He rerekētanga paku anō hoki tō takirere o tō ngākau? Me kōrero tātou mō te Takirere Aorta Bicuspid!

Kua whakaarohia e koe ngā kēti iti i roto i tō ngākau? Kāore pea tātou e whakaaro ki te hiranga o ēnei i roto i ō tātou oranga o ia rā. Engari, i ētahi wā ka tae mai tātou ki tēnei ao me ngā huringa iti i roto i ēnei kēti iti, arā, ngā takirere o te ngākau. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi āhuatanga ngākau motuhake. Ko te mate takirere aortic bicuspid tēnei. Kaua e wehi, ko te mea nui ko te mōhio ki tēnei.

He aha tēnei takirere aorta bicuspid? He māmā noa iho...

Whakaarohia tō ngākau he papu wai. Ka pupuhihia e tēnei papu te toto ma, he toto whai hāora puta noa i tō tinana. He kuaha tino nui kei reira e rere ai te toto mai i te ngākau ki te oko toto nui rawa atu o te tinana, te aorta. Ka kiia tēnei kuaha ko te takirere aorta .

I te nuinga o te wā, i roto i te tangata hauora, e toru ngā wāhanga o te takirere aorta, arā, he whāriki, pērā i ngā rau e toru i runga i te tatau. Ka tuwhera, ka kati tika ēnei whāriki e toru kia rere ai te toto i te taha kotahi – mai i te ngākau ki te aorta. Mā ēnei whāriki ka kore e hoki te toto ki roto i te ngākau.

Heoi, ko te tangata he `Bicuspid Aortic Valve` ōna, e rua ngā cusps i roto i te `Aortic Valve`. Ko te tikanga o ``Bi'' he ``rua'', ā, ko te tikanga o ``cuspid'' he ``pepa iti''. Nō reira, i ahu mai te ingoa i te meka e rua ngā cusps. He mate ``whanau'' tēnei, arā, kei te whānau mai anō.

Whakaarohia, he aha te mea ka tupu mēnā e rua ngā rau o te tatau, kaua e toru? Tērā pea kāore te tatau e tuwhera tika, kāore rānei e kati tika. Koinei te mea ka tupu ki tēnei takirere.

• Ki te kore e tuwhera tika te takirere: Ka uaua te rere o te toto ki mua, arā, ki roto i te aorta. Ka kiia tēnei ko te 'Aortic Stenosis' , ko tōna tikanga he whaiti te takirere.
• Ki te kore te takirere e kati tika: Ka turuturu te toto ki roto i te ngākau mai i te aorta. Ka kiia tēnei ko te aortic regurgitation , arā, ka turuturu te toto mā roto i te takirere.

Kua roa pea koe e pāngia ana e tēnei 'Aortic Stenosis', 'Aortic Regurgitation' rānei, ā, kāore pea koe e mōhio ana mō tēnei. Kāore pea koe e whakaatu i tētahi tohu. Nā te mea kei te mahi pai tō 'Aortic Valve' i tana mahi. Heoi, kāore i te rite te whai huatanga ki tētahi takirere e toru ngā rau.

I roto i te wā, ka kaha ake te mahi a tō ngākau i tēnei takirere rua-ira. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā raruraru nui.Tērā pea ka tupu. Ahakoa he uaua ki te whakaae ki tēnei pono, mā te ako mō tēnei āhuatanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ake ki tēnei āhuatanga.

He aha te kino o te whai i te takirere aorta bicuspid?

Ehara i te mea ka pāngia te katoa e te mate takirere aorta bicuspid e ngā raruraru. Heoi, tata ki te kotahi i roto i te toru o ngā tāngata ka pāngia e ngā raruraru. I ētahi wā ka tino kino ēnei, ā, ka mate pea . Koia te take me haere tonu ngā whakamātautau hauora me te aroturuki i te hunga kua kitea he mate takirere aorta bicuspid.

E pāngia ana te 1% me te 2% o te taupori whānui e tēnei mate. E rua ngā wā ka nui ake te kitea o tēnei mate i roto i ngā tāne i ngā wāhine. Ko te hunga whai mate Turner syndrome he nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i tēnei momo mate ngākau , inā koa ko te ruaki rua.

