Ukuvinjelwa Kwamathumbu? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Wake waba nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, umuzwa wokugcwala, noma umuzwa wokugula? Uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukudla, futhi uzizwa sengathi uzohlanza? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lwento ethile engathi sína. Lokho kuvimbeka emathunjini, noma lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi ukuvimbeka kwamathumbu . Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu kulokhu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, kodwa kalula kakhulu.

Kuyini ukuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Kalula nje, ukuvaleka kwamathumbu kuwukuvaleka kwamathumbu akho amancane noma amakhulu , kungaba ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele. Uyazi, ukudla esikudlayo kuhamba ngamathumbu ngemuva kwesisu, lapho kumunca khona izakhamzimba ezidingwa ngumzimba, futhi ekugcineni imfucuza isuswa njengendle. Ngakho-ke, lapho lo mgudu wamathumbu uvaleka, ukudla kanye nemfucuza kuyayeka ukuhamba futhi kubhajwe endaweni eyodwa.

Cabanga ukuthi uma ipayipi lamanzi libhajwa phakathi, amanzi agcwala endaweni eyodwa esikhundleni sokugeleza. Yilokhu okwenzekayo nalapha.

Uma imfucuza, umoya, kanye nojusi wokugaya ukudla kubhajwa ngale ndlela, izicubu zamathumbu kuleyo ndawo zingalimala. Lokhu kungamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwamathumbu futhi kubangele nezinkinga eziyingozi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma unalezi zimpawu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu kuvinjelwa kwamathumbu ngokususelwa ekutheni ukuvinjelwa kutholakala kuphi:

• Ukuvaleka Kwamathumbu Amancane: Esikhathini esiningi, cishe u-80% wokuvaleka kwenzeka emathunjini amancane. Amathumbu amancane yingxenye exhumanisa isisu namathumbu amakhulu. Njengoba ukudla kudlula emathunjini amakhulu, kuyagaywa bese izakhamzimba namanzi kungene emzimbeni.
• Ukuvinjelwa Kwamathumbu Amakhulu: Amathumbu amakhulu ahlanganisa ikholoni yakho kanye ne -rectum . Ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba okuqala emathunjini amancane kuyaqhubeka lapha. Kuphinde kucubungule ukudla namanzi kube yindle. Cishe u-20% wazo zonke izithiyo zenzeka emathunjini amakhulu.

Kungahlukaniswa futhi ngokwesimo sokuvaleka:

• Ukuvaleka Okuphelele: Ingxenye yamathumbu ethintekile ivalekile ngokuphelele. Akukho lutho olungadlula.
• Ukuvinjelwa Okuyingxenye: Ingxenye yamathumbu kuphela evinjiwe noma encishisiwe. Ezinye izinto zingadlula.
• Ukuvinjelwa mbumbulu: Lokhu kuyinto exakile kancane. Kubangela izimpawu zokuvinjelwa ngaphandle kokuba nakho. Ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi kubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lwezinzwa lwamathumbu. Kodwa kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngalokhu.

Kuvame kangakanani ukuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amancane kuyisizathu esivamile sokuthi abantu bavakashele iminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo (EDs). Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amancane akuvamile kubantu abaningi. Kodwa-ke, kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu. Cishe abantu abangu-40% abanomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu batholakala benalesi sifo uma befika emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo benezimpawu zokuvaleka kwamathumbu okubangelwa umdlavuza.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuvaleka kwamathumbu amancane?

Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besisu obungazelelwe, obukhulu obuzophela bese bubuya (njengegagasi). Ubuhlungu bungase buqhubeke isikhashana. Ungase futhi ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu besisu , ukuqunjelwa, noma ukuzizwa ugcwele .
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza .
• Ukudla akunambitheki .
• Ubuhlungu - Lokhu kusho umuzwa ojwayelekile wokugula.
• Uhudo (lokhu kuvame ukuba uphawu lokuvaleka kwengxenye).
• Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nomchamo omnyama.
• Ukuqunjelwa okukhulu (uma kwenzeka kuvimbeke ngokuphelele, akukho ukuhamba komoya noma kwendle).

