikwele kancane kunokuba abe yindilinga.
• Izibazi ngaphakathi kweso.
• Iso libonakala lishone ku-(pseudo enophthalmos).
• Umbono ofiphele, ukungaboni kahle.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Phthisis Bulbi)` sesivele sikhona, asinakwelashwa ukuze kubuyiselwe iso esimweni salo esijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo eziningi ezingadala lesi simo, futhi uma zitholakala futhi zelashwa kusenesikhathi , zingavinjelwa ekuqhubekeleni esimweni esibi kangaka.

Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko emehlweni akho noma ekuboneni, bheka udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha.Uma uzibona izimpawu kusenesikhathi, unganciphisa ingozi yokuba nesimo esifana nokuthi `(Phthisis Bulbi)`.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

I-Phthisis Bulbi ivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu asebekhulile banamathuba amaningi okuthola ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingalimaza amehlo abo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi abantu abasebasha abakwazi ukuyihlakulela. Noma ubani angaba nesifo samehlo esisesigabeni sokugcina. Singavela ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala abasebasha, kungaba ngenxa yokulimala okubuhlungu esweni noma ngenxa yesimo sokuzalwa. Abantu abanezifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba, lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona amangqamuzana awo, nabo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-phthisis bulbi. Lezi zifo zingabangela ukuvuvukala okungapheli emehlweni, okungalimaza amehlo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma unezinye zalezi zici eziyingozi, kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nochwepheshe wamehlo. Ezinye izifo zokuvuvukala ezingaholela ku-`(Phthisis Bulbi)` yilezi:

• I-Psoriasis yisifo sesikhumba.
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis .
• `(Isifo samathambo se-Psoriatic)`.
• `(I-Ankylosing spondylitis)`.
• I-ulcerative colitis ( ukuvuvukala kwendlela yokugaya ukudla).
• `( I-Sarcoidosis )`.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-(Phthisis Bulbi)?

Uphawu oluyinhloko nolusobala kakhulu lwalesi simo ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kokubona esweni elithintekile. Lokhu kungaboni kuhlala njalo futhi akunakwelashwa. Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babiza lokhu ngokuthi "ukungahleleki kahle." Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinguquko ngaphakathi kweso ziye zaqhubeka zaze zafika ezingeni lapho zingenakulungiseka khona. Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukulahlekelwa umbono.
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya (ubunzima bokubuka ukukhanya).
• Ubuhlungu.
• Ukubona izinto ezintantayo kanye nokukhanya phambi kwamehlo.
• Amehlo aphambene noma angaqondile kahle (iStrabismus).

Yiziphi izizathu zalesi simo samehlo?

Noma yini engalimaza iso unomphela futhi ilivimbe ekusebenzeni kwayo ingabangela `(Phthisis Bulbi)`. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukulimala okufana nokulimala kwamehlo. Cabanga ngakho njengokudlala imidlalo, ukuba sengozini yemoto, noma ukushaywa esweni yinto ebukhali.
• Izifo.
• I-Retinoblastoma (umdlavuza wamehlo owenzeka ezinganeni ezincane) kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kanye nezinye izimo zokuzalwa.
• Izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwamehlo.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe.
• Ezinye izifo zegazi ezifana nesifo se-sickle cell.

Izifo ezithinta amehlo isikhathi eside

Kunezifo zamehlo ezingalimaza amehlo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ekugcineni ziholele esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi `(Phthisis Bulbi)`. Ezinye zezifo ezinkulu ezinjalo yilezi:

• Ama-retina ahlukene aphindaphindwayo (ahlala isikhathi eside).
• I-Uveitis ukuvuvukala kwengaphakathi leso.
• `(Isifo sama-Coats)`.
• I-retinopathy yokungavuthwa kahle yisifo esithinta i-retina yezingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Ukulimala kwamehlo okubangelwa isifo sikashukela (i-retinopathy ehlobene nesifo sikashukela).

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unayo (i-Phthisis Bulbi)?

