Izinto okudingeka uzazi ngomkhuhlane we-Rat-Bite!

Ingabe unamagundane endlini yakho? Ngezinye izikhathi asiwanaki kakhulu amagundane, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ukulunywa amagundane, ukuklwebha, noma ukuthintana namathe awo, umchamo, noma indle kungabangela isifo esiyingozi? Esinye sezifo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla umkhuhlane wokulunywa amagundane, noma `(Umkhuhlane Wokulunywa Amagundane)`. Lokhu kuyinto engavamile, kodwa uma kungelashwa kahle, kungaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke, ake sithole okwengeziwe ngalokhu, akunjalo?

Uyini Umkhuhlane Wokulunywa Yigundane?

Kalula nje, umkhuhlane wamagundane ukutheleleka okubangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili zamagciwane . Ngokuvamile kusakazeka ngokulunywa yigundane elinegciwane. Kodwa-ke, uma silunywa yigundane, noma uma sithinta izinto ezifana namathe amagundane, indle (okungukuthi, umchamo ), noma umchamo (umchamo), singayithola le sifo.

Lokhu kuyisifo esibi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi esibulalayo. Ngakho-ke uma unezimpawu zalesi sifo ngemva kokulunywa yigundane, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha .

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zomkhuhlane wamagundane?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamagciwane abangela umkhuhlane wokulunywa yizimpukane. Ngakho-ke, umkhuhlane wokulunywa yizimpukane ungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: 1. Umkhuhlane Wokulunywa Yizimpukane Nge-Streptobacillary:

• Imbangela yalokhu igciwane elithi `Streptobacillus moniliformis (S. moniliformis)`.
• Lolu hlobo luvame ukubonakala emazweni afana ne-United States.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, uma lesi sifo sibangelwa ukuphuza ubisi olungaphekiwe oluqukethe leli gciwane, sibizwa nangokuthi `(umkhuhlane weHaverhill)`.

2. Umkhuhlane Wokulunywa Yizimpukane Ezinomoya:

• Imbangela yalokhu yigciwane elithi `Spirillum minus (S. minus)`.
• Lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu ukubonwa emazweni ase-Asia.
• Kodwa leli gciwane elithi `(S. minus)` alidluliselwa ngokudla noma ngeziphuzo .
• Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi `(Sodoku)`.

Zombili izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya zihlala emlonyeni nasezindaweni zokuphefumula eziphezulu zezilwane ezifana namagundane.

Ingabe lesi sifo singadluliselwa kwezinye izilwane?

Yebo, ngaphezu kwamagundane, ezinye izilwane zingathwala amagciwane abangela umkhuhlane wamagundane. Phakathi kwawo:

• Amagundane
• Ama-Squirrel
• Ama-Gerbils - Lawa agcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
• Izingulube zaseGuinea - Lezi futhi ziyizilwane ezifuywayo.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zilwane, kuthiwa umkhuhlane wamagundane ungase uhlotshaniswe nezilwane ezilandelayo, akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa akukaze kwenziwe ucwaningo oluningi ngalokhu:

• Izinja
• Amakati
• Izinkomo (njengezinkomo, izinkunzi)
• Izingulube
• Ama-Ferret
• AmaTurkey
• Ama-Weasel
• Izilwane ezingezona ezomuntu (njengezinkawu, ama-apes)

Uvame kangakanani umkhuhlane wamagundane?

Iyini i-flu yangempela yamagundane?Kuyisifo esingavamile kakhulu . Isibonelo, e-United States, kunezimo ezibikiwe eziphakathi kuka-20,000 no-40,000 zokulunywa amagundane ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ithuba lokuthi umuntu alunywe yigundane liyi-10% kuphela. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunezimo ezibikiwe eziphakathi kuka-2,000 no-4,000 zokulunywa amagundane ngonyaka. Kodwa nansi enye into. Kwamanye amazwe, ukulunywa amagundane akuyona inkinga ebikwayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi odokotela abakubheki njengosongo olukhulu empilweni yomphakathi, ngakho-ke akuzona zonke izimo ezibikwayo. Ngakho-ke, inani langempela lamacala okulunywa amagundane lingase libe phezulu kunalezi zilinganiso.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala zomkhuhlane wezinyosi?