He maha ngā wā, kāore pea koe e kite i ngā tohu tae noa ki te tino kino o te mate, tae noa ki te puta mai o tētahi āhuatanga ohorere hauora. Heoi, ka taea e ngā whakamātautau whakaahua te kite i ngā huringa ngawari i mua i tō kitenga i ngā tohu. Ā, mā ngā whanaketanga o te maimoatanga ka taea e koe te āwhina i a koe kia roa ake te ora, kia ora hauora hoki .

He aha ngā tohu o tēnei mate?

E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, tērā pea kāore he tohu o tō ngākau. Tērā pea ka ora koe mō ngā tau maha, kāore koe e mōhio kei roto i tō ngākau tēnei huringa iti. Engari i roto i te wā, ka tīmata te puta o ngā tohu nā te 'Aortic Regurgitation', nā te 'Aortic Stenosis' rānei.

Ngā tamariki nohinohi me ngā pēpi:

Mena he takirere aorta bicuspid tō pēpi, i ētahi wā kino, ka puta pea ngā tohu i muri tata i te whānautanga. Engari i te nuinga o te wā, kāore ēnei tohu e puta tae noa ki muri.

• Kiri mā , kikorangi rānei (Cyanosis)
• Te kore e pai ki te kai, ngā raruraru taumaha

Ngā tohu i roto i ngā pakeke:

• Te ngenge (koinei te tohu tino kitea)
• Te mamae o te uma, te kore whakamarie rānei
• Pōuriuri , ngoikore rānei
• Ngā tere o te ngakau
• Te uaua ki te manawa , inā koa i te wā e mahi ana

He tokomaha te hunga ka kitea he takirere aorta bicuspid i muri i te whakamātautau hauora. Nā te mea ka ngāwari te ngaro i ngā tohu. Tērā pea ka kite tō whānau, ō hoa rānei i te rerekētanga i roto i a koe i mua i a koe.

Whakaarohia te nui o te mahi ka taea e koe te mahi i roto i te rā noa. Whakatauritea ki te nui o te mahi i mahia e koe i te tau kua pahure, i ngā marama e ono rānei kua pahure. E tere ana koe ki te ngenge ināianei? Me nui ake te wā e hiahia ana koe ki te okioki? Mēnā koinā, tera pea kei te kaha ake te mahi a tō ngākau ki te whakaoti i te mahi.

Koia te mea nui kia mau tonu ki ngā wā i whakaritea e tō tākuta . Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā huringa katoa e kitea ana e koe i roto i tō oranga o ia rā.

He aha ngā take o te takirere aorta bicuspid?

Kāore anō kia kitea e ngā kairangahau te tino take o te takirere aorta bicuspid. Heoi, koinei te mate ngākau whānau tino noa . Ka puta i te tīmatanga o te hapūtanga .

He mea tēnei nō ngā whakatipuranga?

Te āhua nei he mea pea, engari kāore anō kia tino mārama ngā kairangahau ki ngā taipitopito.

Ka taea te horapa te takirere aorta bicuspid i roto i ngā whānau. Mena kei te pāngia tētahi whanaunga tata (matua, tamaiti, tungāne/tuahine) e tēnei mate ngakau, kōrero ki tō tākuta. Tērā pea ka tūtohu rātou i ētahi whakamātautau hei tirotiro i te hanganga me te mahi a tō ngakau .

Mena he takirere aorta bicuspid tōu, ā, kei te whakaaro koe kia hapu, kōrero ki tō tākuta. Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai i tēnei āhuatanga, ka taea e koe te aroturuki i tō haputanga me te ngana ki te kite wawe i ngā raruraru .

He aha ngā raruraru o tēnei āhuatanga?

