Ingabe umfutho wegazi lakho awulawulwa ngemithi? Ake sixoxe 'ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme omelana nokucindezeleka kwegazi'!

Uyazi, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho noma sithatha imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi, kunezikhathi lapho kunzima kakhulu ukuyilawula. Uzizwa sengathi umfutho wegazi wakho awunciphi ngisho nangemva kokushintsha umuthi onikezwe udokotela ngamunye ngamunye? Awuwedwa, kunabantu ababhekene nalesi simo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ``I-Resistant Hypertension``.

Kuyini lokhu 'kwe-hypertension okumelana'?

Kalula nje, 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme omelana nokumelana' yilapho umfutho wegazi wakho, uma sikhuluma iqiniso, uhlala usezingeni lamamilimitha angu-140/90 e-mercury (140/90 mmHg) noma ngaphezulu - noma ngabe uthatha okungenani izinhlobo ezintathu zemithi yomfutho wegazi ngemithamo ephezulu. Lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zemithi zivame ukufaka:

• Umuthi owodwa wokukhipha isisu (siwubiza ngokuthi " amaphilisi amanzi ").
• Isivimbeli sesiteshi se-calcium esisodwa.
• I-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor noma i-angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma "umfutho wegazi ophakeme" njengoba sonke sazi, kuyinkinga enkulu yezempilo ekhulisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi (izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi). Ungacabanga, uma umfutho wegazi wakho ungalawulwa ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokwelashwa okuqhubekayo, odokotela baqala ukusola ukuthi "unomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawulwa." Izifundo zezokwelapha ziyaqhubeka ukuthola izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha ezingasiza abantu abanalesi simo esikhathini esizayo.

Kuvame kangakanani 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki'?

Ngokusho kwedatha evela e-United States, cishe abantu abadala abangu-29% banomfutho wegazi ophakeme . Kulabo , cishe abangu-12% bawela esigabeni 'somfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawulwa.' Kubonakala sengathi lesi simo asibalulekile naseSri Lanka.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Cabanga nje, abanye abantu abazi nokuthi banomfutho wegazi ophakeme iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa-ke, umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalashwa ungaba yingozi kakhulu empilweni yakho . Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu njalo, abanye abantu baye babhekana nezinto ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ukuqina kwesifuba, noma ukuphelelwa umoya . Ngakho-ke, wena nodokotela wakho kufanele niqaphele njalo umfutho wegazi lakho, ikakhulukazi njengoba nikhula. Ungalinganisa umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya nge-electronic blood pressure monitor enhle nengabizi. Ungathola idivayisi enjalo ekhemisi noma ku-inthanethi.

Kungani lokhu 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki' kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani kwenzeka 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki'. Lezi zingahluka kusukela endleleni yakho yokuphila, imithi ethile oyiphuzayo, noma ngisho nezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo.

Indlela yokuphila nokudla

Lokhu okulandelayo kungabangela kokubili umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye 'nomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki':

• I-Body Mass Index yakho (BMI) ingaphezu kuka-25 (okusho ukuthi unamafutha amaningi emzimbeni).
• Ukuntuleka komsebenzi womzimba (ukungawuvivinyi umzimba).
• Ukudla usawoti omningi (lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi!).
• Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile .

Eminye imithi

Eminye yemithi oyithathayo, kokubili imithi kadokotela kanye nemithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (OTC), ingenza kube nzima ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho. Isibonelo:

• Iziqeda-buhlungu , ikakhulukazi lezo ezibizwa ngokuthi ``ama-NSAID - Izidakamizwa Ezingavimbeli Ukuvuvukala''. Isibonelo ``( Ibuprofen )'' kanye ``( Naproxen )''.
• Izinto zokuqeda ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Izithibela-nzalo eziphuzwa ngomlomo (amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo).
• Eminye imikhiqizo yezitshalo efana ne-Ginseng ne-Licorice.

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo (Izimbangela zesibili)

Ngezinye izikhathi, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezingelapheka zingaba imbangela 'yomfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki'. Lezi sizibiza ngokuthi izimbangela zesibili. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• I-hyperaldosteronism eyinhloko: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zikhiqiza ama-hormone athile amaningi kakhulu.
• I-stenosis yemithambo yezinso: Lokhu kuwukuncipha kwemithambo ehambisa igazi ezinso zakho.
• Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona ( CKD ).
• Ukuphefumula komoya .
• I-Pheochromocytoma: Isimila esakheka endlaleni yakho ye-adrenal (lokhu kuyinto engavamile).
• Ukuncipha kwe-aorta (lokhu nakho akuvamile).
• I-Cushing syndrome: Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone athile e-steroid (lokhu nakho akuvamile).