Nakuba zombili izinhlobo zomkhuhlane wamagundane esikhulume ngazo ngaphambilini zinezimpawu ezivamile, kukhona umehluko othile.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane we-Streptobacillary Rat-Bite Fever:

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 neziyi-10 ngemva kokutheleleka ngaleli gciwane (`S. moniliformis`).

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Imfiva
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba - ikakhulukazi eduze kwezandla nezinyawo.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane we-Spirary Rat-Bite:

Izimpawu ziqala phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 nezingama-21 ngemva kokutheleleka ngaleli gciwane (`S. minus`).

• Umkhuhlane ophindaphindayo - Lokhu kusho ukuthi umkhuhlane uyafika, uphele ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, bese ubuya.
• Izilonda zesikhumba kanye/noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze ukulunywa
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba

Yini ebangela umkhuhlane we-hay?

Imbangela eyinhloko yomkhuhlane wamagundane yizinhlobo ezimbili zamagciwane esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili, i-`S. moniliformis` kanye ne-`S. minus`. Lawa magciwane ahlala emizimbeni yezilwane njengamagundane. Lezo zilwane ziyizihambi zala magciwane kuphela. Esikhathini esiningi, noma ngabe lezo zilwane zinala magciwane, azibonisi izimpawu zesifo .

Abantu bathola kanjani lesi sifo?

Umkhuhlane wamagundane uvame ukusabalala ngokulunywa noma ukuklwebheka kwegundane elinalesi sifo noma esinye isilwane. Kodwa-ke, i-bacterium `S. moniliformis` kanye ne-`S. minus` ingasakazeka ngalezi zindlela:

• Ngokuthinta indawo engcoliswe yizinhlayiya (amathe, umchamo, indle) yegundane elinalesi sifo noma esinye isilwane, bese uthinta inxeba emzimbeni ngesandla esifanayo, noma ngokuthinta umlomo wakho, impumulo, noma amehlo . Cabanga nje, kwakukhona igundane ekhoneni lendlu yakho, futhi kwakukhona indle yalo encane ndawana thize, bese ulithinta ufake isandla sakho emlonyeni wakho... yilokho okungenzeka.
• Ngokudla ukudla noma iziphuzo eziqukethe leli gciwane. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uketshezi oluvela esilwaneni esinegciwane lungena ekudleni noma esiphuzweni.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umkhuhlane wamagundane awudluliselwa kusuka kumuntu uye komunye .

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lo mkhuhlane wamagundane?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani othintana negundane elinalesi sifo noma esinye isilwane angathola umkhuhlane wamagundane. Uvame kakhulu eMelika nase-Asia. Ungase ube sengozini enkulu uma:

• Uma ugcina amagundane noma amanye amagundane amancane njengezilwane ezifuywayo (isib. amagundane, izingulube ze-Guinea).
• Uma ufuya amagundane ukuze wondle ezinye izilwane (isib. izinyoka).
• Uma uchitha isikhathi ezindaweni lapho amagundane noma ezinye izilwane ezincane zivame khona .
• Uma uvame ukuxhumana namagundane, izilwane ezincane, noma ezinye izilwane (isib., uma usebenza esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo, uma wenza ucwaningo ngezilwane).
• Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yomkhuhlane wamagundane?