Udokotela wamehlo kuphela ongasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-Phthisis Bulbi ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Uzohlola iso lakho ngokucophelela (kufaka phakathi inhlamvu yeso) ukuze athole noma yikuphi ukulimala noma okunye ukulimala. Lezi yizimpawu zeso elisesigabeni sokugcina. Ngezinye izikhathi kungadingeka ukuthi wenze i-CT scan noma i-MRI. Lokhu kungathatha izithombe ezicacile zeso kanye nezicubu ezizungezile.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okungabuyisela umbono ngemva kokuba isimo se-`(Phthisis Bulbi)` sesithuthuke saze safika lapho umbono ulahlekile khona. Uma sekufinyelelwe `(iso lesigaba sokugcina)`, umonakalo esweni awukwazi ukubuyiselwa emuva. Kodwa-ke, uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo angase asikisele ukususa iso elonakele bese ulifaka `(iso lokufakelwa).` Leli liso lokwenziwa lingenziwa ukuze lifane neso lakho eliphilile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kumane kuyinqubo yobuhle. Akubuyisi umbono olahlekile. Ukususa iso elonakele ngezinye izikhathi kunganciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.

Ingabe i-Phthisis Bulbi ingavinjelwa?

Ukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela i-Phthisis Bulbi ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma izinguquko emehlweni akho noma ekuboneni. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni izimo ezingaholela kulesi simo samehlo esisesigabeni sokugcina bese zelashwa ngaphambi kokuba zidale umonakalo ohlala njalo. Kunzima ukuvimbela i-Phthisis Bulbi ukuthi ingenzeki ngenxa yokulimala. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukugqoka isivikelo samehlo esifanele lapho udlala imidlalo noma usebenza ezindaweni lapho kunengozi yokulimala kwamehlo.

Kufanele uhlolwe amehlo akho kangaki?

Ukuhlola amehlo akho njalo kanye nokubona kungasiza udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuthi athole noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi. Ukuvama kokuhlolwa kwamehlo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka:

• Abantu abadala abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40: Ngokuvamile njalo eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyishumi.
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-54 ubudala: Njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemine.
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala: Njalo ngonyaka kuya eminyakeni emithathu.

Uma ugqoka izibuko, uthintana nabantu, noma udinga olunye usizo lokubona, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo kaningi. Uma unesifo sikashukela, kufanele nakanjani uhlolwe amehlo kaningi. Kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuthi udinga kangaki ukuhlolwa kwamehlo.

Yini okufanele ilindelwe umuntu one-(Phthisis Bulbi)?

Uma udokotela ekutshela noma othile omaziyo ukuthi une-`(Phthisis Bulbi)`, kufanele ulindele ukuthi lesi simo sizohlala njalo. Uma udokotela esethole ukuthi i-`(Phthisis Bulbi)`, sekwephuze kakhulu ukuyelapha nokubuyisela umbono. Kuye ngembangela ye-`(Phthisis Bulbi)`, ikakhulukazi uma ibangelwa yinto efana ne-`(trauma)`, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu noma izinkinga. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho ongakulindela.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Khumbula, bonana nochwepheshe wamehlo ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko emehlweni akho noma ekuboneni. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela `(Phthisis Bulbi)` ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu ngaphambi kokuba zidale umonakalo ongapheli emehlweni.

Uma ulimele iso noma ulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo, hamba uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela/udokotela

Uma uthola ukuthi une-`(Phthisis Bulbi)`, ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yini engenza ngibe `(Phthisis Bulbi)`?
• Ingabe ngizodinga iso lokufakelwa?
• Kufanele ngihlolwe amehlo ami aphilile kangaki?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule kulokho esixoxe ngakho (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu nge-`(Phthisis Bulbi)` namuhla, akunjalo? Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esibucayi, kusabalulekile ukuqaphela. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• `(Phthisis Bulbi)` yisimo lapho iso lonakala kakhulu, okubangela ukulahlekelwa umbono unomphela kanye nobumpumputhe.
• Lokhu akuwona umphumela ojwayelekile wokuguga. Kungabangelwa izingozi ezinkulu, izifo ezithathelwanayo, kanye nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.
• Uma usufike esimweni sokuthi `(Phthisis Bulbi)`, awukwazi ukubona futhi.
• Kodwa-ke, uma izimo eziningi ezingabangela lokhu zitholakala futhi zelashwa kusenesikhathi, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi `(Phthisis Bulbi)` ingavinjelwa.
• Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma izimpawu ezintsha emehlweni akho, bheka udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha.
• Gqoka izibuko zamehlo ezifanele uma kunengozi yokulimala kwamehlo.

Amehlo ethu ayigugu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungumthwalo wethu ukuwanakekela. Ungesabi, kodwa qaphela. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. I-Phthisis bulbi, iso lesigaba sokugcina, ubumpumputhe, ukuphazamiseka kwamehlo, ukulahlekelwa umbono, impilo yamehlo, ukulimala kwamehlo