Uma udokotela ekunikeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ikakhulukazi i-Full Blood Count (FBC), umbiko owutholayo ugcwele amagama, izinhlamvu, nezinombolo, akunjalo? Kumelwe ukuthi ubonile ukuthi kukhona inani elibizwa nge-HCT kanye ne-Hb, i-WBC, i-PLT. Abantu abaningi abanalo ulwazi oluningi ngokuthi iyini le HCT, kwenzekani uma iphansi kakhulu noma iphezulu kakhulu, nokuthi isho ukuthini. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kalula, ngolimi lwethu, nge-Hematocrit, noma inani le-HCT.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, luyini lolu vivinyo lwe-Hematocrit (HCT)?
Kalula nje, ukuhlolwa kwe-Hematocrit (HCT) ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa
iphesenti lamaseli abomvu egazini lakho. Cabanga ngegazi lethu njengengxube yoketshezi. Ingxenye yoketshezi yale ngxube ibizwa ngokuthi i-plasma. Yakhiwe ngamaprotheni, usawoti, namanzi. Ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yegazi lethu iyi-plasma. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli antanta kuleyo plasma.
- Ama-Platelet : Lezi yizicucu ezincane ezisiza ekwakheni amahlule egazi ukuze kumiswe ukopha lapho silimala.
- Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi: Lawa afana nonogada bomzimba wethu. Ingxenye yesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela, lawa maseli alwa nabahlaseli ababangela izifo.
- Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu: Lawa amangqamuzana amaningi kakhulu egazini lethu. Aqukethe iphrotheni ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin . Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuthatha umoya-mpilo emaphashini bese uwusabalalisa emzimbeni wonke, nokubuyisela i-carbon dioxide ekhiqizwa emzimbeni emaphashini.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-hematocrit (HCT) kulinganisa ngqo ukuthi yiliphi iphesenti lenani legazi lakho eliphelele elakhiwa amaseli akho abomvu egazi nokuthi ngabe lingaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi athole izimo ezifana ne-anemia, okuyinani eliphansi lamaseli abomvu egazi, kanye ne-polycythemia, okuwukwanda kwamaseli abomvu egazi.
Iyini ibanga elijwayelekile lamanani e-HCT?
Amanani e-HCT angahluka kancane kumuntu nomuntu. Leli nani lingahluka kuye ngezici ezifana neminyaka yakho nobulili. Kodwa ngokuvamile, amanani ajwayelekile alandelayo:
| Ngobani? | Inani elimaphakathi le-HCT (njengephesenti) |
|---|
| Kwabesilisa nalabo ababelwe abesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa | 38.3% kuya ku-48.6% |
| Kwabesifazane kanye nalabo ababelwe abesifazane ngesikhathi sokuzalwa | 35.5% kuya ku-44.9% |
Khumbula, lawa ngamanani ajwayelekile nje. "Ububanzi obujwayelekile" obunikezwa ngamanani embikweni wakho webhulebhu bungase buhluke kancane. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza incazelo engcono kakhulu.
Kuthiwani uma inani le-HCT lehla? - Ingabe lokho kusho i-anemia?
Yebo, i-HCT ephansi kunejwayelekile ivame ukuba uphawu
lwe-anemia . Kalula nje, i-anemia ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-anemia.
- I-anemia yokuntuleka kwe -iron : Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. I-iron ibalulekile ukuze umnkantsha wethu wamathambo wakhe amangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Uma i-iron iphansi, ayikwazi ukukhiqiza i-hemoglobin eyanele. Lesi simo sivamile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nakubantu abalahlekelwe yigazi eliningi.
- I-Aplastic anemia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umongo wethambo ungakhiqizi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele. Lokhu kungabangelwa izifo ezithile, imithi, kanye nokuchayeka ebuthi .
- I-Hemolytic anemia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba ubhubhisa amangqamuzana abomvu amadala ngokushesha kunokuba ungenza amasha. Lokhu kungaba yisimo sokuzalwa noma kungavela kamuva ngenxa yomdlavuza othile, izifo, amagciwane, noma izinkinga zesistimu yomzimba.