Ibhaktheriya i-'S. moniliformis' kanye ne-'S. minus' ingasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho futhi ibangele ukutheleleka okukhulu. Isibonelo:

• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho kanye nomgogodla (isib., i-meningitis)
• Izifo ezihlobene nenhliziyo (isib. i-Endocarditis, i-Myocarditis, i-Pericarditis)
• Ukutheleleka kwezinso (isib. i-Nephritis)
• Ukutheleleka kwesibindi (isib. i-Hepatitis)
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (isib. i-pneumonia)

Uma ingelashwa kahle, umkhuhlane wamagundane ungabulala , ikakhulukazi nge-Streptobacillary RBF, engabulala abantu abangafika ku-10%.

Ungawubona kanjani umkhuhlane wamagundane?

Udokotela uzokuhlola lokhu. Uzothatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha, abuze ngezimpawu zakho, bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba . Uma udokotela esola ukuthi une-strep throat, uzothatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma isampula yoketshezi oluvela emalungeni akho bese eluthumela elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi kukhona yini igciwane elithi `S. moniliformis` noma `S. minus`.

Ingabe umkhuhlane wamagundane ungalapheka?

Yebo, nakanjani! Ikakhulukazi uma lesi sifo sitholakale futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi.Umkhuhlane wamagundane ungelapheka ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke uma unezimpawu zomkhuhlane wamagundane ngemva kokuhlangana namagundane, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Umkhuhlane wamagundane welashwa kanjani?

Ake sithi ulunywe noma uklwejwe yigundane noma esinye isilwane esincane. Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukugeza inxeba kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile kanye nensipho yokulwa namagciwane . Uma kungenzeka, engeza i-hydrogen peroxide encane. Bese womisa inxeba ngendwangu ehlanzekile, ufake into efana namafutha e-antibiotic , bese ulimboza ngebhandeji elihlanzekile. Okulandelayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Cishe uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic ukulawula ukutheleleka. Kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe le mithi cishe amasonto amabili. Lokhu kungafaka:

• `I-Penicillin`
• `I-Ceftriaxone`
• `I-Ampicillin`
• `I-Amoxicillin`
• I- Doxycycline ( i-Doxycycline ) (i-Doxycycline)

Lawa ma-antibiotic angathathwa njengamaphilisi noma anikezwe ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha yonke imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono kancane . Uma ungakwenzi lokho, umkhuhlane ungabuya futhi kube nzima ukwelapha.

Ngizolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bengcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ukwelashwa komkhuhlane we-hay.

Liyini ikusasa uma uthola umkhuhlane wamagundane?

Iningi labantu abangenwa yi-flu liyalulama ngokuphelele ngemva kokwelashwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela yesikhathi eside .

Angakanani amathuba okufa ngenxa yomkhuhlane wamagundane?

Ingozi yokufa ngenxa yomkhuhlane wamagundane icishe ibe yi-10% . Le ngozi ingancishiswa ngokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngemva kokulunywa amagundane, ngenkathi uqaphile, noma lapho kuvela izimpawu.

Ingabe umkhuhlane wamagundane ungavinjelwa?

Impela! Unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola umkhuhlane we-hay ngokulandela lawa macebiso:

• Hlala kude namagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane (amagundane) . Gwema izindawo lapho kunendle khona.
• Uma kufanele ususe indle yamagundane noma yezilwane ezincane, gqoka amagilavu ​​​​erabha, izibuko, kanye nemaski evala impumulo nomlomo wakho .
• Sula izindawo lapho kunendle yamagundane noma yezilwane ezincane ngesibulali-magciwane .
• Uma kukhona imigodi endlini yakho, yivale . Lokhu kuzovimbela amagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane ukuthi zingangeni ngaphakathi.
• Setha izicupho zamagundane . Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni inani lamagundane endlini.
• Ungashiyi ukudla ekhaya.Ungashiyi ukudla ngaphandle, ngisho nalapho ukhempa. Amagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane ziza ezindaweni lapho zingathola khona ukudla kalula. Kufanele sigcine ukudla okunjalo kumboziwe kahle emakhaya ethu nasemakhishini.

Uma nginomkhuhlane wamagundane, ngingazinakekela kanjani?

