Wake wacabanga ngaleso sitho esincane kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho: inhliziyo yakho? Cabanga ngaso njengenjini yomzimba wakho engakhathali, cishe ngobukhulu besibhakela sakho esigoqiwe. Sisebenza ngokungayeki usuku lonke, ngisho nalapho ulele. Ake singene endleleni esisebenza ngayo lesi sitho esimangalisayo, izinkinga zempilo esingabhekana nazo, kanye nezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze usigcine siqinile futhi siphilile ngeNirogi Lanka.
Kuyini Ukubhema?
Kalula nje, ukubhema kuhilela ukushisa into yesitshalo—ngokuvamile ugwayi osongwe ngephepha—ukuze uhogele intuthu yayo emlonyeni nasemaphashini akho. Njengoba uhogela, intuthu ihamba ngemigudu yakho yomoya iye emaphashini akho, lapho ingena khona egazini lakho futhi iye ebuchosheni bakho nakuzo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba wakho.
Nakuba lesi sihloko sigxile kusikilidi sikagwayi, abantu abaningi basebenzisa nosikilidi, amapayipi, insangu (ukhula/imbiza), noma ngisho nosikilidi wezitshalo.
Yini engaphakathi kukagwayi?
Ugwayi wakho ojwayelekile othengwa esitolo uqukethe izakhi ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- Izinto Ezitshalweni: Kugwayi kagwayi, lokhu kuqukethe amaqabunga omisiwe futhi acutshungulwe kanye neziqu zesitshalo iNicotiana tabacum .
- Iphepha eligoqekayo: Iphepha elincane elibamba izinto zesitshalo ndawonye.
- Isihlungi: Senzelwe ukubamba izinhlayiya ezinkulu kusuka kugwayi ovuthayo, yize singavimbeli intuthu, amagesi, namakhemikhali amahle ukuthi angafiki emaphashini akho.
Kungani abantu bebhema?
Abantu bavame ukuqala ukubhema befuna injabulo noma injabulo, kodwa kuba nzima ukuyeka ngokushesha. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthembela ngokomzimba ku- nicotine etholakala kugwayi. Uma ubuchopho bakho bungenayo i-nicotine, uba nezimpawu zokuhoxa ezikwenza uzizwe ungakhululekile futhi ungaphumuli.
Uma i-nicotine isifikile ebuchosheni bakho, ibangela ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali anikeza "umvuzo" wesikhashana. Yingakho ungase uzizwe kanje:
- Uphumule futhi uzolile.
- Kukhuthazwe futhi kuqaphile.
- Ukugxila kakhulu emsebenzini.
Kwabaningi, ukubhema kuba umkhuba wokuxhumana nabantu, njengokuthatha ikhofi ekuseni. Ungase ubheme ukuze uphumule ezindaweni zomphakathi, uqinise ukugxila kwakho ngenkathi usebenza, noma ngoba nje ujabulela umkhuba noma umuzwa wokuphatha ugwayi.
Ukubhema kwenzani emzimbeni wakho?
Ukubhema kuthinta yonke into kusukela esikhumbeni sakho nasezinzipho kuya ezicutshini zakho, ezithweni zomzimba, ngisho nendlela i-DNA yakho ethinta ngayoimisebenzi. Umonakalo uqala ngesikhathi ukhanyisa. Izinkulungwane zamakhemikhali akhishwa ugwayi oshisayo ziqala uhambo lwazo oluyingozi ngokushesha nje lapho uphefumula okokuqala.
Uma ukhanyisa…
Ukushisa kukhipha i-nicotine futhi kudale i-tar . Njengoba uletha ugwayi ezindebeni zakho, i-tar ingcolisa izinzipho zakho. Intuthu ibolisa isikhumba sakho futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala, okuholela emibimbi ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Ukuphefumula ngekhala lakho kulimaza iziphetho zemizwa, ekugcineni kunciphisa umuzwa wakho wokuhogela .
