Muva nje, besilokhu sizwa okuningi ngezifo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene nomkhuhlane, akunjalo? Kanye nokukhathazeka okuvamile njengomkhuhlane we-dengue noma i-flu, elinye igama liye lavela kaningi: “Scrub Typhus.” Kuyaqondakala ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, kodwa ake sikuchaze ndawonye. Kuyini ngempela? Ingabe kuyingozi? Ungazivikela kanjani? Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula, njengokungathi sixoxa nomngane.
Ngamagama Alula: Kuyini i-Scrub Typhus?
Naphezu kwegama layo elivamile, i-Scrub Typhus empeleni ayisabalaliswa yizimpukane. Ibangelwa ukulunywa yimpukane enesifo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-`(chigger)`. Lezi zinambuzane zincane kakhulu kangangokuthi azibonakali ngeso lenyama. Lesi sifo ngokwaso sibangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-`Orientia tsutsugamushi` .
Cabanga ngale ndlela: lezi zibungu ezincane zithatha amabhaktheriya ezigundwini ezifana namagundane namagundane. Uma i-larva ethelelekile ikuluma, amabhaktheriya angena emzimbeni wakho. Lezi zibungu zincane kakhulu futhi zivame ukuba nombala obomvu, ophuzi, noma o-orenji.
Lesi sifo sitholakala kuphi?
Lesi sifo sitholakala kakhulu ezifundeni kulo lonke elase-Asia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma emahlathini.
- Amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
- I-India
- I-Indonesia
- IShayina
- I-Japan
- INyakatho ye-Australia
Lezi zibungu ziyachuma ezindaweni ezinotshani, ezinamahlathi, ezimanzi, nezinomthunzi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase uzihlangane nazo ezingxenyeni ezinganakekelwa zegceke lakho, emaphethelweni ehlathi, ezinqwabeni zamaqabunga abolayo, noma ezihlahleni ezimanzi. Umsebenzi wezibungu uvame ukwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nezinyanga zasehlobo.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Scrub Typhus?
Ungase ungakuzwa ngisho nokulunywa yi-chigger; ngokuvamile akubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, indawo ingase iqale ukulunywa, futhi ungase uqaphele iqhubu elincane elibomvu.
Ngemva kokuba amagciwane engene emzimbeni wakho, kuba nesikhathi sokufukamela esingaba yizinsuku eziyi-6-10 lapho ungase uzizwe uphilile. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngokuzumayo cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12 ngemva kokuchayeka. Ukwazi lezi zimpawu kubalulekile.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Umkhuhlane omkhulu ngokuzumayo ohambisana nokubanda nokuthuthumela. |
| I-Eschar | Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esibonakalayo salesi sifo. Uqweqwe oluncane, olumnyama, olufana noqweqwe lwalo luyakheka endaweni lapho i-chigger ikulume khona. |
| Ukuqubuka | Ungase ube nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba okubomvu emzimbeni wakho. |
| Ubuhlungu Bomzimba | Ubuhlungu obukhulu bekhanda, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha. |
| Ezinye Izimpawu | Ukudideka, ama-lymph node avuvukele, amehlo abomvu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo kanye nezifo zamaphaphu. |
Okubaluleke Kakhulu: Uma lezi zimpawu zingalashwa, lesi sifo singaqhubekela phambili sibe yizinkinga ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa i-coma noma ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba.
Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-Scrub Typhus?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma usanda kuba sezindaweni ezinehlathi noma ezinamahlathi, bheka umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha .
Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi efuna i-'eschar'. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola ama-antibodies akhiqizwa ngumzimba wakho ukulwa namagciwane.
Ukuxilonga lokhu kungaba nzima ngoba izimpawu zifana nezifo ezivamile ezifana ne-dengue, i-leptospirosis, noma i-typhoid. Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela wakho kumele acabangele amathuba amaningana. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kokuqala kungaphelele, ungadinga ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ngemva kwamasonto angu-1-3. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho angase aqale ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zomtholampilo kunokulinda imiphumela yelabhorethri.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-Scrub Typhus iyelapheka ngokuphelele ngama-antibiotic. Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uyalulama ngokushesha.