Uma une-hay fever, lezi zinto zingakusiza:

• Gcina inxeba lakho lihlanzekile . Ligeze ngensipho namanzi, bese ulimboza ngebhandeji elihlanzekile.
• Thatha ama-antibiotic njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele . Setha i-alamu efonini yakho noma kwenye into ukuze ikukhumbuze ukuthi uphuze imithi yakho ngesikhathi.
• Hlala unamanzi emzimbeni . Ukuphuza amanzi kusiza ekuqedeni izifo emzimbeni.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Umkhuhlane wamagundane yisifo esibi esingasongela impilo ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka. Uma ulunywe yigundane, isilwane esincane, noma esinye isilwane futhi unezimpawu zomkhuhlane wamagundane, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Futhi, uma unomkhuhlane wamagundane futhi izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemva kokwelashwa, kufanele ubone udokotela.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngithole kanjani lomkhuhlane wamagundane?
• Uma ngingenawo umkhuhlane wamagundane, yisiphi esinye isimo engingaba naso?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Ngenzenjani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo wama-antibiotic?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi umkhuhlane wami wamagundane uya uba mubi kakhulu?

Ingabe igundane lami elifuywayo lingathola umkhuhlane wamagundane?

Yebo, igundane lakho elifuywayo lingathola umkhuhlane wamagundane. Amagundane, izilwane ezincane, kanye nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zingathwala igciwane elithi `S. moniliformis` kanye nelithi `S. minus`, kodwa azibonisi zimpawu ezisobala . Zingayithola le gciwane ngokuxhumana ngqo nelinye igundane elithelelekile, noma ngokudla noma emanzini angcolile. Nakuba kungavamile, ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo ezihlangana namagundane athelelekile (isib. izinja noma amakati azingela noma adle amagundane) nazo zingasakaza leli gciwane. Amagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane zingaba zinhle kakhulu futhi zithandeke. Abantu abaningi bawagcina njengezilwane ezifuywayo ngenxa yalesi sizathu. Kodwa-ke, angathwala nama-bacteria angakwenza ugule. Amabili anjalo ama-bacteria yi-`Streptobacillus moniliformis` kanye ne-`Spirillum minus`. Yilezi ezibangela umkhuhlane wamagundane. Umkhuhlane wamagundane yisifo esingavamile kodwa esibi esenzeka ngemva kokuxhumana eduze nesilwane esithelelekile. Uma ungelashwa kahle, ungabulala . Ngakho-ke, uma uba nezimpawu zomkhuhlane wamagundane ngemva kokuklwejwa, ukulunywa, noma ukudalulwa amagundane yigundane noma esinye isilwane, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Uma ushesha ukufuna ukwelashwa, amathuba akho okululama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga ayanda.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu nge-Rat-Bite Fever namuhla, akunjalo? Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Isimungumungwane akusona isifo okufanele sidlalwe ngaso. Kuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane, uma singelashwa kahle, singaba sibi kakhulu futhi sisongela nokuphila.
• Uma uba nezimpawu zomkhuhlane wamagundane (njengomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga) ngemva kokulunywa, ukuklwejwa, noma ukuchayeka endle yamagundane, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungcono kakhulu.
• Ukuvimbela kuyindlela ehlakaniphile kakhulu yokwenza. Gcina ikhaya lakho lingenamagundane, ligcine lihlanzekile, futhi ugcine ukudla neziphuzo zimboziwe. Izinto ezilula ezifana nalezi zingenza umehluko omkhulu.
• Uma ugcina izilwane ezifana namagundane njengezilwane ezifuywayo, qaphela ukuhlanzeka lapho uziphatha. Gqoka amagilavu ​​​​uma uhlanza amakheji azo.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile! Umkhuhlane Wokulunywa Yigundane, i-RBF, Ukutheleleka Kwamagciwane, Umkhuhlane Wokulunywa Yigundane, Ukulunywa Yizilwane, Izimpawu Zomkhuhlane