Ki te kore e rongoatia, ka arahi pea te Mate Rīpene Aorta Bicuspid ki ngā raruraru nui. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Te ngoikore o te ngākau: Mēnā he uaua te aorta, arā, ka whaiti te takirere, me kaha te mahi a te ngākau ki te pupuhi toto. Ka matotoru te ruma pupuhi matua o te ngākau, te ventricle maui, ka nui haere. Kāore e taea e ia te pupuhi toto tika. I roto i te wā, ka arahi pea tēnei ki te ngoikore o te ngākau. Ka taea te whakatere i tēnei tukanga mēnā he take mōrearea kē atu, pērā i te momi hikareti me te cholesterol teitei.
• Te Pakaru o te Aneurysm Aorta me te Wetewete o te Aorta:Tata ki te kotahi i roto i te toru o ngā tāngata he takirere aorta bicuspid, tera pea he aorta kua whānui, kua nui rānei, kei runga ake i te takirere. I te rahi haere o te aorta, ka ngaro te kaha o ōna pakitara, ka huri te āhua. I te mutunga, ka arahi pea tēnei ki te aneurysm aortic, he pupuhi rite ki te poihau i roto i te pakitara o te aorta. Mena ka tino nui tēnei aneurysm, ka pakaru, ka haehae rānei i te pakitara (aortic dissection) . He āhuatanga ohorere ēnei e morearea ana ki te ora .

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te takirere aorta bicuspid?

I ētahi wā, ka taea e te tākuta te tātaritanga i te mate i te wā o te tirotiro i te manawa o te ngākau i te wā e hapu ana. I ētahi wā anō, ka kitea te takirere aorta bicuspid i te wā e whakahaerehia ana ngā whakamātautau ina pāngia te pēpi e ngā tohu nā tētahi atu mate ngākau.

Heoi, he maha ngā tāngata e noho ana mō ngā tau maha kāore i te mōhio kei a rātou tēnei mate. Ko te tohu tuatahi pea he haruru ngākau , he tangi rerekē i roto i te ngākau ka rangona e tō tākuta me te stethoscope. Kātahi ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta he whakamātautau whakaahua hei tirotiro i te hanganga me te mahi a te ngākau.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana hei tautuhi i tēnei?

Tērā pea ka tirohia e tō tākuta tō ngākau, ka mahi i ēnei whakamātautau hei tirotiro mēnā he takirere aorta bicuspid tōu:

• Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo) : Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te kite i ngā whakaahua ora o te ngākau.
• Ngā matawai CT (matawai Tomography Rorohiko) : Ka tangohia ngā whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga o te ngākau.
• `MRI Manawa` (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume) : Ka taea hoki e tēnei te tiki whakaahua taipitopito o te manawa.

Tērā pea ka tukuna koe e rātou mō te whakamātautau ira .

Me pēhea te rongoā mō te takirere aorta bicuspid?

Ka taea e ngā rongoā pēnei i ngā beta-blockers me ngā diuretics te āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu. Engari kāore e taea e rātou te whakaora katoa i te mate . Tata ki te whā o roto i te rima o ngā tāngata e pāngia ana e te Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease ka hiahia ki te pokanga hei rongoā. Ka whakatikahia e tō taote tō aortic valve, ka whakaurua rānei he valve hou . Tērā pea ka whakatikahia e rātou ētahi atu raruraru, pēnei i te aneurysm, i te wā o te pokanga kotahi.

Ka arotakehia e tō tākuta tō āhua, ka whakahaerehia ētahi whakamātautau, ā, ka kōrero tahi me koe mō ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga e wātea ana ki a koe. Ka whakawhirinaki te maimoatanga ka whiwhi koe ki te āhua o tō takirere aortic me te aorta. Ka whakaarohia hoki e rātou te hauora whānui o tō ngākau, tō tau, me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora.

Ko te mea nui ko te pokanga wawe tonu, i mua i te pakaru tuturu o te ngākau. Ahakoa kāore he tohu, ka hiahia pea tō tākuta ki te rongoā i te raruraru ināianei hei ārai i ngā raruraru ā muri ake nei. He rerekē te wā pai mō ia tangata, mō ia tangata. Ka kōrerohia e tō tīma hauora ō kōwhiringa ki a koe.

Kua pai ake ngā putanga me te whakaiti i ngā raruraru nā te hangarau hou. He tokomaha ngā tāngata ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tikanga iti rawa te whakaekenga hei utu mō te pokanga ngākau tuwhera tuku iho.