Udokotela wakho cishe uzokunikeza umuthi olwa namagciwane obizwa ngokuthi 'i-doxycycline' , ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-7 noma ngaphezulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, unganikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Ezinganeni, kuvame ukunconywa ukuthi kuthathwe inkambo emfushane yezinsuku ezi-5 ukuvimbela imiphumela emibi njengokushintsha kombala wamazinyo. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abangezwani ne-doxycycline, kusetshenziswa amanye ama-antibiotic aphephile njenge -'azithromycin' .
Izinkinga Ezingaba Khona Zokutheleleka Okungelashwa
Uma ingelashwa, i-Scrub Typhus ingadala umonakalo ezithweni ezibalulekile zomzimba:
| Uhlelo Lomzimba | Inkinga Engaba Khona |
|---|---|
| Inhliziyo | I-Arrhythmias, i-myocarditis (ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo). |
| Ukugaya ukudla | Ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, izinkinga zesibindi, i-pancreatitis, kanye nokopha kwangaphakathi. |
| Ukuphefumula | Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), isimo esisongela ukuphila lapho uketshezi luqoqana khona emaphashini. |
| Izinso | Ukulimala Kwezinso Okubukhali (AKI) kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso. |
| Uhlelo Lwezinzwa | I-Meningitis noma i-meningoencephalitis, okungaholela ekuqulekeni nasekushintsheni kokuziphatha. |
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinzima, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kudokotela wakho noma uvakashele umnyango wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze nawe.
Ingabe ukhona umuthi wokugoma? Ungahlala kanjani uphephile?
Okwamanje, awukho umuthi wokugomela i-Scrub Typhus.
Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela kuyisu elingcono kakhulu. Umgomo ukugwema ukulunywa yizinja.
Uma ungena ezindaweni ezinezihlahla noma ezinamahlathi, thatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha:
- Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela. Gqoka amabhulukwe amade kanye namahembe anemikhono emide. Ukufaka amabhulukwe akho emasokisini akho kungangeza isivikelo esengeziwe.
- Sebenzisa isixoshi sezinambuzane. Faka isixoshi sezinambuzane esiqukethe i- 'DEET ' esikhumbeni nasezingutsheni eziveziwe.
- Gwema ukuhlala ngqo otshanini noma ezihlahleni.
- Kubantwana abancane nezingane ezincane, gcina imilenze yabo imbozwe kahle. Vikela inqola yabo noma isithwali ngenethi yokuzivikela.
- Ungafafazi umuthi wokuxosha izingane ngqo esikhumbeni sengane. Futha ezandleni zakho kuqala, bese uwufaka enganeni. Xhumana nodokotela wezingane ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umuthi wokuxosha izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala.
- Ngemva kokuba ngaphandle, geza izingubo zakho ngamanzi ashisayo (okungenani imizuzu engama-30) bese ugeza ngensipho efudumele.
- Uma uvame ukungena ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, cabanga ngokwelapha izingubo zakho nezimpahla zakho nge -permethrin engu-0.5% . Lokhu kubulala ama-chigger lapho ethintana futhi kuhlala kusebenza ngokuhlanza kaningana. Ungakusebenzisi lokhu ngqo esikhumbeni. Kwenzelwe izingubo nezimpahla kuphela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Scrub Typhus iyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane . Singaba sibi kakhulu, kodwa selapheka ngokuphelele ngama -antibiotic .
- Kusakazeka ngokulunywa yizinkukhu ezincane ezitholakala otshanini nasezindaweni ezinamahlathi.
- Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nokuvela kwesikhumba esimnyama (eschar) endaweni yokulunywa.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, hlala uzolile futhi uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.
- Ukuvimbela kungcono njalo kunokwelapha: mboza isikhumba sakho bese usebenzisa imithi yokuxosha izinambuzane uma ungaphandle ezindaweni eziyingozi.
I-Scrub Typhus, i-typhus, ama-chiggers, i-Orientia tsutsugamushi, i-eschar, i-doxycycline, iseluleko sezempilo, izimpawu zomkhuhlane
