Ingabe unenkinga yokunaka njengomuntu omdala? Ake sixoxe nge-ADHD yabantu abadala

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzibuza ukuthi, "Kungani ngingakwazi ukugxila entweni eyodwa ngesikhathi?" Noma uthukuthela kalula, uzizwe sengathi ingqondo yakho iyazulazula, futhi uzizwe sengathi ayikho endaweni eyodwa? Uma ube nalezi zinkinga kusukela ebuntwaneni futhi usalwa nazo nanamuhla, ungase uhlushwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD yabantu abadala ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Lokhu akusikho okufanele ube namahloni ngakho. Yisimo sezokwelapha esithinta indlela ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo . Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula nangokuningiliziwe.

Iyini ngempela i-ADHD yabantu abadala?

Kalula nje, i-ADHD yabantu abadala (i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) yisimo lapho ubuchopho bakho bunenkinga yokunaka into eyodwa. Lokhu kungaholela ekubeni nomdlandla kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi uma umuntu omdala ene-ADHD, kumele ukuthi ibikhona kusukela ebuntwaneni. Abanye abantu batholakala benayo besebancane. Kodwa abanye bathola ukuthi banayo kuphela lapho sebekhulile. Akuwona wonke umuntu owayene-ADHD eseyingane ozoyidlula lapho esekhulile. Abantu abaningi bayaqhubeka nokuba nalesi simo.

Ziyini izimpawu zomuntu one-ADHD?

Akuwona wonke umuntu one-ADHD ofanayo. Izimpawu zakho zingahluka kusukela kwezincane kuya kwezinzima kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi zingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho, kanti ngezinye izikhathi zingase zingabi njalo kangako. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe khona ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma zingase zenzeke ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela.

Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze ubone ukuthi lezi zinto zivamile yini kuwe.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-ADHD?

Yebo, i-ADHD ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko.

1. I-ADHD yokunganaki: Laba bantu banenkinga yokunaka kakhulu. Kubonakala sengathi bayalahleka emaphusheni asemini, balahle izinto, futhi bavame ukulahlekelwa izinto. Lokhu kwakubizwa ngokuthi i-ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder).

2. I-ADHD Esebenza Kakhulu/Engenasisusa: Laba bantu babonakala kakhulu ngokungakwazi ukuthula nokungacabangi. Bahlala bengahlaliseki, banenkinga yokuhlala endaweni eyodwa, bakhuluma kakhulu, futhi baphazamisa abanye lapho bekhuluma.

3. I-ADH D ehlanganisiwe: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Laba bantu banenhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili ezishiwo ngenhla.

Iyini imbangela yangempela ye-ADHD?

Ososayensi abakaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-ADHD. Kodwa ucwaningo lukhombisile ngokusobala ukuthi iyisifo sofuzo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma othile emndenini wakho (abazali, izingane zakini) ene-ADHD, nawe unamathuba amaningi okuba nayo.

Futhi, kukhona umehluko othile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kobuchopho babantu abane-ADHD. Ubuchopho babo buthatha isikhathi eside ukuvuthwa ngokugcwele. Amakhemikhali athwala imiyalezo phakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho (ama-neurotransmitter) nawo asebenza ngendlela ehlukile.

Ungazi kanjani ukuthi une-ADHD?

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okutholakalayo ukuthola i-ADHD. Uma usola ukuthi unalesi simo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela wezifo zengqondo onolwazi nge-ADHD.

Udokotela wakho angenza lezi zinto:

• Bazoncoma ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini esinye isizathu esibonakalayo sezimpawu zakho.
• Kungase kunconywe ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuthile.
• Kubhekisela ekuhlolweni kwengqondo ukuze uqonde isimo sakho sengqondo.
• Uzobuzwa imibuzo eminingi mayelana nobuntwana bakho. Njengoba i-ADHD ingaveli ngokuzumayo kubantu abadala, kubalulekile ukwazi ngezimpawu ezazikhona kusukela ebuntwaneni.
• Cela ukubona ikhadi lakho lombiko wesikole (bheka ukuthi kukhona yini amanothi avela kothisha mayelana namamaki aphansi, ukuntuleka kokugxila, kanye nokuziphatha okungalungile naphezu kokusebenza kahle).
• Khuluma nabazali bakho bese ubuza ngokuziphatha kwakho njengomntwana.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-ADHD?