Njengoba uphefumula intuthu…
Nakuba isihlungi sibamba izinhlayiya ezinkulu, i-tar, i-nicotine, kanye nobunye ubuthi kusangena emlonyeni wakho. I-tar ingcolisa amazinyo akho, izinsini, nolimi . Igugula i-enamel yamazinyo, ikwenze uthambekele ekuboleni nasekuguleni kwezinsini , kuyilapho futhi ithuntubeza ikhono lakho lokunambitha ukudla okuthandayo.
Njengoba intuthu idlula emigwaqweni yakho yomoya…
I-tar imboza umphimbo wakho kanye nemisipha yezwi, okuvame ukubangela ukukhwehlela okungapheli . Okubi nakakhulu, i-tar kanye ne-hydrogen cyanide (igesi enobuthi) kuyakhubaza i-cilia yakho —izakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele emigudwini yakho yomoya. I-Cilia yenzelwe ukususa uthuli namagciwane, futhi uma yonakele, uba sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka kokuphefumula .
Uma intuthu ifika emaphashini akho nasegazini lakho…
Intuthu yonakalisa i-alveoli yakho (amasaka amancane omoya emaphashini akho), okungaholela ku- emphysema , isimo esingaphakathi kwe -COPD spectrum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-carbon monoxide evela entuthwini ingena egazini lakho, ibophezele kumaseli akho abomvu egazi futhi iwavimbele ekuthwaleni umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zakho. Lokhu kuntuleka komoya-mpilo kuholela ekuphefumulweni okunzima kanye nokuvuvukala okungapheli. Okwamanje, i-nicotine yonakalisa ulwelwesi lwemithambo yegazi yakho, okubangela ukuba iqine futhi inciphe , okwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kanye nohlangothi . Kwabesilisa, lokhu kuncipha kokujikeleza kwegazi kungaholela nasekungasebenzi kahle kwe-erection .
Uma amakhemikhali ejikeleza emzimbeni wakho wonke…
Uma lobu buthi bungena egazini lakho, buhamba yonke indawo. Uma uzizwa ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, obukhulu noma ukuphelelwa umoya, sicela uxhumane nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni ngokushesha. Zilimaza izitho zakho zomzimba, okuhlanganisa:
- Amathambo: I-Nicotine inciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-calcium futhi ivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli akha amathambo. Ngenxa yalokho, amathambo akho aba mancane futhi abe buthakathaka kakhulu , okwandisa ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka.
- Amehlo: Amakhemikhali akugwayi kanye nokunikezwa komoya-mpilo okunciphile kungalimaza kakhulu amehlo akho. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuba ne-cataracts, i-macular degeneration, ngisho nokulahlekelwa umbono unomphela .
- Isimiso Sokuzivikela Emzimbeni : Ukubhema kubangela ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo, okwenza amasosha omzimba wakho abe buthaka. Lokhu kukushiya usesichengeni esikhulu sokutheleleka futhi kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezizimele .
- Ama-hormone: I-Nicotine ingaphazamisa ibhalansi yakho yama-hormone, okungathinta ngqo ukuzala kwakho .
- I-DNA: Izinto ezinobuthi ezifana ne-arsenic, i-nickel, kanye ne-polonium enemisebe zilimaza i-DNA yakho futhi zivimbele izindlela zemvelo zokulungisa umzimba wakho.Lo monakalo we-DNA uyimbangela eyinhloko yokukhula komdlavuza futhi ungabangela nezinkinga zokuzala ngokulimaza amaseli esidoda.
Indlela i-nicotine ethinta ngayo ubuchopho bakho…
Uma i-nicotine ingena egazini lakho, iya ngqo ebuchosheni bakho. Lapho, ivuselela ama-receptor athile abangela ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali 'azizwa kahle' njenge -dopamine, i-adrenaline, ama-endorphin, kanye ne-serotonin . Yilokhu okudala 'i-nicotine buzz.' Isebenza njengokushintsha okwenza uzizwe ukhululekile, ujabule, noma ushukunyisiwe okwesikhashana - konke lokhu kungakapheli imizuzwana embalwa kusukela ekuphefumuleni kwakho kokuqala.