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba 'nomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki'?

Abantu abalandelayo banamathuba amaningi okuthola 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki':

• Kulabo abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.
• Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela.
• Kwabamnyama baseMelika, "abansundu baseMelika" (lokhu kuyinto etholakala ezifundweni zaseMelika).
• Kwabesifazane.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela kulesi simo?

Uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme kodwa olawulwayo, abantu 'abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki', ongelula ukuwulawula ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha, basengozini enkulu :

• Isifo sohlangothi.
• Isifo sezinso singase sivele.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kungenzeka.

Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyikhumbule: Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, akunjalo?

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki'?

Ukuze axilonge 'umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki', udokotela wakho uzoqoqa ulwazi oluningi kuwe. Bazofuna ukuqinisekisa okulandelayo:

• Ingabe amanani akho omfutho wegazi alinganiswe kahle ?
• Ingabe uthatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngendlela efanele nsuku zonke ?
• Ingabe unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-white coat syndrome" (okusho ukuthi umfutho wegazi wakho uyanda kuphela uma uya kudokotela).

Ukubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha

Udokotela wakho angase akubuze izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Uqale nini ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme?
• Yiziphi izinyathelo ozithathayo uma uhlola umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya?
• Yimiphi imithi (kufaka phakathi amakhambi kanye nezithasiselo) oyithathayo njengamanje, futhi ingabe uyithatha njengoba uyalelwe?
• Imibuzo mayelana nezimbangela zesibili ezingase zibe nomthelela ekucindezelekeni kwegazi okungalawuleki.
• Imibuzo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kotshwala nogwayi.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba

Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kubheka lezi zinto:

• Izinguquko ezingavamile emehlweni akho (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypertensive retinopathy).
• Imisindo engavamile ezwakala ngeminye yemithambo emikhulu (ebizwa ngokuthi ama-bruits - i-vascular murmurs). Le misindo ikhombisa ukuthi le mithambo yegazi ingaba nama-deposit amafutha angavamile, abizwa ngokuthi ama-plaque.

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini iphrotheni emchameni.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuhlola amazinga e-creatinine, i-glucose, kanye nama-electrolyte afana ne-sodium ne-potassium egazini lakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola isifo se-adrenal gland noma sezinso.
• Hlola isifo se-thyroid, njengoba isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypothyroidism singadala umfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe

Ungenza lezi zivivinyo ukuze uhlole izindlala zakho ze-adrenal noma ukuze ubone ukuthi imithambo yakho yezinso inciphile yini:

• Ama-X-ray.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound.
• I-CT scan `(I-computed tomography - I-CT scans)`.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukuthi kwenziwe ucwaningo lokulala ukuze abone ukuthi une-sleep apnea.

Ungayilawula kanjani le 'ngcindezi yegazi ephezulu engalawuleki'? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nemithi kungasetshenziswa njengokwelapha 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki'.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Izinguquko ongazenza yilezi:

• Ukunciphisa usawoti (ukudla ngaphansi kwama-milligram angu-2,400 ngosuku) kanye nokunciphisa utshwala.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-NSAID njengemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu bese usebenzisa into efana ne-paracetamol (i-Acetaminophen) esikhundleni salokho.
• Yenza umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca ngaphandle okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku eziningana ngesonto.

Imithi

Ukwelapha 'umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki' ngezinye izikhathi kungaba lula njengokuqinisekisa ukuthi ulandela imiyalelo yokuphuza imithi yakho. Eqinisweni, cishe ezimweni ezingama-40% 'zomfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki', imithi ayisebenzi kahle ngoba abantu abayithathi kahle . Ukuze uthole okuningi ngemithi yakho, udinga ukuyithatha nsuku zonke, ngesilinganiso esifanele, nangesikhathi esifanele nsuku zonke .

Uma unenkinga yokusebenzisa imithi yakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho . Ungase ungakwazi ukuthatha imithi yakho ngendlela efanele ngenxa yemiphumela emibi. Uma unemiphumela emibi evela komunye umuthi, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukukunikeza umuthi ohlukile. Noma bangase bakwazi ukukushintshela komunye umuthi okudingeka uwuthathe kanye kuphela ngosuku. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Uma uphuza imithi yakho ngendlela efanele futhi usenayo 'ingcindezi ephezulu yegazi engalawuleki', udokotela wakho angase angeze omunye umuthi. Abanye abantu kungadingeka bathathe izinhlobo ezine noma ezinhlanu zemithi yomfutho wegazi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemithi yomfutho wegazi yilezi:

• Imithi yokuhlanza.
• Ama-blocker eziteshi ze-calcium.
• Ama-ACE inhibitors/ama-angiotensin receptor blockers (ama-ACE inhibitors/ama-ARB).

