Wake wathatha umbiko wegazi, wabheka izinhlamvu nezinombolo ezikuwo, wacabanga, 'Kuyini lokhu?' CBC, WBC, RBC, MCH... Iningi lala magama asiwajwayele, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi sivele sesabe uma siwabona. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngenani elilodwa elinjalo, okungukuthi, inani le-MCH. Ake sibone ukuthi lisho ukuthini nje, nokuthi lithini ngomzimba wethu uma ukhula noma uncipha.
Ake siqale sibone, iyini i-MCH?
I-MCH isifinyezo samagama esiNgisi athi 'Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin'. Ngamazwi alula, lokhu kulinganisa
ukuthi ingakanani i-hemoglobin esegazini lakho elibomvu . Manje ungase uzibuze, 'Iyini le-hemoglobin?' I-Hemoglobin iyiprotheni ekhethekile etholakala emaseli ethu abomvu egazi ethwala umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba. Ukuze kube sobala, le-hemoglobin 'iyisevisi yokulethwa' eletha umoya-mpilo esiwuthatha emaphashini ethu uye kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke inani le-MCH liyinani elimaphakathi lokuthi ingakanani imithwalo (i-hemoglobin ethwala umoya-mpilo) esezimotweni (amaseli egazi abomvu) zale nsizakalo yokulethwa. Ngokuvamile, uzothola ngaleli nani le-MCH uma wenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi
i-CBC (Complete Blood Count) . Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuvamile kakhulu. Udokotela usebenzisa leli nani ukusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi unesifo sokudla okunempilo, inkinga yesibindi, noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
Isingeniso esifushane sokuhlolwa kwe-CBC (Complete Blood Count)
Lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kungakunikeza ulwazi mayelana nezingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile zegazi lakho. Ngokuyinhloko:
- Amaseli Egazi Abomvu : Lawa ngamaseli athwala umoya-mpilo esisanda kukhuluma ngawo.
- Amaseli Amhlophe Egazi: Njengebutho lemizimba yethu elilwa nezifo.
- I-Hemoglobin : Umthwali we-oxygen kumaseli abomvu egazi.
- Ama-Platelet: Amaseli asiza ukujiya kwegazi uma kukhona ukulimala.
Udokotela wakho angase akucele lokhu kuhlolwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwakho kwaminyaka yonke, noma uma usola isimo sezokwelapha ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho (isib. ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka). Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Lithunyelwa elebhu ukuze lihlolwe futhi libikwe.
Kufanele kube yini inani le-MCH elijwayelekile?
Iyunithi yokulinganisa ye-MCH yi
Ama-Picogram (ama-picogram noma ama-pg). Ngokuvamile, leli nani lomuntu omdala onempilo kanye nengane liphakathi kwama -pg angu-27 nama-pg angu-31 . Kumntwana osanda kuzalwa, lokhu kuphakeme kancane, okungukuthi, kungaba kusuka kuma-pg angu-32 kuya kuma-pg angu-34 . Kodwa khumbula, la manani angahluka kancane kusuka kwelebhu kuya kwelebhu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwaqhathanisa 'neNormal Range' embikweni wakho.
Kuthiwani uma inani le-MCH liphansi?
Inani eliphansi le-MCH lisho ukuthi amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi anenani eliphansi kunejwayelekile le-hemoglobin. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi abonakale 'ephaphathekile' noma 'engacacile'. Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ayini nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu. | Isizathu senani eliphansi le-MCH | Izimpawu ezingabonakala |
|---|
| I-anemia iyimbangela evame kakhulu. Ibangelwa ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi aphilile okuhambisa umoya-mpilo emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuntuleka kwensimbi, i-vitamin B12, noma i-folate. | |
| I-Hemoglobinopathy yizifo ezizuzwe njengefa ezibangelwa ukukhubazeka esimweni se-molecule ye-hemoglobin noma enqubweni yokukhiqizwa kwayo. Izibonelo: I-Thalassemia kanye neSickle Cell Disease. | Ku-thalassemia: izimpawu ze-anemia, ukuvuvukala kwesisu, umchamo omnyama. Kusifo se-sickle cell: izimpawu ze-anemia, umchamo omnyama, ukuphuzi kwamehlo, ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ezandleni nasezinyaweni, kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu ngezikhathi ezithile emzimbeni. |
Ingabe inani le-MCH lingakhuphuka?
Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi inani le-MCH lingaba phezulu kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaseli akho abomvu egazi makhulu kunokujwayelekile. Lesi simo ngokwezokwelapha sibizwa ngokuthi i-Macrocytosis . Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akusikho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezokwelapha. Izizathu zokwenyuka kwenani le-MCH:
- Ukuntuleka kwe -Vitamin B12 noma i-Folate: Ungamangali, lapho lezi zakhi zomzimba ziphansi, kungenzeka i-anemia (i-MCH enciphile), kanye namaseli abomvu egazi akhulisiwe (i-MCH ekhuphukile). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Macrocytic Anemia.
- Ezinye izifo zesibindi: Izinkinga ezithile ngokusebenza kwesibindi zingabangela amazinga e-MCH akhuphuke.
- Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile isikhathi eside nakho kuyimbangela yalokhu.
- I-Hypothyroidism: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba ukhiqiza ama-hormone e-thyroid amancane.
- Lo mehluko ungabangelwa nayimithi ethile: imithi efana ne-chemotherapy, amanye ama-antibiotic, kanye nemithi yokulwa namagciwane.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezihlobene negazi.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi amazinga aphezulu e-MCH awabangeli zimpawu ezithile. Kodwa-ke, isifo esibangela lokhu singase sibangele izimpawu. Isibonelo, uma une-Hypothyroidism, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukukhuluphala, ukungazweli ezandleni zakho naseminweni, kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha. Uma unesifo sesibindi, ungase ube nobuhlungu besisu esingaphezulu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, kanye nokuphuzi kwamehlo. Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-MCH iyinani elilodwa nje embikweni wakho wegazi. Inikeza umbono ojwayelekile wenani le-hemoglobin emangqamuzaneni akho abomvu egazi.
- Inani eliphansi noma eliphakeme le-MCH lingabangelwa yisimo esivamile njenge-anemia, noma ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi kakhulu esidinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe.
- Ungalokothi uzihlole ngokuhlola igazi noma useshe ulwazi ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kuzodala ukucindezeleka okungadingekile.
- Uma kukhona ushintsho enanini lakho le-MCH noma kunoma yiliphi elinye inani, udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza iseluleko esingcono kakhulu nesinembile kakhulu. Uzokwenza izivivinyo ezengeziwe, uma kudingeka, ukuthola imbangela eqondile, futhi akunikeze ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
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