Wake wazibuza ukuthi ukudla esikudlayo kuphenduka kanjani amandla, kwenzekani ngempela emizimbeni yethu lapho siphefumula, noma uhlobo luni lwempi oluba khona ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu lapho sigula? I-physiology, noma isayensi yokusebenza komzimba , isayensi ephendula yonke le mibuzo futhi isifundisa ukuthi lo mshini omangalisayo obizwa ngokuthi umzimba wethu usebenza kanjani.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Physiology?
Kalula nje, i-physiology yinsimu yesayensi esisiza siqonde ukuthi imizimba yethu isebenza kanjani, kokubili lapho siphilile nalapho sigula. Kufana ne-chemistry kanye ne -physics yemizimba yethu. Ihlanganisa konke kusukela ezingeni elincane kakhulu lezinhlayiya kuya endleleni izinhlelo zezitho ezisebenza ngayo ndawonye.
Lolu lwazi lusisiza siqonde ukuthi umzimba usebenza kanjani uma uphilile nokuthi yini ehamba kabi uma ugula. Ucwaningo oluningi lwe-physiology lwenzeka emalabhorethri. Ngenkathi abanye ososayensi befunda iphrotheni eyodwa noma iseli, abanye bahlola ukuthi amaseli ahlangana kanjani ukuze akhe izicubu, izitho zomzimba, kanye nezinhlelo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Anatomy ne-Physiology?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Cabanga ngakho, i-Anatomy iwukufunda ngezingxenye, noma isakhiwo, somzimba wethu. Kufana nokufunda ngenjini, amathayi, kanye neminyango yemoto.
I-physiology iwucwaningo lokuthi lezo zingxenye zisebenza kanjani . Okungukuthi, injini yemoto iqala kanjani, amathayi ajikeleza kanjani, nokuthi amabhuleki asebenza kanjani.
Kwezokwelapha, i -X-ray noma i-ultrasound scan isibonisa ukwakheka komzimba wakho. Okungukuthi, izithombe zezinto ezifana namathambo nemisipha. Kodwa ukuze afunde nge-physiology yomzimba wakho, okungukuthi, indlela osebenza ngayo, udokotela usebenzisa izinto ezifana nokuhlolwa komchamo , ukuhlolwa kwegazi , noma ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG .
Kwenzekani emzimbeni uma kuvela isifo (i-Pathophysiology)
I-Pathophysiology igatsha le-physiology elifunda ukuthi izinguquko emsebenzini womzimba zenzeka kanjani ngenxa yesifo noma ukulimala. Okusho ukuthi, lifunda okwenzekayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni lapho kuvela isifo.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- Ukuluma lapho ulunywe umiyane: Cabanga ngokuklwebha indawo lapho ulunywe umiyane, akunjalo? Isizathu salokhu ukuthi kukhona ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi `(Histamine)` ematheni omiyane. Uma lokhu kubopha eziphethweni zemizwa esikhumbeni sethu, leyo mizwa ithumela isignali ebuchosheni ethi "klwebha lapha". Uyibonile inqubo yesayensi ngemuva kwale nto encane?
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo : Uma umuntu enomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki, inhliziyo yakhe kufanele isebenze kanzima kunokujwayelekile ukuze ipompe igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kucindezeleka kungenza imisipha yenhliziyo ibe buthaka futhi yenze ingakwazi ukusebenza kahle.
- Ukwehluleka Kwezinso: Izinso zethu zifana nezihlungi ezimbili. Zihlunga ukungcola kanye noketshezi oluthe xaxa egazini bese zikukhipha njengomchamo. Kodwa lapho izinso ziyeka ukusebenza, lobu buthi buqala ukuqongelela emzimbeni esikhundleni sokukhishwa. Lokhu kuholela esimweni esibi esibizwa ngokuthi "isifo sezinso sokugcina isigaba"
- Isifo Sikashukela: Kwezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela, ama-pancreas ethu ayayeka ukukhiqiza i-hormone i-insulin edingwa yimizimba yethu. Ngaphandle kwe-insulin, ushukela ekudleni esikudlayo unqwabelana egazini esikhundleni sokusetshenziselwa amandla. Lokhu kungalimaza ezinye izitho ezibalulekile, njengenhliziyo nezinso.
I-Pathophysiology isisiza ukuqonda izinqubo ezibangela lezi zifo eziningi.
Izinhlelo eziyinhloko zomzimba wethu kanye ne-physiology
I-physiology isenza sikwazi ukufunda cishe ngazo zonke izinqubo emzimbeni. Odokotela basebenzisa lolu lwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngezifo zethu.
| Uhlelo lomzimba (Uhlelo) | Umsebenzi olula |
|---|---|
| Uhlelo lwenhliziyo | Igazi ligeleza enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi. |
| Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Ukugaya ukudla kanye nokumuncwa kwezakhamzimba. |
| Uhlelo lwe-endocrine | Ukulawulwa kwemisebenzi yomzimba ngokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone. |
| Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela | Ukulwa namagciwane nezifo. |
| Uhlelo lwemisipha | Ukusiza umzimba ukuthi unyakaze. |
| Uhlelo lwezinzwa | Ukushintshana kwemiyalezo ngobuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nemizwa. |
| Uhlelo lwezinso | Izinso zilawula uketshezi kanye nokungcola komzimba. |
| Uhlelo lokuzala | Izitho zobulili zokuzala. |
| Uhlelo lokuphefumula | Ukuphefumula ngamaphaphu kanye nemigudu yomoya. |
| Uhlelo lwamathambo | Amathambo namalunga anikeza umzimba ukuma nokusekela. |
Ibhalansi yomzimba (i-Homeostasis)
Omunye wemibono ebaluleke kakhulu esingayiqonda ku-physiology yi -homeostasis . Kalula nje, lokhu kuwumzamo omangalisayo owenziwa yimizimba yethu ukuze ilondoloze isimo esizinzile sokulinganisela ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo yangaphakathi , ngenxa yezinguquko endaweni yangaphandle.
Cabanga ngakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siselangeni noma sibanda, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu lihlala lisezingeni elifanayo (cishe ama-37°C). Futhi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sidla uhlobo luni lokudla, imizimba yethu ihlala izama ukugcina izinto ezifana namazinga ethu kashukela nosawoti egazini ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile. Leyo nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Homeostasis". Uma lokhu konakala, siba nezifo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-physiology yisayensi esifundisa ukuthi imizimba yethu kanye nezinhlelo zayo zezitho zisebenza kanjani. Kufana nencwadi yemiyalelo yomzimba yokuthi "isebenza kanjani".
- I-Anatomy isifundo sezingxenye zomzimba (isakhiwo), kanti i-physiology isifundo sendlela lezo zingxenye ezisebenza ngayo (umsebenzi).
- I-physiology isisiza siqonde ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, kokubili lapho iphilile nalapho igula.
- Udokotela wakho usebenzisa lolu lwazi lwe-physiology kabanzi ukuze axilonge futhi elaphe izifo.
- Ukuqaphela le nqubo emangalisayo eyenzeka emizimbeni yethu kusisiza ukuba sinakekele impilo yethu kangcono.
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