Ukubhekana nokuhoxa…
Isibindi sakho siguqula i-nicotine, futhi ngokuvamile uyikhipha ngomchamo wakho emahoreni ambalwa ngemva kokubhema ugwayi wakho wokugcina. Uma 'umsindo' usuphelile, umzimba wakho ufisa okwengeziwe, okukukhuthaza ukuthi uthathe omunye ugwayi. Uma ungakwenzi lokho, cishe uzoba nezimpawu zokuhoxa, okuhlanganisa ukungahlaliseki, ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, ukucasuka, intukuthelo, kanye nokungalali . Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba wakho uba nokubekezelelana, okusho ukuthi udinga i-nicotine eyengeziwe ukuze ufinyelele lowo muzwa ofanayo, ekugcineni okuholela ekuthembeleni kwi-nicotine .
Uma ukhulelwe, ingane yakho nayo iyathinteka…
Ukubhema kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi e-placenta kanye ne-umbilical cord inciphe, okunciphisa ukutholakala kwegazi enganeni yakho . Leli gazi liqukethe i-carbon monoxide, i-nicotine, namanye amakhemikhali ayingozi. Ngenxa yalokho, ingane yakho ingase ingatholi umoya-mpilo owanele, futhi i-DNA yayo ekhulayo ingonakala. Abesifazane abakhulelwe ababhemayo babhekene nengozi enkulu yokuphuphuma kwesisu . Izingane ezizalwa ngabantu ababhemayo zivame ukuba sengozini yokuzalwa zinesisindo esiphansi, izinkinga zenhliziyo namaphaphu, kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhula .
Iyini imiphumela yokubhema empilweni?
Nakuba abantu abaningi behlobanisa ukubhema nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kuphela, iqiniso liwukuthi kungathinta cishe zonke izingxenye zomzimba wakho, kwandisa ingozi yezifo eziningi ezingathi sína .
Ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yesifo samaphaphu, isifo senhliziyo, isifo samehlo, isifo sikashukela, isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza.
Ingabe amaphaphu akho angalulama ngemva kokuyeka ukubhema?
Yebo, uma uyeka ukubhema, amaphaphu akho kanye nemigudu yomoya ingaqala ukuphola. Phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuyeka, ukuvuvukala kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-mucus kuyancipha, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, i-cilia yakho (izakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele emigudwini yakho yomoya) ziqala ukukhula kabusha. Nakuba umonakalo othile (njenge-COPD) ungase ube unomphela, umzimba wakho uqala inqubo ebalulekile yokululama, futhi ingozi yakho yezifo eziningi ezisongela ukuphila yehla kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngingayeka kanjani ukubhema?
Kunezindlela eziningi eziqinisekisiwe zokukusiza uyeke ukubhema. Kungathatha ukuzama namaphutha ukuthola indlela esebenza kahle kuwe.
| Indlela | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Turkey Ebandayo | Ukuyeka konke ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kwezinsiza. Lokhu kungaba nzima ngenxa yezimpawu ezibukhali zokuhoxa. |
| Ukwelashwa Kokufaka I-Nicotine (NRT) | Ukusebenzisa ushuni, ama-patches, noma ama-lozenges ukulawula ukunxanela i-nicotine. |
| Imithi kadokotela | Imithi efana ne-bupropion noma i-varenicline ingasiza ekuphatheni izimpawu zokuhoxa ngempumelelo. |
| Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila | Ukuhlanganisa ukuvivinya umzimba, ukushintsha imikhuba, kanye nokwelulekwa kochwepheshe kungasiza ekuqedeni umkhuba. |
Umcabango Wokugcina Ngawe…
Ngaphandle kwamathuluzi awusizo okukusiza ukuthi uyeke ukubhema, kuyasiza kakhulu ukukhumbula izinzuzo zesikhathi eside ozothola. Uzokwazi ukuthola kabusha izinto ozithandayo owake wazithanda, uthole umuzwa wakho ogcwele wokunambitha nokuhogela, uvikele impilo yabathandekayo bakho, futhi cishe wonge imali eningi. Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nabangani bakho, umndeni, kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo ukuze bakusekele - ubazise ngoshintsho oluhle olwenzayo nokuthi bangakusekela kanjani kangcono ngalesi sikhathi. Khumbula, njengoba iNirogi Lanka iseceleni kwakho, akudingeki uthathe lolu hambo wedwa.