Banjani abantwana abancane?

Izinsana nezingane zinezimpawu ezifanayo nezabantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukubona ukuthi ingane izwa ubuhlungu kuphi. Bangase badonsele imilenze yabo esiswini bese bekhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane ezincane zingase zibe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Imfiva.
• Ukopha okubangelwa yi-rectum.
• Ukuhlanza okuluhlaza okotshani-okuphuzi.
• Ukudinwa.
• Isisu sizwakala sivuvukele futhi siqinile.

Kuzwakala kanjani ukuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Indlela okuzwakala ngayo ingahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuvaleka kusesiswini esincane noma emathunjini amakhulu, nokuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi esiswini. Ngokuvamile, ukuvaleka kwamathumbu kuzwakala njengobuhlungu obukhulu esiswini. Ekuvalekeni kwamathumbu amancane, ubuhlungu buvela kancane kancane, njalo ngemizuzu embalwa. Ubuhlungu bungazwakala nasezindaweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa. Ekuvalekeni kwamathumbu amakhulu, ubuhlungu bungaba buqhubekayo. Ubuhlungu bungase buzwakale sengathi busakazeka esiswini sonke. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinhlungu ezinkulu zesisu kanye nezimpawu ezifana nokuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ungakwazi yini ukuphuma indle uma unesivalo samathumbu?

Yebo. Kuya ngokuthi ukuvaleka kukuphi nokuthi kukhulu kangakanani. Isibonelo, ukuvaleka okungaphelele kungenza kube nzima kancane ukuphuma kwendle, kodwa ukuvaleka okuphelele kungenza kube nzima ukuphuma kwendle noma ukuphuma umoya.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko zokuvaleka kwamathumbu:

• Ukunamathela Kwesisu: Uma uke wahlinzwa isisu noma i-pelvic ngaphambilini, ungase ukhule izicubu zesilonda esiswini sakho ngemva kwalolo hlinzwa. Lokhu kungasebenza njengetheyiphu enamathelayo futhi kunamathisele izingxenye zamathumbu akho ndawonye, ​​okubangela ukuvaleka. Lesi yisici esiyinhloko esiyingozi sokuvaleka kwamathumbu amancane emazweni afana ne-United States.
• Ama-Hernia: Ingxenye yamathumbu ingaphuma endaweni ebuthakathaka odongeni lwesisu. Uma ingxenye yamathumbu ephumayo inamathela, noma uma iqina kakhulu, ingabangela ukuvaleka kwamathumbu. Ama-Hernia ayimbangela yesibili evame kakhulu yokuvaleka kwamathumbu amancane.
• Izimila Ezinomdlavuza: Izimila ezinomdlavuza zingakhula kukholoni uqobo, noma umdlavuza ovela kwenye indawo ungasakazekela kukholoni (umdlavuza osakazeka emathunjini) . Lezi zimila zingabangela ukuvaleka kwekholoni okuyingxenye noma okuphelele. Imbangela eyinhloko yokuvaleka kwekholoni umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.

Kunezinye izizathu futhi:

• Isifo Samathumbu Esivuvukalayo (IBD): Izimo ze-IBD, njengeSifo sikaCrohn, zingabangela ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda ezindongeni zamathumbu. Lezi zicubu zesilonda zinganqwabelana futhi zinciphise amathumbu (ama-strictures) .
• I-Diverticulitis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izikhwama ezincane (i-diverticula) emathunjini zikhula futhi zivuvukale. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungabangela ukuthi ithunjini linciphe. Njengase-IBD, kungenzeka kube nezibazi, kunciphe ithunjini.
• Ukungena ngaphakathi: Lena yimbangela ehamba phambili yokuvaleka kwamathumbu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingxenye eyodwa yamathumbu ivaleleka kwenye, njenge-telescope egoqelwa ngaphakathi. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amathumbu avaleke futhi ukugeleza kwegazi kungavaleka.
• I-Volvulus: Ezinye izingane zizalwa zinokukhubazeka kwamathumbu. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amathumbu azo asonteke (i-volvulus) , okungabangela ukuvaleka. Abantu abadala nabo bangaba nokukhubazeka kwamathumbu, kodwa akuvamile kakhulu.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esiswini, ethangeni, noma endukwini: I-radiation enteritis ingenzeka njengomphumela ongemuhle wokwelashwa ngemisebe. Yilapho imisebe ibangela izibazi kwezicubu ezinempilo. Lokhu kuzibazi kungabangela amathumbu ukuba anciphe futhi avaleke.
• Ukudla into yangaphandle: Uma ugwinya into umzimba ongakwazi ukuyigaya futhi engahloselwe ukudla, ingabhajwa emathunjini.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuvaleka kwamathumbu zingaba yingozi empilweni .

• Ukubhoboka Kwamathumbu Nokutheleleka: Ukuqongelela koketshezi, umoya, kanye nojusi wokugaya ukudla ngenxa yokuvaleka kungandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwamathumbu, okubangela ukuthi amathumbu aqhume noma abhoboke . Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamathumbu kuvuzele emgodini wesisu, okubangela ukutheleleka kwesisu okubizwa ngokuthi i-peritonitis , noma ukutheleleka okusongela ukuphila okubizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis okuthinta wonke umzimba.
• Ukuklinywa - ukufa kwezicubu: Ukuklinywa kubangela ukuthi izingxenye zamathumbu zilahlekelwe yigazi. Lezi zicubu ziqala ukufa (i-Gangrene) . Lokhu kungaholela nasekuthelelekeni okukhulu ngisho nokufa.

Ukubona kanjani ukuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Ngenxa yokuthi ukuvaleka kwamathumbu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngoba asikho isikhathi sokuchitha. Ukuxilongwa kungafaka:

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini.
• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Udokotela uzohlola isisu sakho ukuthi asivuvukile, sinamaqhubu, noma ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka. Bangase basebenzise ne-stethoscope ukulalela imisindo ekhombisa ukuvaleka kwamathumbu.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Kuzokwenziwa inani eliphelele legazi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-electrolyte . Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuzobheka izimpawu zokutheleleka. Amazinga e-electrolyte angabona ukuthi uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu. Uma kunjalo, kuzodingeka unikezwe usawoti (i-IV fluids) ngokushesha.

Izinqubo zokuthatha izithombe zingasiza udokotela ukuthi abone ukuvaleka futhi ahlole izinkinga. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-X-ray esisu: Ama-X-ray angabonisa ukuthi ukuvaleka kukuphi. Angabonisa nokuthi kukhona umoya ozungeze amathumbu noma eduze kwe-diaphragm (umsipha ohlukanisa isisu nesifuba). Umoya kulezi zindawo ungasho ukuthi ingxenye yamathumbu ifile noma ibhobokile.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan): I-CT scan ingaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi kune-X-ray. Lokhu kungadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho nokuthola ulwazi olunembile mayelana nokuthi ukuvaleka kukuphi nokuthi yini ebangela lokho.
• I-X-ray ye-Barium Enema: Lena yi-X-ray yekholoni. Ngesikhathi ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia, udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) nge-rectum yakho.Leli payipi lifakwa ku-colon yakho futhi ligcwele uketshezi oluphephile. Izithombe ze-X-ray zithathwa njengoba lolu ketshezi ludlula ku-colon yakho. Lolu ketshezi lwenza i-colon yakho ibonakale ngokucacile ezithombeni ze-X-ray.

