Ingabe ingane yakho encane ayithandi ukudlala noma ukuhlangana nabanye abantwana? Ingabe isiphuzile kancane ekukhulumeni okufanele iminyaka yayo? Noma ingabe iqhubeka nokudlala uhlobo olufanayo lomdlalo? Kuvamile ukuthi abanye abazali bazizwe besaba futhi bekhathazekile uma bebona izinto ezinjengalezi. Namuhla sizokhuluma nge-autism, isimo esingabonisa lezi zimpawu futhi okwamanje kukhulunywa ngaso kakhulu emphakathini.
Kuyini ngempela i-autism?
Kalula nje, i-autism akuyona isifo noma ukugula kwengqondo. Kuwushintsho endleleni ubuchopho bengane obukhula futhi busebenza ngayo. Ngokwezokwelapha lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Igama elithi 'spectrum' libaluleke kakhulu lapha. Cabanga ngothingo. Njengoba nje uthingo lunemibala ehlukene, amakhono nezinselele zezingane ezine-autism zihlukile kakhulu komunye nomunye. Nakuba ezinye izingane zingadinga ukwesekwa okuncane kuphela, ezinye zingadinga ukwesekwa okukhulu kubantu abadala ekuphileni kwazo kwansuku zonke.
Lesi simo sivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni, ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-3. Ngezinye izikhathi, izimpawu zokuqala zingabonakala kusenezinyanga ezingu-12. Lesi simo sithinta kakhulu izindawo ezintathu:
- Ukuxhumana Komphakathi : Indlela yokwakha ubudlelwano nabanye.
- Ukuxhumana: Indlela yokukhuluma nokushintshana ngemibono.
- Ukuziphatha: Indlela abaziphatha ngayo nendlela ababona ngayo umhlaba.
Kungani izingane eziningi ezine-autism zitholakala zine-autism kulezi zinsuku?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona emaphephandabeni noma kwi-inthanethi ukuthi "inani lezingane ezine-autism liyakhula." Uma ubheka idatha ekhishwe yizinhlangano zezempilo zomhlaba njenge-CDC e-United States, ungabona ukuthi iphesenti lezingane ezitholakale zine-autism liyakhula kancane kancane. Isibonelo, ngo-2008, ingane eyodwa kwezingu-88 yatholakala ine-autism, kanti ngo-2020, ingane eyodwa kwezingu-36 yatholakala ine-autism.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki ngalezi zibalo. Ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kwanda akukhona ukuthi i-autism empeleni 'iyanda', kodwa kunalokho ukuthi ukuqwashisa phakathi kwabazali, othisha, nodokotela kuyakhula.
Esikhathini esidlule, izingane ezaziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile futhi ezingakhulumi zazibizwa ngokuthi “ziyiziphukuphuku” noma “zinenkani kakhulu.” Kodwa manje sesiyazi ukuthi lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba izimpawu ze-autism. Futhi uma ingane inokukhubazeka kokukhula, manje kunezindlela ezinhle zokuhlola ukuze itholakale kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, okwenzekayo ngempela ukuthi izingane ezazingakahlolwa ngaphambilini manje sezitholakala ngendlela efanele.
Yiziphi ezinye izici ezivamile ze-autism?
Khumbula, ingane ngayinye ihlukile. Ukuthi nje ingane yakho inesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi ine-autism. Kodwa uma ubona eziningana zalezi zimpawu njalo, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha .
| Isigaba lapho izici zingabonakala khona | Izibonelo ezivamile ongazibona |
|---|---|
| Ubudlelwano bomphakathi kanye nokuxhumana |
|
| Ukuziphatha Okuphindaphindayo | |
| Izinkinga Zezinzwa |
Ingabe lesi simo sibathinta kakhulu abafana?
Yebo, ngokusho kwedatha, i-autism itholakala cishe kane kubafana kunamantombazane. Kodwa-ke, muva nje, ukuxilongwa kukhule nakwamantombazane. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi izici zamantombazane zihlukile kancane, kungaphuthelwa.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma unemibuzo ngengane yakho?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi, kodwa ukufuna iseluleko emithonjeni efanele. Ungakholwa yikho konke okufundayo ku-inthanethi. Uma unokungabaza noma imibuzo mayelana nokukhula noma ukuziphatha kwengane yakho, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza yile:
1. Khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho.
2. Bheka Udokotela Wezingane Ongumeluleki.
Udokotela uzohlola ingane yakho, alalele ngokucophelela lokho okubonayo, futhi, uma kudingeka, akudlulisele kwabanye ochwepheshe (isib., umelaphi wezinkulumo, umelaphi wezomsebenzi) abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ekukhuleni nasekuziphatheni kwengane.
Khumbula, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokungenelela kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekusaseni lengane. Ukuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa kanye nokwelashwa ingane yakho ekudingayo isencane kungasiza kakhulu ekuyisizeni ithuthukise amakhono ayo futhi ibhekane nezinselele.
Izinselele ezingase zivele njengoba ingane ikhula
Njengoba izingane ezine-autism zifinyelela ebusheni, zingase zibhekane nezinselele ezintsha. Zingase zibe nobunzima bokwenza abangane, ukugcina ubudlelwano, nokuqonda ukuziphatha okulindelekile komphakathi esikoleni noma emsebenzini.
Futhi, kunezimo lapho i-autism ihambisana nezinye izimo ezifana nokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka , kanye nesifo sokungakwazi ukunaka/ukungasebenzi kahle (ADHD) . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka impilo yengqondo yengane nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kudingeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) akuyona isifo, iwushintsho ekukhuleni nasekusebenzeni kobuchopho.
- Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwanda kwamuva nje kokutholakala kwe-autism kungenxa yokwanda kolwazi phakathi komphakathi nodokotela ngalesi sifo, kunokuba kube ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo.
- Yonke ingane ene-autism ihlukile. Amakhono ayo kanye nezinselele zayo zihlukile komunye nomunye.
- Uma unenkinga ngokuziphatha noma ukukhula kwengane yakho, ungesabi futhi funa iseluleko kudokotela wezingane.
- Ngokubabona kusenesikhathi nokunikeza ingane ukwesekwa ekudingayo, ingasizwa ukuba iphile impilo ephumelelayo nejabulisayo.
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