- I-Sickle cell anemia: Lesi yisifo sofuzo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Kulesi simo, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aba nesimo esifana nesikela esikhundleni sesimo sawo esijwayelekile esiyindilinga. Lokhu kuwenza angakwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo kahle.
- I-anemia yokuntuleka kwamavithamini: Amavithamini afana ne -vitamin B12 kanye ne-folate (B9) abalulekile emizimbeni yethu ukuze sakhe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo. Ukuntuleka kwalawa kungaholela ekuntulekeni kwegazi.
Izimpawu ezivamile ze-anemia
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|
| Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo | Ukukhathala kubangelwa ukungatholi umoya-mpilo owudingayo emzimbeni. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula/ukuphefumula okufushane | Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Kungabangelwa ukungatholi umoya-mpilo owanele ebuchosheni. |
| Isikhumba esikhanyayo noma esiphuzi | Ngenxa yokwehla kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, okuyiwona abangela umbala obomvu wegazi. |
| Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo | Ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi kuya emaphethelweni omzimba. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile/okusheshayo | Inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ibuyisele amazinga aphansi e-oxygen. |
Kuthiwani uma inani le-HCT likhuphuka? - Ake sixoxe nge-Polycythemia
Inani le-HCT eliphakeme kunejwayelekile lingaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi
i-polycythemia . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba unamaseli egazi abomvu amaningi kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi igazi
"lijiye." Lapho igazi liqina, linciphisa ukuhamba kwalo emithanjeni yegazi, okungalimaza izitho zomzimba. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-polycythemia:
- I-Primary polycythemia: Lokhu kubangelwa inkinga ngamaseli asemongweni wamathambo enza amaseli abomvu egazi. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa izinguquko zofuzo.
- I-Secondary polycythemia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho esinye isimo sempilo noma isici sendawo esizungezile sinciphisa inani lomoya-mpilo ofinyelela ezicutshini zomzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu engeziwe ukuze abuyisele.Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokubhema , ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme, noma isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso .
Izimpawu ezivamile ze-polycythemia
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nesiyezi
- Umbono ofiphele
- Ukuphefumula kanzima nokukhathala
- Izinkinga zokopha, njengokuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni noma ukuphuka kalula kwesikhumba
- Ukudideka
Ukuhlolwa kwe-HCT kwenziwa kanjani?
Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kakhulu, okuvamile. Uma uya elabhorethri, umhlengikazi uzothatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho esebenzisa isirinji. Bese kuthi, elabhorethri, leli sampula legazi lifakwe emshinini okhethekile obizwa ngokuthi i-centrifuge ejikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu. Njengoba lijikeleza, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi asindayo acwila phansi kwepayipi lokuhlola, bese i-plasma elula ikhuphukela phezulu. Ukuphakama kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi azinzile phansi kuyalinganiswa bese kubalwa iphesenti levolumu yegazi eliphelele elimele. Lelo inani le-HCT.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hematocrit (HCT) iyinani elilula, kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu embikweni wakho wokubala igazi eliphelele (i-FBC). Ikutshela ngokuhlushwa kwamaseli abomvu egazini lakho.
- Ungakhathazeki uma inani lakho le-HCT liphezulu noma liphansi kancane kunezinga elijwayelekile. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nezinguquko ezincane kuye ngezinto ezifana nendawo esihlala kuyo kanye nokudla esikudlayo.
- Inani eliphansi le-HCT livame ukukhombisa i-anemia, kanti inani eliphakeme lingase libonise i-polycythemia.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nezindinganiso ezisembikweni wakho, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho . Ungazihluleli ngokuba nesimo sempilo ngokusekelwe kulokho okufunda ku-inthanethi noma okuzwa kwabanye. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza iseluleko esingcono kakhulu kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa.
I-Hematocrit, i-HCT, Inani Eligcwele Legazi, i-FBC, i-Anemia, i-Polycythemia, Amaseli Egazi Abomvu, Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi
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