I-ADHD ivame ukuphathwa kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela yokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanela wena, oluhlanganisa imithi, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha, kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila.

1. Imithi

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi ye-ADHD.

• Izikhuthazi: Lezi yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Le mithi ilinganisela amakhemikhali asebuchosheni alawula ukunaka kanye nemizwa. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka phakathi i-'Methylphenidate (Ritalin)' kanye ne-'Amphetamine'. Le mithi iyasebenza kakhulu.
• Ama-Non-stimulants: Lolu hlobo lomuthi lunikezwa abanye abantu abangasabeli ezikhuthazweni noma abanemiphumela emibi eminingi kakhulu. I-`Atomoxetine (Strattera)` ingenye yemithi enjalo.

Okubalulekile: Le mithi kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela. Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo noma eminye imithi oyiphuzayo.

2. Ukwelashwa

Njengemithi, ukwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphatheni i-ADHD.

• Ukwelashwa Kokuqonda Nokuziphatha (CBT): Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ubone futhi ushintshe amaphethini akho okucabanga, uthuthukise amakhono akho okubhekana nesimo, futhi uthuthukise ukuziphatha kwakho. Kungakusiza futhi ukuthi wakhe ukuzethemba.
• Ukulawula Ukucindezeleka: Prakthiza amasu ahlukahlukene (isib. ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula) ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka okubangelwa yi-ADHD.
• Ukuqeqeshwa Kwempilo: Ukusebenza nochwepheshe ukukusiza ukuthi uzibekele imigomo, wenze impilo yakho ibe lula, futhi uhleleke.

Izindlela ezilula zokusiza uma uphila ne-ADHD

Ngaphezu kokwelashwa, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza wena ukuze wenze impilo yakho yansuku zonke ibe lula.

• Hlela isimiso sakho: Yenza uhlu lwezinto okufanele uzenze ngaphambi kokuba uqale usuku lwakho. Hlukanisa imisebenzi emikhulu ibe mincane. Sebenzisa uhlelo lwansuku zonke noma uhlelo lokusebenza lokukhumbuza efonini yakho.
• Nciphisa iziphazamiso: Uma usebenza, beka izinto ezifana ne-TV nefoni eceleni. Uma kungenzeka, sebenza endaweni ethule.
• Thola amandla engeziwe: Uma unenkinga yokuhlala endaweni eyodwa, vivinya umzimba imizuzu engama-20-30 ngosuku. Hamba, gijima, dlala umdlalo owuthandayo. Lokhu kuzothulisa ingqondo yakho futhi kuthuthukise ukugxila kwakho.
• Linda isikhashana ngaphambi kokwenza izinqumo ngokuphazima kweso: Uma uthukuthela futhi uzizwa sengathi ufuna ukusho/ukwenza okuthile ngokushesha, phefumula kancane bese ubala ufike ku-10. Esikhathini esiningi, lokho kuphuthuma kuzophela.
• Jwayela ukuthi "cha": Ukuba ne-ADHD kungakwenza uzizwe sengathi uthatha okungaphezu kwamandla akho. Lokhu kungakufaka ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke qonda imikhawulo yakho futhi ungesabi ukuthi "cha" ezintweni ongenakukwazi ukuzenza.
• Cela usizo: Uma ukuthola kunzima ukwenza konke lokhu wedwa, cela usizo emndenini, kubangani, noma kudokotela wakho. Akulona uphawu lobuthakathaka.

I-ADHD akuyona iphutha lakho noma iphutha. Kumane kuwushintsho endleleni ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo. Ngokuxilonga kahle, ukwelashwa, kanye nokuphathwa, ungaphila impilo ephumelelayo nejabulisayo njenganoma ubani omunye.