Te rerekētanga i waenga i te pokanga takirere aorta tuku iho me te pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga

• Te pokanga tuku iho (tuwhera te ngākau) mō te takirere aorta: Ko te tikanga tēnei he tapahi i waenganui o te uma, i te taha o te sternum, 6-8 inihi te roa. Ka wehea e te taote pokanga te sternum kia rua hei uru tika atu ki te ngākau.
• Pokanga takirere aorta iti rawa te whakaekenga: Ko te tikanga he tapahi iti, he āhua "J" te roa, tata ki te 2-4 inihi. Ka taea te tapahi i tēnei tapahi ki te tihi o te uma, ki waenganui rānei i ngā rara. Kāore e hiahiatia te pokanga ki te whakatuwhera i te uma katoa. Mā tēnei tikanga ka whakaitihia te toto, ka tere ake te noho ki te hōhipera, ā, ka poto ake pea te wā whakaora.

Te Whakatika i te Takirere Aorta, te Whakakapinga rānei i te Takirere Aorta?

• Te Whakatikatika i te Takirere Aorta: He tikanga tēnei e whakatika ana i tō takirere me te kore e whakakapi. He kōwhiringa pai tēnei mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te regurgitation aortic (te turuturu toto mai i te takirere). Heoi, kāore e taea te rongoā i te stenosis aortic (te whaiti o te takirere). He maha ngā wā ka taea e ngā taote pokanga te mahi i tēnei tikanga iti rawa te whakaekenga mā te tapahi "J". Ka hurihia e te taote pokanga ngā rau o tō takirere aorta hei āwhina i a rātou ki te whakatuwhera me te kati tika.

• Te Whakakapinga o te Takirere Aorta: Ko te tango i tō takirere kāore e taea te whakatika, ka whakakapi ki tētahi mea hou. Ka taea e ngā taote pokanga te whakakapi i tō takirere mā te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho, mā te tikanga iti rawa te whakaekenga e kiia nei ko te Whakakapinga Takirere Aorta Transcatheter (TAVR) .

Ko te takirere hou ka whakauruhia ki a koe he 'takirere koiora' he 'takirere miihini' rānei.

• `Taupā koiora`:E 80% o te wā ka whakamahia e ngā taote pokanga tēnei momo takirere. He mea hanga tēnei takirere mai i te kiko o te poaka, o te kau rānei. He haumaru, ā, he roa te wā e mau ana. Heoi, i muri i te 10 tau pea, me mahi anō pea koe i tētahi atu pokanga hei whakakapi i te takirere.
• Takirere Ā-ringa: He tino pakari tēnei takirere hangai, ā, ka roa pea mō tō oranga katoa. Heoi, kia pai ai tana mahi, me tango e koe ngā rongoā whakaheke toto mō te toenga o tō oranga .

He tokomaha te hunga e pai ake ana ki te whakamahi i te takirere koiora nā te mea kāore e hiahiatia kia tangohia he rongoā whakaiti toto. Engari kei tō tau, kei ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora, me ngā manakohanga whaiaro. Ka kōrero tō tākuta ki a koe mō ēnei kōwhiringa, ā, ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau ko tēhea te mea pai mōu.

Ko tētahi atu kōwhiringa mō te whakakapinga takirere ko te tikanga Ross (e mōhiotia ana ko te tikanga whakawhiti) . Kei roto i tēnei ko te tango i tō takirere pūkahukahu ka whakakapi ki tō takirere aorta. He kōwhiringa pai pea tēnei mēnā kei raro iho koe i te 50 tau te pakeke, ā, e hiahia ana koe ki te karo i te tango i ngā rongoā whakangawari toto mō te wā roa.

Ngā raruraru o te maimoatanga

I te nuinga o te wā, he iti te mōrearea o ngā raruraru mai i te pokanga takirere. Heoi anō, ko ētahi o ngā mōrearea ka pā mai ko:

• Ngā mate urutā
• Te toto
• Ngā toto totoka
• Whiu
• Te whakaekenga o te ngakau
• Ngā rerekētanga o te pā o te ngakau `(Arrhythmia)` (wā poto)
• Te ngoikore o te mahi whatukuhu (mō te wā poto)

Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai i muri i tēnei maimoatanga?

E rua ki te toru marama pea te roa o te pokanga whakakapinga takirere aorta kia tino ora ai. E rua ki te rua marama pea te roa o te pokanga whakatika takirere aorta kia tino ora ai.

Ka taea te ārai i te takirere aorta bicuspid?

