Okudingeka ukwazi ngama-'pons': ibhuloho elincane ebuchosheni bethu

Wake wazibuza ukuthi singazenza kanjani izinto ezinjengokuphefumula nokucwayiza ngaphandle kokuzinaka? I -brainstem iyisikhungo sokulawula esizenzakalelayo somzimba wethu. Ifana ne-switchboard eyinhloko enika amandla indlu yonke amandla. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu, efana nebhuloho yalesi sigaba sobuchopho. Lokho kubizwa ngokuthi 'ama-pons.'

Nokho, iyini le 'Pons'? Ikuphi?

Kalula nje, ama-pons ayibhuloho elikhulu elixhumanisa ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla odlula emgogodleni wakho. Itholakala phansi kobuchopho, phakathi kwe-brainstem, i-midbrain, kanye ne-medulla oblongata.

Cabanga ngakho njengemizi emibili emikhulu. Elinye yi-cerebrum - ubuchopho obukhulu lapho sicabanga futhi senza khona izinqumo. Elinye yi-cerebellum - ubuchopho obuncane obulawula ibhalansi nokunyakaza kwemizimba yethu. Umgwaqo omkhulu, noma ibhuloho, elithwala ulwazi phakathi kwala madolobha amabili yi-pons. Akukhona lokho kuphela, futhi kusiza ukudlulisa imiyalezo phakathi kwezinhlangothi zobuchopho kwesokudla nesobunxele.

Iningi lezinzwa ebusweni nasekhanda lethu lilawulwa yileli 'pons'. Izinzwa eziningana ezikusiza ukulawula imizwa efana nokuhlafuna ukudla, ukucwayiza, ukugxila, ukukhala, ukuqonda lokho okuzwayo, ukumomotheka, nokubonisa ukudabuka zivela lapha.

Kwenzekani ngempela ngo-'Ponce'?

Ama-pons afana nesikhungo semiyalezo esimatasa, esenza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu.

• Ukulawula ukuphefumula: Uma ugijima, uhamba, noma uhleli nje, izinga lakho lokuphefumula liyashintsha, akunjalo? Kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kulawulwa yiqoqo lamaseli ezinzwa kuma-pons. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isikhungo se-pneumotaxic. Lesi sikhungo sinquma ukuthi uthatha umoya ongakanani ngokuphefumula ngakunye nokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthatha ukuphefumula okulandelayo.

• Ukulawula umjikelezo wokulala nokuvuka: Ama-pons adlala indima enkulu ekulawuleni ubuthongo obukhulu esibutholayo. Ukulala akukhona nje ukuvala amehlo ethu, kuyisikhathi esibalulekile sokuba ubuchopho buzilungise futhi bucubungule ulwazi obuluqoqe usuku lonke. Ama-pons asiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le nqubo yenziwa kahle.

• Ukunikeza imizwa nokulawula ukunyakaza:Ama-pons nawo anesibopho sokuthumela imizwa efana nokunambitha, ukuthinta, nomsindo ezindaweni ezifanele. Kubalulekile futhi ekulawuleni ukunyakaza komzimba wethu, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kwemisipha yobuso.

Uyibona kanjani inkinga 'ngama-pons'?

I-brainstem iyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukubona umonakalo kule ngxenye. Kodwa-ke, uma kunenkinga 'ngama-pons', kungase kuvele izimpawu ezilandelayo. Uma eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu zenzeka ngokuzumayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha, njengoba kungaba uphawu lwesifo sohlangothi.

Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ngaphandle kokulimala ekhanda noma entanyeni yakho, kungaba uphawu olungabonakali lwenkinga yobuchopho. Ukushaywa yisifo sobuchopho okunzima kungabangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-locked-in syndrome', lapho isiguli sikwazi ukuhambisa amehlo kuphela, kodwa sinokuqonda okugcwele kanye nekhono lokucabanga.

Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingathinta ama-pons?

Ngenxa yokuthi ama-pons atholakala endaweni ephakathi ebuchosheni, angathinteka futhi yizimo eziningi zezokwelapha ezivame ukuthinta ubuchopho.

Phakathi kwazo:

• Isifo sohlangothi, ikakhulukazi isifo sohlangothi esithinta ama-pons (Pontine Strokes )
• I-Central Pontine Myelinolysis - Lesi yisimo esingabangelwa ushintsho olusheshayo emazingeni e-sodium emzimbeni.
• Izifo zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, isibonelo, i-multiple sclerosis
• Izifo ezihlobene nokuwohloka kwesimiso sezinzwa, njenge- Multiple System Atrophy
• Ezinye izimo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzalwa
• Izimila zobuchopho

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-pons nawo angonakaliswa ukulimala ekhanda.

• Ukubhajwa kwekhanda - ukulimala okuncane ebuchosheni okubangelwa ukushaywa ekhanda
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuthinta ama-pons kubangelwa kakhulu yizinkinga zemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ngemuva kobuchopho (imithambo yomgogodla kanye neye-basilar). Lokhu kungaba nezimbangela eziningana.

• I-Atherosclerosis: Amafutha afakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, okungaqhuma futhi kubangele ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi, okuvimba imithambo yegazi. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo sohlangothi.
• I-Embolism: Ihlule legazi elakheka enhliziyweni noma kwenye indawo liyaqhekeka bese lihlala emthanjeni wegazi ebuchosheni.
• I-Vasculitis: Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, okusho ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuvimbekile ngenxa yokuvuvukala.
• I-Hypercoagulability: Izimo lapho igazi liqina khona ngokushesha kakhulu.

Sigcina kanjani ubuchopho bethu bonke, kuhlanganise 'nama-pons' ethu, buphilile?

Ubuchopho busebenzisa cishe u-20% wamandla akhiqizwa yimizimba yethu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho budinga ukudla okunempilo njalo kanye namandla. Ukugcina ubuchopho buphilile kusho ukuvikela lonke uhlelo lwezinzwa, okuhlanganisa nama-pons.

• Lala kahle: Ukulala ngokwanele kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kobuchopho, inkumbulo, kanye nesikhathi sokunaka.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Ukuzivocavoca kwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, okungakusiza ukuthi uhlale uqaphile.
• Londoloza ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kunganciphisa ingozi yezimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi, isifo sikashukela kanye nesifo i-Alzheimer's.
• Lawula izimo ezingamahlalakhona: Uma unezimo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela, zingathinta kabi ubuchopho bakho. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho, uthole ukwelashwa okufanele, futhi uphathe lezo zimo kahle.
• Gqoka izimpahla zokuphepha: Ukulimala ekhanda kungabangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke gqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela njalo uma ugibela ibhayisikili, isithuthuthu, noma udlala noma yimuphi omunye umdlalo ongabangela ukulimala ekhanda.