Kuye ngezinga lakho le-potassium, udokotela wakho kungadingeka aphinde kabili umthamo wakho wokukhipha isisu, engeza umuthi wesine - i-aldosterone antagonist efana ne-spironolactone - ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho. Noma udokotela wakho angakhetha i-beta-blocker.

Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa

Cishe yonke imithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi yemithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme ihlanganisa:

• Isiyezi.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukudinga ukuchama njalo.
• Ukuqunjelwa (ubunzima bokuya endlini yangasese).
• Ukukhwehlela okomile.
• Ukukhathala.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi 'yomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki'?

Ukuze uvimbele umfutho wegazi wakho ophezulu ukuthi ungabe usamelana nokwelashwa, yenza okulandelayo:

• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo mayelana nokuthatha imithi yakho yomfutho wegazi.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Zivocavoce imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto (yisakaze izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu).
• Nciphisa inani likasawoti olidlayo.
• Nciphisa inani lotshwala oluphuzayo.
• Lala kahle njalo ebusuku.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma 'ngine-high blood pressure engalawuleki'?

Abantu abaningi 'abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki' bangalawula umfutho wegazi wabo ngemithi. Ngaphezu kokukunikeza imithi, udokotela wakho angase afune ukuzama izindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ukushintsha kusuka komunye umuthi wokukhipha isisu uye komunye onamandla, noma ukukucela ukuthi uphuze umuthi wakho ongewona owokukhipha isisu ebusuku.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Ukuphila nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kuyinto okufanele uyenze usuku lonke, nsuku zonke. Ukuzinakekela kuhlanganisa:

• Ukuthatha imithi yakho yomfutho wegazi ngesikhathi esifanele nangesilinganiso esifanele .
• Ukunciphisa inani likasawoti notshwala okudlayo nokuphuzayo.
• Ukuya kudokotela ngezinsuku ezihleliwe (ama-aphoyintimenti okuhlolwa).
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo .
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Ukuhlola umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya.

Yiziphi izinto ezinhle kakhulu ongazidla uma 'une-high blood pressure engalawuleki'?

Usawoti unyusa umfutho wegazi lakho , ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwugwema. Kodwa ungase ungazi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe usawoti. Ungamangala ukuzwa ukuthi ukudla kwasezindaweni zokudlela kanye nokudla okucutshunguliwe kuqukethe usawoti omningi . Ukugwema kanye/noma ukunciphisa lokhu kudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni inani likasawoti olidlayo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Bona udokotela wakho uma:

• Uma unenkinga yokusebenzisa imithi udokotela wakho akunike yona.
• Uma uthatha yonke imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe, kodwa amazinga akho omfutho wegazi asephezulu .

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu yisimo esidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Kulesi simo, umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka kakhulu ngokuzumayo (180/120 millimeters of mercury - `180/120 mmHg`), bese uba nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba (njengokuduma okukhulu).
• Isiyezi.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngidinga ukushintsha imithi yami?
• Yimuphi umuthi wokucindezela kwegazi ongcono kakhulu kimi?
• Kufanele ngihlole kangaki umfutho wegazi lami ekhaya?
• Kufanele ngize kangaki ukuzokubona ukuze ngithole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela?

Kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo uma uphuza imithi eminingi kodwa ungaboni ntuthuko. Uma usebenzisa imithi emithathu ehlukene yomfutho wegazi, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukubuyisela umfutho wegazi wakho esimweni esijwayelekile. Ukukhuluma ngokwethembeka nodokotela wakho kungakusiza ukuthola ikhambi lale nkinga. Kungcono kakhulu ukubuza imibuzo nganoma yini ongaqiniseki ngayo.

Okokugcina, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukucindezeleka kwegazi okunzima ukumelana nakho kuyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukusilawula.

• Ukuxilongwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungase kube nesinye isizathu esiyinhloko somfutho wegazi wakho ophezulu.
• Kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho ngendlela efanele, ngesikhathi, nangesilinganiso esinqunyiwe. Uma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingaba nomthelela omkhulu. Ungakhohlwa izinto ezifana nokunciphisa usawoti, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kanye nokugcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Gcina ukuxhumana okuhle nodokotela wakho. Khuluma ngokukhululekile ngezinkinga zakho, indlela ozizwa ngayo, kanye nemiphumela emibi yemithi yakho.
• Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi noma ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho.

Khumbula, awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lezempilo balapha ukuzokusiza. Ngokubekezela okuncane, ukwelashwa okufanele, kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, nawe ungalawula lesi simo!