Lezi zindlela zokuthwebula izithombe zisebenzisa imisebe. Uma kukhona ingozi yokuchayeka emisebeni (ngisho noma kusezingeni eliphephile), ungase ufune ezinye izindlela esikhundleni salezi zindlela. Abesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane ezincane bangase bakwazi ukwenza ama-ultrasound noma ama-MRI scan, angasebenzisi imisebe.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha ukuvaleka kwamathumbu?

Iningi labantu abanezinkinga zamathumbu badinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha esibhedlela. Ukuphazamiseka okuphelele kuvame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa okusheshayo. Ukuphazamiseka okuyingxenye kungelashwa ukuze kuqiniswe isimo sakho, kulandelwe izixazululo ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa (njengokuphumula amathumbu). Konke lokhu kuncike ekutheni ukucindezeleka kukhulu kangakanani. Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (IV): Uzonikezwa uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni kanye nama-electrolyte ukwelapha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Ipayipi Lokungena Kwesisu: Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ufake leli payipi ukuze ususe uketshezi nomoya oqongeleleke ngenxa yokuvaleka. Leli payipi elide, elincane elifakwa ngekhala lakho bese lifakwa esiswini noma emathunjini akho.
• Imithi: Imithi yokulwa nokugabha inganikezwa ukuqeda isicanucanu nokuhlanza, kanti imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu inganikezwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu.
• Ukuphumula Kwamathumbu: Ukuze uvumele isikhathi sokuba ukuvaleka kuphele futhi amathumbu anciphe abe ngosayizi wawo ojwayelekile, kungadingeka uyeke ukudla noma ukuphuza. Noma, unganikwa uketshezi olukhethekile lokuphuza oluqukethe izakhamzimba ezivela ekudleni.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma amathumbu akho evalekile ngokuphelele, ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka. Udokotela wakho angasusa noma yiziphi izibazi noma amathumba abangela ukuvaleka. Akuvamile, bangase basuse nezicubu ezigulayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angabeka i -stent ( njengethubhu le-mesh) ukuze agcine ukuvaleka kuvulekile, axazulule ukuvaleka ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okwengeziwe. Noma, i-stent ingafakwa njengesixazululo sesikhashana uze uphile kahle ngokwanele ukuba uhlinzwe ukuze kulungiswe ukuvaleka.

Yini ongayilindela uma unesivimbelo samathumbu?

Abantu abaningi bayalulama ngemva kokwelashwa. Izimpawu zokuthi ukuvaleka kwesisu kuyaphola zifaka phakathi ukuqunjelwa, ukuncipha kokuqunjelwa, kanye nekhono lokuhamba kwamathumbu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukuvaleka kwesisu kubangela ukubhoboka kwamathumbu, lesi simo singasongela impilo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Bona udokotela uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu:

• Imfiva.
• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma izinhlungu ezifikayo nezidlulayo noma ezihlala njalo.
• Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Kungani ngibe nokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa engiludingayo?
• Ingabe ngisengozini yokuthola ukuvaleka kwamathumbu esikhathini esizayo?
• Yiziphi izinkinga okufanele ngiziqaphele ngenxa yokwelashwa?
• Ngingayishintsha kanjani indlela engidla ngayo kanye namazinga omsebenzi wami ngesikhathi ngilulama?

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule

Uma unezimpawu zokuvaleka kwamathumbu, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha. Abantu abaningi bavame ukuhlehlisa ukuya kudokotela uma bezwa ubuhlungu, becabanga ukuthi akuyona into enkulu. Kodwa uma kukhulunywa ngokuvaleka kwamathumbu, "ukulinda kuphele" akuyona inketho enhle. Ungabunaki ubuhlungu besisu , ikakhulukazi uma uke wahlinzwa ngaphambilini noma unesifo esiyingozi njenge-IBD. Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu kuyisimo esingelapheka. Ungalibali.

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Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu , ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, ukuhlanza, izifo zamathumbu, ukuhlinzwa