Wake waba nomphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu, umkhuhlane ongapheli isikhathi eside, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke waba ne -mononucleosis , eyaziwa nangokuthi " isifo sokuqabulana ." Kungase kuzwakale kungavamile, kodwa akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ake sixoxe ngakho ngamazwi alula namuhla.
Kuyini i-Mononucleosis?
Kalula nje, i-Mononucleosis yisifo esithathelwanayo. Ngokuvamile ibangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-Epstein-Barr virus ( EBV ). Libizwa ngokuthi "iSifo Sokuqabulana" ngoba igciwane lidluliselwa kalula ngamathe. Lingasakazeka ngokuqabulana, kanye nokwabelana ngezingilazi zokuphuza , izinkomishi, kanye nezitsha.
Nakuba sithelelana, asithelelani njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Futhi, i-mononucleosis ngokuvamile ayisona isifo esibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezinkinga futhi kungaba yingozi. Uma uthola lesi sifo, ungase ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile amasonto amaningana.
Yini ebangela i-mononucleosis?
Esikhathini esiningi, okungukuthi, cishe u-90% wesikhathi, imbangela yalesi sifo yigciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) esixoxe ngalo ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi amanye amagciwane angabangela lezi zimpawu. Isibonelo:
- I-Cytomegalovirus `(CMV)` (lokhu futhi kungokomndeni wegciwane le-herpes)
- I-Hepatitis A, B, noma C
- I-HIV (igciwane elibangela ingculazi)
- I-Rubella (igciwane elibangela isimungumungwane)
Abantu abaningi ezweni lethu batheleleka ngegciwane le-EBV besebancane. Kodwa akubona bonke abathola i-mononucleosis. Ungalithwala leli gciwane impilo yakho yonke ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Eqinisweni, lapho uneminyaka engu-40, abantu abadala abangu-85%-90% basuke sebenaleli gciwane emizimbeni yabo.
Okubalulekile: Nakuba igciwane le-EBV lingelomndeni wegciwane le-herpes, lihluke ngokuphelele kugciwane elibangela i-herpes yobulili noma i-herpes yomlomo. Ngakho-ke ungalisabi ngokungadingekile.
Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, igciwane le-EBV lidluliselwa kakhulu ngamathe. Yingakho kuthiwa ukuqabulana kungasakaza lesi sifo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungadluliselwa ngezinto ezifana nokuphuza enkomishini efanayo noma ukudla ekhephini elifanayo nomuntu onegciwane. Uma nje isipuni noma ifoloko lomuntu onegciwane limanzi, igciwane lingahlala lisebenza.
Ingadluliselwa futhi ngegazi nesidoda , okusho ukuthi kunethuba elincane kakhulu lokudluliselwa ngokumpontshelwa igazi, ukufakelwa izitho zomzimba, kanye nokuxhumana ngokocansi.
Ingabe i-mononucleosis iyisifo esithathelwana ngocansi (STD)?
Igciwane elibangela lokhu lingasakazeka ngoketshezi lomzimba, ngakho-ke ngokwesayensi lingadluliselwa ngocansi. Kodwa-ke, livame ukusabalala ngamathe, hhayi ngemisebenzi yocansi.
Lesi sifo sithelelana isikhathi esingakanani?
Uma usuthelelekile ngegciwane , ungasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu. Kungathatha inyanga noma ezimbili ukuthi izimpawu zibonakale. Ngokuqinisekile uyathelelana ngenkathi unezimpawu. Odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi ungasabalalisa igciwane kwabanye izinyanga eziningana ngemva kokuba izimpawu zakho seziphelile.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-mononucleosis?
Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nalesi sifo ngaphandle kwezimpawu bese belulama. Ngokuvamile, intsha ibhekana nezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu.
| Izimpawu ezivamile | Izimpawu ezingavamile |
|---|---|
| - Umkhuhlane omkhulu - Ukukhathala - Umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu - Ukuvuvukala kwentamo, amakhwapha kanye nemisipha. - Ubuhlungu bemisipha - Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla - Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba | - Ukukhwehlela - Ubuhlungu besifuba - Ubunzima bokuphefumula - Ikhanda elibuhlungu - Ukopha ekhaleni - Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo - Ukuqina kwentamo - Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba (i-Jaundice) |
Iningi labantu lizizwa lingcono phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamane , kodwa ukukhathala kungahlala amasonto amaningana, mhlawumbe kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Udokotela wakho angase asole i-mononucleosis ngokulalela izimpawu zakho nokuhlola umzimba wakho. Udokotela uzohlola ngqo amathonsi avuvukile, ama-lymph node avuvukile entanyeni yakho, kanye nesibindi noma uqweqwe oluvuvukile.
