Ingabe umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amandla njengoba ukhula? Kungaba yi-sarcopenia!

Uzizwa sengathi izitho zakho zomzimba ziya ngokuya ziba buthakathaka njengoba ukhula, futhi ungenawo amandla okwenza izinto owawuzenza? Ingabe ukuthola kunzima ukuhamba? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kuyingxenye evamile yokuguga. Kodwa-ke, kungaba uphawu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-sarcopenia." Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kancane namuhla, ngoba kuthinta abantu abaningi, kodwa kuyinto okungakhulunywa ngayo njalo.

Kuyini i-sarcopenia? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-sarcopenia ukulahleka kancane kancane kwemisipha namandla njengoba siguga. Cabanga ngale ndlela: imisipha yethu ifana nezitini ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha indlu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zitini ziyaguga futhi amandla endlu ayancipha. Lesi simo sithinta kakhulu abantu asebekhulile. Kodwa akusikho nje ukuguga. Kungenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke futhi kunciphise ikhwalithi yokuphila. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ekutheni abantu bathembele kwabanye futhi badinge ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-sarcopenia yandisa ubuthakathaka bomzimba, futhi amathuba okuwa nokuphuka njalo nawo aphezulu. Uma lezi zinto zenzeka, kufanele ubhekane nezinto ezifana nokulaliswa esibhedlela nokuhlinzwa. Bese kuvela izinkinga ezengeziwe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezisongela ngisho nokuphila.

I-Sarcopenia ingenzeka nakubantu abane-body mass index ephezulu (BMI). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhuluphala kwe-sarcopenic." Izinkinga ezihambisana nalezi zimo zombili zinkulu kunezo ezibangelwa ukukhuluphala kuphela, noma i-sarcopenia kuphela.

Ngubani othola i-sarcopenia?

Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60. Ingozi yokusithola iyanda ngokuguga. Singathinta abesilisa nabesifazane ngokulinganayo. Imiphumela yezifundo zokuthi sithinta kanjani amaqembu ezinhlanga ezahlukene ayifani kakhulu. Futhi, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona. Cabanga ngomakhelwane wethu, uMalume uNimal. Wayengumuntu owayegijima futhi esebenza kakhulu? Manje uneminyaka engaba ngu-65 ubudala. Uthi, "Manje angisakwazi ngisho nokukhuphuka izitebhisi njengoba ngangivame ukwenza, bantwana. Kunzima kakhulu ukuya esitolo." Mhlawumbe uMalume uNimal naye uthintekile yilesi simo.

Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?

Eqinisweni, imiphumela yezifundo ngalesi sihloko ixubile. Abantu abaningi abasiboni lesi simo noma bafuna ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-5% no-13% wabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-60 banalesi simo. Phakathi kwabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-80, leli nani lingafinyelela ku-11% kuya ku-50%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuvame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo.

I-sarcopenia ithinta kanjani umzimba wami?

Imisipha yethu yakhiwe ngemicu yemisipha. I-Sarcopenia yisimo lapho inani nobukhulu bale micu yemisipha kuncipha khona. Imisipha ibe isiba buthakathaka. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuwohloka kwemisipha." Njengoba siguga, izinguquko ezithile zenzeka emizimbeni yethu. Lezi zinguquko ziyimbangela eyinhloko ye-sarcopenia. Isibonelo, imizimba yethu ayikhiqizi amaprotheni adingekayo ekukhuleni kwemisipha njengoba siguga. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, amangqamuzana emisipha ayancipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba siguga, izinguquko kuma-hormone afana ne-testosterone kanye ne-insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) zithinta imicu yemisipha yethu. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela ye-sarcopenia.

Ziyini izimpawu zeSarcopenia?

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ubuthakathaka bemisipha. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlanganise:

• Ukulahlekelwa amandla.
• Ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke . Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi emincane.
• Ukuhamba kancane. Angikwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha njengoba ngangivame ukuhamba.
• Ubunzima bokukhuphuka izitebhisi.
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi kanye nokuwa njalo.
• Ukuncipha kwemisipha. Izitho zomzimba zizizwa zibuthakathaka.

Uma ugogo noma umkhulu wakho enalezi zimpawu, kufanele ukhathazeke kancane ngakho.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-sarcopenia?

