Namuhla sikhuluma ngento ongeke uyibone, uyihogele, noma uyinambithe, kodwa ekhona emikhiqizweni eminingi oyisebenzisa nsuku zonke, ngisho nasekudleni okudlayo. Lawa ngamakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-phthalates. Kalula nje, lawa ngamakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukuthambisa nokwenza ipulasitiki iguquguquke. Into emangazayo ukuthi nawo asekhona emizimbeni yethu. Ucwaningo olwenziwe eMelika lukhombisile ukuthi cishe wonke umuntu ezweni unezimpawu zalawa ma-phthalates emchameni wawo. Ngakho-ke, ingabe lawa ma-phthalates ayingozi ngempela empilweni yethu? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokujulile.
Ucwaningo luthini ngalokhu?
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-phthalates awahlali ezicutshini zethu zomzimba unomphela. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zithole ukuthi ukuchayeka kuwo isikhathi eside
kungathinta kabi izinhlelo eziningi zezitho zomzimba wethu, impilo yokuzala, kanye nokukhula kwengane . Kokunye ukuhlola, ukuchayeka kakhulu kuma-phthalates kwaxhunyaniswa ngisho nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubantu abadala. Isibonelo, abacwaningi bahlaziye idatha evela kubantu abadala baseMelika abangaphezu kuka-5,000. Bathole ukuthi labo abanamazinga aphezulu ama-phthalates emchameni wabo abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-55 no-64 babenengozi enkulu yokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo kunalabo abanamazinga aphansi kakhulu. Babenengozi enkulu yokufa nganoma yisiphi isizathu eqenjini elinamazinga aphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, akukho ukwanda kwengozi yokufa ngenxa yomdlavuza.
Lolu cwaningo luthi kuphela ukuthi *kungase kube* nokuxhumana phakathi kwama-phthalates nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Akufakazeli ngokuphelele ukuthi lokhu kuyimbangela. Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngalokhu.
Enye into ukuthi indlela la makhemikhali asebenzisana ngayo futhi athinta ngayo imizimba yethu ayikafundwa ngokugcwele, kunokuba isebenze ngokwawo. Okusho ukuthi, akuyona nje uhlobo olulodwa lwe-phthalate, kodwa amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene emikhiqizweni nasekudleni esikusebenzisayo ahlangana ukuze athinte imizimba yethu njengenhlanganisela.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinto eziqukethe ama-phthalates?
La makhemikhali angatholakala ezintweni eziningi kunalokho ocabanga ngakho. Ake sibheke ukuthi ayini.
| Isigaba somkhiqizo | Izibonelo |
|---|
| Izimonyo nemikhiqizo yokunakekela umuntu siqu | Iphunga, i-nail polish, i-hair spray, insipho, i-shampoo, ama-moisturizer |
| Imishini yezokwelapha | Amapayipi kasawoti (amapayipi ezokwelapha) , izikhwama zamanzi |
| Izinto zasekhaya nezokwakha | Ukuqeda ngokhuni, insipho, izinti zokunamathisela, amapayipi amanzi epulasitiki, phansi kwe-vinyl, amakhethini eshawa |
| Okunye | Izinto zokugcoba, Izibulala-zinambuzane, Izinyibilikisi |
Yikuphi ukudla okune-phthalates ephezulu?
Lokhu kungangena emzimbeni ngokudla. Amazinga e-phthalate angaba phezulu kakhulu ekudleni okulandelayo.
- Ukudla okusheshayo , ukudla okuvela ezindaweni zokudlela nasemakhefini.
- Imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amaningi (isib. ushizi, ibhotela ).
- Inyama nenkukhu enamafutha amaningi.
- Amanye amafutha okupheka .
Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ama-phthalates angangena ekudleni kusuka ezitsheni zepulasitiki nasezitsheni ezisetshenziselwa ukupakisha nokulungisa ukudla.
Lokhu kungena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?
Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko ongazithola ngazo kuma-phthalates:
- Ngokudla ukudla neziphuzo ezipakishwe noma ezikhonzwa ngamapulasitiki aqukethe ama-phthalates.
- Ngokudla imikhiqizo yobisi nenyama evela ezilwaneni ezichayeke kuma-phthalates.
- Ngokumunca izimonyo, ama-shampoo, kanye nensipho esikhulume ngazo ngaphambilini emzimbeni ngesikhumba.
- Ngokuphefumula izinhlayiya zothuli ezivela phansi kwe-vinyl, izembozo zodonga, ifenisha, njll.
Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuchayeka ku:
- Abantu abasebenza embonini yokupenda, yokunyathelisa, noma yokukhiqiza ipulasitiki.
- Abantu abanesifo sezinso noma i-hemophilia . Ngenxa yokuhlanza izinsoAmapayipi e-IV nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa ezintweni ezifana nokumpontshelwa igazi zivame ukwenziwa ngama-phthalates.