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kuhlola izinhlobo nenani lamaseli amhlophe egazini lakho. I-Mononucleosis ingabangela ukwanda kohlobo oluthile lwamaseli amhlophe egazini.
- Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi umzimba wakho uwenze yini ama-antibodies ngokumelene negciwane le-EBV.
Ungadidanisi i-mono ne-strep throat.
I-Mononucleosis kanye ne-Strep throat zombili zinezimpawu ezivamile njengomphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, kanye nezindlala ezivuvukele. Kodwa-ke, i-Mononucleosis ibangelwa yigciwane, kanti i-Strep throat ibangelwa yibhaktheriya. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhluke ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi, zombili lezi zifo zingenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yisiphi isifo onayo.
Izinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa yalesi sifo
Nakuba ngokuvamile kungesiyo ingozi, i-mononucleosis ayivamile ukubangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
- Amathonsili avuvukele: Lawa angakhula futhi avale indlela yokuphefumula, okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya nokuphefumula.
- Ukwanda kwe-spleen: Lena yinkinga eyingozi kakhulu. I-spleen iyisitho esitholakala ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesobunxele lwesisu sethu. Ingakhula futhi iqhume ngokuzumayo.
- Izinkinga zesibindi: Kungase kube ne-hepatitis noma i-jaundice.
- Izinkinga zegazi: Kungase kube nezimo ezinjengokubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi (i-hemolytic anemia) noma ukwehla kwama-platelet egazi (i-thrombocytopenia).
- Izinkinga zenhliziyo: Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-myocarditis) noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kungenzeka.
- Izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa: Izimo ezingathi sína kakhulu njengokuquleka, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho (i-encephalitis), noma i-meningitis zingaba khona.
- Phumula ngokwanele: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ufuna ukunika umzimba wakho amandla okulwa negciwane.
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Phuza izinto eziningi njengamanzi, isobho, kanye nojusi wezithelo.
- Ama-Painkiller: Ungathatha umuthi ofana ne-paracetamol womkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Hlanza ngamanzi anosawoti: Ncibilikisa ithisipuni likasawoti engilazini yamanzi afudumele bese uhlanza lawo manzi ukuze unciphise umphimbo obuhlungu.
- Imithi ye-Corticosteroid: Uma ukuvuvukala komphimbo kukhulu, udokotela angase akunikeze lo muthi ukuze awunciphise.
- Ukuphumula kokuqala: Phumula ngangokunokwenzeka. Gwema ukuya esikoleni noma emsebenzini kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho ziphela.
- Gwema umsebenzi onzima kanye nemidlalo: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Kufanele ugweme imidlalo kanye nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo cishe inyanga yonke ngemuva kokuba izimpawu zakho seziphelile, njengoba le misebenzi yandisa ingozi yokuqhuma kwe-spleen evuvukele.
- Gwema utshwala: I-Mononucleosis ingathinta isibindi. Ukuphuza utshwala phakathi nalesi sikhathi kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu wesibindi.
- I-Mononucleosis isifo esivame ukuba sincane esibangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-EBV.
- Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwalokhu ukuphumula ngokwanele.
- Gwema ezemidlalo nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo ngesikhathi sokululama kanye nenyanga eyodwa ngemva kwalokho. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuvikela ubende lwakho.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu engxenyeni engenhla kwesobunxele yesisu sakho ngokuzumayo, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
- Uma unezimpawu ze-mononucleosis, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye neseluleko.
Uma ngokuzumayo uba nobuhlungu obukhulu, obubukhali ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesobunxele lwesisu sakho, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Kungaba ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen. Esimweni esinjalo, kufanele uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha . Kungadingeka uhlinzwe.
Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS noma eminye imithi basengozini enkulu yokuthola lezi zinkinga.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Akukho muthi othize wokubulala igciwane le-EBV elibangela i-mononucleosis. Ama-antibiotic awasebenzi ngokumelene namagciwane. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhloselwe ukulawula izimpawu nokusiza umzimba ukuba ululame.
Indlela yokuphatha lesi sifo?
Kuthatha isikhathi esithile ukululama ngokuphelele kwi-mononucleosis, futhi kubalulekile ukunakekela umzimba wakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Kuzothatha isikhathi ukubuyela empilweni yakho evamile. Cela iseluleko kudokotela wakho ngesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokwenza kanjalo.
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