Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuqonda ezinye zezindlela zokuziphatha zezingane zethu, akunjalo? Abanye abantwana bayavala izindlebe ngisho noma ngabe bashaywa kanzima kangakanani, bakhale isikhathi eside noma ngabe bashaywa kanzima. Kodwa kunezinye izingane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziwela kanzima kangakanani, zivuka sengathi azinandaba, futhi azilaleli ngisho noma ubani ekhuluma. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla ngokwehluka kwendlela ezisabela ngayo emizweni. Ngokukhethekile, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyposensitivity, noma i-decresed sensation.
Abantu abaningi badidanisa amagama athi hyposensitivity kanye ne-hypersensitivity. Zombili ziyizinkinga ngendlela ubuchopho bethu obucubungula ngayo imizwa, okuyizinhlobo ezimbili ze-Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD). Kalula nje, i-hypersensitivity yilapho umuntu ezwa imizwa ngendlela exakile . Isibonelo, ukukhanya okuvamile kungenza amehlo akho abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma iphunga elincane lingakunika ikhanda elibuhlungu. I-Hyposensitivity iphambene nalokho. Kulapho umuntu ezwa imizwa emincane kakhulu noma engazwakali nhlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akazizwa izinto ezifana nokushisa, ukubanda, noma ubuhlungu ngendlela efanayo nabanye.
Kuyini ukuxhumana phakathi kokungabi nomuzwa wokuzwela kanye ne-autism?
Lezi zinkinga zezinzwa zivame kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abane-autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Bangase babhekane nezinguquko endleleni ababona ngayo izinto ezifana nokubona, ukuhogela, umsindo, ukuthinta, ukunambitha, ibhalansi, isikhundla somzimba, ngisho nezimpawu zomzimba zangaphakathi njengendlala nokugula. Abantu abaningi abane-autism banenhlanganisela yokuzwela ngokweqile kanye nokungazweli kulezi zinzwa.
Isibonelo, ezinye izingane ezine-autism azikwazi ukubekezelela ukukhanya okukhanyayo, njengezibani ze-fluorescent. Ngaleso sikhathi, zivala amehlo azo bese zizama ukuzibalekela. Lesi yisibonelo sokungezwani komzimba.
Kodwa ingane enesifo sokungezwani komzimba ihlukile. Ngenxa yokuthi ayinazo izinzwa, ihlala ihlola. Isibonelo, ihlala ithinta izinto ngezandla zayo, igijimisa izandla zayo odongeni, futhi ifaka amathoyizi emlonyeni wayo. Akukhona lokho kuphela, ingase ingakwazi ukuqonda izinto ezifana nendlala noma ukugula. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi ingase ingakutsheli ukuthi igula nini, ngoba ayizizwa ubuhlungu.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu one-hyposensitivity one-autism (ASD). Futhi akuwona wonke umuntu one-autism onalesi simo ngezinga elibi kakhulu. Singenzeka futhi njengesimo esihlukile, esizimele.
Nakuba imbangela eqondile yalokhu ingakaziwa okwamanje, odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi kungase kube nethonya lezakhi zofuzo. Ngakho-ke, ayikho indlela eqondile yokuvimbela lesi simo. Okungcono kakhulu esingakwenza ukuqaphela izimpawu bese sihlinzeka ingane ngokusekelwa nokwelashwa okudingekayo.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko zokungabi nomuzwa wokuzwela?
Singazihlukanisa lezi zimpawu zibe yizigaba eziningana eziyinhloko. Ungesabi uma uzibona. Ukuthi nje ingane yakho inesinye noma ezimbili zalezi akusho ukuthi inalesi simo. Kodwa uma ubona eziningana zalezi zimpawu zilandelana, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
| Uhlobo lokuzwa | Izici ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| I-Auditory Ngokuphathelene nezinto ezizwiwe |
|
| I-Olfactory Ngokuphathelene nephunga | |
| Okubonakalayo Ngokuphathelene nezinto ezibonakalayo | |
| Ibhalansi (i-Vestibular) Ngokuphathelene nokuhamba komzimba kanye nokulinganisela | |
| Ezinye izici ezivamile |
Yikuphi ukwelashwa nosizo olutholakalayo kulokhu?
Kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukusiza ingane noma umuntu omdala onalesi simo. Esikhundleni sokuzama "ukusilungisa", kubaluleke kakhulu ukubasiza babhekane nomhlaba kalula.
Izinto esingazenza ekhaya:
- Ukuhlinzeka ngezinsiza-kubona: Ukusebenzisa izithombe, amashadi, njll. ukuchaza imisebenzi yosuku.
- Amathoyizi anezinzwa: Nikeza izinto ezifana namathoyizi aguquguqukayo, amabhola anezindawo ezahlukene.
- Ukudala indawo ephephile: Hlela ifenisha ekhaya futhi unikeze ingane indawo yokuhambahamba ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kokukhubeka noma ukuwa.
- Ukunikeza amathuba okunyakaza njalo: Esikhundleni sokutshelwa ukuthi bahlale endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside, okubavumela ukuba bavuke bahambe noma bagxume isikhashana.
- Ukunikeza ukudla okunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokunambitheka, amaphunga, kanye nokuthungwa: Lokhu kusiza ekuhlinzekeni ukukhuthazwa okudingekayo ohlelweni lwabo lwezinzwa.
- Ukusebenzisa izingubo zokulala ezinesisindo noma izingubo: Ukucindezela okukhulu okunikezwa yilokhu kungabasiza ukuthi behlise umoya kakhulu.
Ukwelashwa emsebenzini:
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokwamukelwa kabanzi kwalokhu yi- Sensory Integration Therapy . Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa yi-occupational therapist, noma i-occupational therapist .
Lokhu kwelashwa kuhilela ukusiza ingane ukulawula uhlelo lwayo lwezinzwa ngemisebenzi eyahlukahlukene ekamelweni eliklanywe ngokukhethekile (ijimu yezinzwa). La makamelo anemishini eminingi efana nama-trampoline, amabhola, ama-swing, kanye nezingubo ezinesisindo. Njengoba ingane idlala ngalezi zinto, ubuchopho bayo buqeqeshwa ukuqaphela imizwa ngendlela efanele.
Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubonisana nodokotela ofanelekayo. Udokotela uzoyithumela kudokotela wezokwelapha uma kudingeka.
Ukuphila Nokungazweli Kahle
Ngokuvamile, ingane ifunda ukulawula lezi zimo ngezinga elithile njengoba ikhula. Izindlela namasu afundwa ku-Occupational Therapy azoba usizo kukho konke ukuphila kwayo.
Ukucindezeleka nakho kungabhebhethekisa lezi zinkinga zezinzwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile kubantu abadala, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala, ukuthi balawule ukucindezeleka kwabo.
Khumbula, lokhu akusikho ukuphikelela kwengane noma ukuziphatha okubi. Lokhu kuwushintsho ohlelweni lwayo lwezinzwa. Ngakho-ke, kungumthwalo wethu sonke ukubaphatha ngothando, ngesineke, nangokuqonda okufanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukungezwani komzimba kuyindlela ephansi yokusabela emizweni. Lokhu kuhlukile ekuzweleni komzimba ngokweqile, okuyisimo lapho umzimba uzwela kakhulu emizweni.
- Lokhu kungahlotshaniswa ne-autism spectrum disorder (ASD), kodwa lokhu akuhlali kunjalo. Kungabuye kwenzeke njengesimo esizimele.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokungasabeli ebuhlungwini nasekushisa, isidingo esiqhubekayo sokunyakaza, nokubonakala ungalaleli ngisho noma ubizwa ngegama.
- Qonda ukuthi lokhu akuyona inkinga ngokuziphatha kwengane, kodwa ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwesimiso sezinzwa.
- Uma unokungabaza ngengane yakho, ungalibali bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho (udokotela) . Uzokunikeza isiqondiso esifanele.
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