Imbangela evame kakhulu ukuguga ngokwemvelo. Sonke siqala ukulahlekelwa isisindo semisipha namandla kancane kancane eminyakeni yethu engama-30 noma engama-40. Le nqubo ishesha phakathi kweminyaka engama-65 nama-80. Nakuba izinga lokulahlekelwa lihluka kumuntu nomuntu, isisindo semisipha singancipha ngo-8% ngeshumi leminyaka. Wonke umuntu ulahlekelwa imisipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu kubantu abane-sarcopenia. Nakuba ukuguga kuyimbangela eyinhloko, abacwaningi bathole ezinye izici eziningana eziyingozi ezingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-sarcopenia. Lezi zifaka:

• Ukungawuvivinyi umzimba. Ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, ukungawuvivinyi umzimba.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile . Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Izifo ezingamahlalakhona . Isibonelo, isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (COPD),Isifo sezinso , isifo sikashukela , umdlavuza kanye nokutheleleka nge-HIV.
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa nge-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Ukumelana ne-insulin.
• Ukwehla kwamazinga e-hormone.
• Ukungondleki kahle noma ukungatholi amaprotheni anele.
• Ukwehla kwamandla okuguqula amaprotheni abe amandla.
• Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli ezinzwa athumela imiyalezo esuka ebuchosheni iye emisipheni ukuze inyakaze.

I-Sarcopenia itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho angase akuhlole futhi akubuze ngezimpawu zakho ukuze abone ukuthi une-sarcopenia. Angase futhi akucele ukuthi ugcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo olubizwa ngokuthi i-SARC-F . Lokhu kuyindlela yokuzibika ngokwakho yezimpawu zakho. I-SARC-F yile:

• S — Amandla
• A — Usizo ngokuhamba (Udinga usizo ngokuhamba?)
• R — Ukuvuka esihlalweni (Kunzima yini ukuvuka esihlalweni?)
• C — Ukunyuka izitebhisi (Kunzima yini ukukhwela izitebhisi?)
• F — Ukuwa (Ingabe ukuwa kuyenzeka?)

Ngayinye yalezi zici inikezwa amaphuzu aphakathi kuka-0 no-2. Amaphuzu aphezulu angu-10. Uma amaphuzu e-SARC-F engu-4 noma ngaphezulu, kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-sarcopenia?

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okuhlonza lokhu. Udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okuningana ukusiza ekuxilongeni lesi simo nokunquma ubucayi baso.

Ukuhlolwa okukala amandla emisipha:

• Ukuhlolwa kokubamba ngesandla: Amandla esandla okubamba into ngokuqinile anganikeza umbono wamandla eminye imisipha emzimbeni.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuma kwesihlalo: Lokhu kulinganisa amandla emisipha emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi emathangeni. Kulinganisa ukuthi ungasukuma kangaki esihlalweni bese uhlala phansi futhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izandla zakho zingakapheli imizuzwana engama-30.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesivinini sokuhamba: Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhamba amamitha angu-4 (cishe amamitha angu-13) ngesivinini sakho esivamile sokuhamba.
• Ibhethri Elifushane Lokusebenza Komzimba (i-SPPB): Lokhu kuqukethe imisebenzi emithathu ehleliwe ngesikhathi: ukuhlolwa kokuphakama kwesihlalo, ukuhlolwa kokulinganisela ukuma, kanye nokuhlolwa kwesivinini sokuhamba.
• Isivivinyo Sokuhamba Esifike Ngesikhathi (TUG): Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuvuka esihlalweni, ukuhamba amamitha amathathu (cishe amamitha ayi-10) ukusuka esihlalweni, ukuhamba amamitha amathathu ubuyela esihlalweni, bese uhlala phansi siyalinganiswa.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okukala isisindo semisipha:

• I-Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (i-DEXA noma i-DXA - I-Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry):Lokhu kusebenzisa ama-X-ray anamandla aphansi ukukala isisindo semisipha yakho, isisindo samafutha, kanye nobuningi bamathambo.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Bioelectric impedance (BIA): Lokhu kuhlolwa kushibhile futhi kulula ukukwenza kune-DEXA. Kukala amafutha omzimba wakho maqondana nesisindo somzimba wakho esinciphile.

Iphathwa kanjani i-sarcopenia?

I-Sarcopenia ivame ukwelashwa ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila . Lezi zinguquko zingasiza ekuphatheni nasekulungiseni lesi simo ngezinga elithile.