Izindlela ezahlukene ama-phthalates athinta ngazo abantu
La makhemikhali awathinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Imiphumela ingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kuye ngeminyaka nobulili.
- Izingane ezingakazalwa kanye nezingane ezincane: Lezi yizona ezithinteka kakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesimiso sokuzala, ikakhulukazi kubafana, kungonakala.
- Intsha: Ingozi nayo iphakeme ngalesi sikhathi sokushintsha kwama-hormone emzimbeni. Ngezikhathi zokushintsha okukhulu emizimbeni yethu, siba nomuzwa omkhulu kula makhemikhali .
- Abesifazane asebekhulile: Abesifazane bangase babe nemiphumela emibi eminingi kunabesilisa. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba basebenzisa kakhulu imikhiqizo yokunakekela umuntu siqu.
Ngakho-ke lokhu akuphephile ngempela?
Kunzima ukunikeza impendulo elula kulokhu. Ngenxa yokuthi "ama-phthalates" awayona ikhemikhali eyodwa, awumndeni wamakhemikhali. Akuwona wonke amalungu alo mndeni aziphatha ngendlela efanayo. Amanye ama-phthalates manje asevinjelwe ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa
kumathoyizi nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala . Izibonelo zifaka: `BBP`, `DBP`, kanye `DEHP`.
- I-DBP kanye ne-DEHP kuye kwabonakala kulimaza izinhlelo zokuzala zezilwane zaselabhorethri, ikakhulukazi ezesilisa. I-DBP ingabangela ukungezwani kwesikhumba kubantu.
- I-DEHP ibonakalisiwe ukuthi ibangela umdlavuza ezilwaneni. Kulindeleke ukuthi ingozi efanayo ibekhona nakubantu, kodwa lokhu akukaqinisekiswa.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezintathu (`DiDP`, `DINP`, kanye ne`DnOP`) zivinjelwe okwesikhashana kumathoyizi izingane ezingawafaka emlonyeni wazo.
- I-DINP ibangela umdlavuza nezinkinga zokukhula ezilwaneni zaselabhorethri.
- Kutholakale ukuthi i-DnOP ihlobene nesimo se-endometriosis kwabesifazane futhi ibangela izinkinga ekukhuleni kokuzala ezilwaneni.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi amazinga amanye ama-phthalates ayingozi emizimbeni yethu manje ayancipha. Kodwa-ke, ukuchayeka kwamanye ama-phthalates asetshenziswa njengezithasiselo kuye kwanda.
Ngingazivikela kanjani?
Imizimba yethu inesimiso semvelo sokuhlanza umzimba. Kodwa-ke, into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukugwema ama-phthalates ngangokunokwenzeka. Nazi ezinye izindlela ongaqala ngazo:
- Funda amalebula omkhiqizo:Ama-phthalates awabhalwa njalo kulebula, ikakhulukazi ezimonyweni nasezintweni zokudlala zepulasitiki. Ngezinye izikhathi angafakwa ezifinyezweni ezifana nokuthi `DHEP` noma `DiBP`. Khetha imikhiqizo ebhalwe ukuthi “ayinayo i-phthalate” noma nini lapho kungenzeka.
- Qaphela lapho ufudumeza ukudla: Uma ufudumeza ukudla ku-microwave, sebenzisa kuphela izitsha "eziphephile kuma-microwave" nezingenayo i-phthalate. Gwema ukusebenzisa ipulasitiki, ikakhulukazi lapho ufudumeza ukudla okunamafutha noma okunamafutha.
- Qaphela ukuthi udlani: Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukudla ubisi nenyama kakhulu kwandisa ukuchayeka ku-phthalate. Nciphisa ukudla okusheshayo ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Buza ngezokwelapha: Uma uhlinzwa i-dialgia yezinso noma umpontshelwa igazi, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungawasebenzisa yini amadivayisi ezokwelapha angenayo i-phthalate.
Lezi yizinyathelo ezilula ongazithatha empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Ukuqaphela lezi kungenye yezinyathelo ezinkulu ongazithatha ukuze uzivikele wena nomndeni wakho. Uma unenkinga, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-phthalates amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukuthambisa ipulasitiki futhi angatholakala emikhiqizweni eminingi nasekudleni esikusebenzisayo.
- Ukuchayeka kulezi zinto isikhathi eside kungabangela izinkinga zamahomoni, izinkinga zempilo yokuzala , futhi kuthinte intuthuko yezingane.
- Izingane ezingakazalwa, izingane ezincane kanye nentsha zisengozini enkulu.
- Unganciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho ngokufunda amalebula omkhiqizo, ukhethe imikhiqizo "engenayo i-phthalate", kanye nokunciphisa ukudla okusheshayo.
- Uma unenkinga ngempilo yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Ama-phthalates, amakhemikhali, amapulasitiki, izingozi zempilo, umdlavuza, impilo yokuzala, impilo yokuvimbela
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