• Umsebenzi womzimba: Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuqeqeshwa kwamandla okuqhubekayo okusekelwe ekumelaneni . Lolu hlobo lokuzivocavoca lungakusiza ukwakha amandla nokubuyisela emuva ukulahleka kwemisipha. Cabanga ngakho njengokuphakamisa izinsimbi.
• Ukudla Okunempilo: Kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo , ukudla ukudla okunempilo kungasiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela ye-sarcopenia. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola amaprotheni anele, kungaba ngokudla noma ngezithasiselo .

Yimiphi imithi ye-sarcopenia?

Abacwaningi basaphenya ukuthi izithasiselo zama-hormone zingakhulisa yini ubukhulu bemisipha. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje azikho izidakamizwa ezivunyelwe yi-FDA zokwelapha i-sarcopenia.

Ingabe i-sarcopenia ingavinjelwa?

Lokhu kuyingxenye yenqubo yokuguga yemvelo, ngakho-ke akunakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ukuqhubekela phambili kwalesi sifo. Lezi yizi:

• Ukukhetha Ukudla Okunempilo: Gcina ukudla okunempilo okuhlanganisa ukudla okuqukethe amaprotheni asezingeni eliphezulu . Hlosa amagremu angu-20 kuya kwangu-35 amaprotheni ngokudla ngakunye.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Gcina indlela yokuphila esebenzayo ngokomzimba, okuhlanganisa nokuzivocavoca njengokuqeqeshwa kokumelana nokucindezeleka .
• Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha: Bona udokotela wakho njalo . Mtshele uma kukhona izinguquko empilweni yakho.

Kwenzekani uma ngine-sarcopenia?

Umbono we-sarcopenia uncike kakhulu eminyakeni yakho. Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu njengoba ukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, siyahlukahluka kuye ngempilo yakho nendlela yakho yokuphila. Lesi sifo singaba nomthelela omkhulu ezingeni lakho lempilo. Ungase ukwazi ukuguqula imiphumela yalesi simo ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila.Kodwa-ke, uma ungazenzi izinguquko ezinconywayo, lesi sifo sizoqhubeka nokwenza buthaka imisipha yakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungadinga ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi esigcwele ukuze usebenze kahle empilweni yakho.

Ingabe i-sarcopenia iyisifo?

Ngo-2016, i-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yanikeza lesi simo ikhodi ye-International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), yamemezela i-sarcopenia njengesifo esihlukile. Lokhu kwenza kwaba yisimo esingabikwa kodokotela. Lokhu kwaholela ekuqashelweni okukhulu kanye nokwelashwa kwalesi simo. Lokhu kufakwa kwavumela abacwaningi ukuba basihlukanise nezimo ezifanayo, njenge-sarcopenia, futhi baqale ukuqoqa idatha ebalulekile ngalesi simo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Sarcopenia ne-Muscle Atrophy?

I-Sarcopenia uhlobo lokuwohloka kwemisipha. Ithinta kakhulu abantu asebekhulile. Ukuwohloka kwemisipha ukulahlekelwa kwezicubu zemisipha. Nakuba zombili lezi zimo zinezimpawu ezifanayo zokulahlekelwa kwemisipha, izindlela eziyisisekelo zihlukile. I-Sarcopenia yenzeka lapho usayizi nesimo sezintambo zemisipha kwehla. Ekuwohlokeni kwemisipha, usayizi wezintambo uyancipha, kodwa inani lezintambo lihlala lifana.

Wonke umuntu ulahlekelwa yimisipha ethile njengoba ekhula. Kodwa ku-sarcopenia, lokhu kulahlekelwa yimisipha kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha lesi simo nokuguqula imiphumela yaso.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma unobuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuxhuga, noma ezinye izimpawu ze-sarcopenia, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho. Angasithola lesi simo futhi athuthukise uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuphatha ukulahleka kwemisipha futhi kuthuthukise isimo sakho. Khumbula, yize ukuguga kungenakuvinjelwa, singanciphisa kakhulu imiphumela yezimo ezifana ne-sarcopenia ngokuphila impilo enempilo , okusho ukudla kahle nokuzivocavoca njalo . Ngakho-ke, nakekela umzimba wakho. Nakekela asebekhulile obathandayo. I-Sarcopenia, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuguga, ukulahleka kwemisipha, ukuzivocavoca, amaprotheni