Kāore he huarahi hei ārai i te takirere aorta bicuspid. He mea whānau mai , arā, i whānau mai koe me tēnei. Heoi, ka taea e koe te whakarerekē i tō āhua noho hei whakaiti i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i ētahi atu mate ngākau, pērā i te atherosclerosis me te mate uaua coronary. Mena he takirere aorta bicuspid tōu, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga mōrearea o te mate ngākau. Kei roto i ēnei:

• Te toto toto tiketike (hypertension)
• Te cholesterol teitei `(Hyperlipidemia)`
• Mate huka
• Ngā āhuatanga o te noho pērā i te tupeka me te inu waipiro

Mena he bicuspid aortic valve tōku, he aha ngā mea ka tumanakohia e au?

Tata ki te 98% o te hunga kua pokangahia te takirere ka ora tonu, kāore he pānga ki tō rātou roanga oranga. Mena he takirere aorta bicuspid tōu, ka taea e koe te ora tonu pērā i te tangata kāore i te mate.Heoi anō, me tirotirohia tonutia koe e tō tākuta me ngā whakamātautau . Ka tirohia e tō tākuta tō takirere, ā, ka whakarite kia whiwhi koe i te maimoatanga ina hiahiatia. He mea nui te maimoatanga hei ārai i ngā raruraru.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō?

Mā te whakamahi i te takirere aorta bicuspid, ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mea maha e pai ana ki a koe. Me huri koe i ētahi momo noho hei āwhina i te pupuri i te hauora o tō ngākau me te whakaiti i te taumahatanga ki tō ngākau. Kei roto i ēnei:

• Te kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau.
• Ka tino whakaiti i te nui o te konutai (tote) e kainga ana e koe.
• Te karo i te nui rawa o te korikori tinana.

Me whakarite wā koe ki tō tākuta kia tirohia ai te mahi a tō ngākau. Mena kua pokangahia koe, ka whai wā tirotiro anō koe i muri i ngā wiki e rua, ngā marama e toru, me ngā marama e ono. Whai muri i tēnā, ka whakaritea he wā tirotiro i ia tau. He mea nui ēnei wā tirotiro hei pupuri i tō hauora, hei tirotiro hoki i ō takirere kia kitea ai ngā raruraru i mua i te kino haere.

Āhea ahau me āwangawanga mō te takirere aorta bicuspid?

Me āwangawanga koe mō te takirere aorta bicuspid ina tīmata te whakararuraru i te mahi a tō ngākau. Ka taea e te mate takirere aorta bicuspid te whakararu i te aorta me te ruaki. I roto i te wā, ka taea e ēnei raruraru te whakararu tuturu i te ngākau.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki taku tākuta?

Mā tō tākuta koe e kī atu ki te auau o tō haerenga mai ki ngā wā whakarite. Mena kua pokangahia koe, ka maha ngā mahi tirotiro i roto i te tau tuatahi, ā, kotahi i ia tau i muri i tērā.

Mena he raruraru kei roto i tō whānau mō te takirere ngākau, engari kāore anō kia tātaritatia tō mate, ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta ki tētahi tohunga ngākau . Ka taea e tō tohunga ngākau te whakamātautau i a koe mō te mate ngākau me te tuku tohutohu ki a koe.

Āhea ahau me haere ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) ?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te pakaru o te aneurysm, te tapahi rānei , waea atu ki te 911 (ki tō nama urupare ā-rohe rānei) tonu atu :

• Te mamae ohorere, koi, wero i te uma, i te tuara rānei
• He kiri piri, he werawera hoki
• Pōuriuri
• Pōuriuri
• Ngā tere o te ngakau
• Whakapairuaki me te ruaki
• Te uaua ki te manawa

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta?

Mena kua tāpaetia koe, tāu tamaiti rānei, he takirere aorta bicuspid, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō tō mate ngākau, me te mea me rongoā koe. Ko ētahi pātai hei pātai atu:

• He mea tika te pokanga?
• Ka taea e koe te tūtohu i ngā huringa āhua noho hauora mō te ngākau?
• He tohu kei te totohu, kei te whaiti rānei te aorta?
• Ka pēhea te āhua o te tukanga whakaora?
• He aha ngā tohu, ngā raruraru rānei me tūpato ahau ki te kāinga?
• He aha ngā mahi ka taea te mōrearea?
• Me pēhea taku whakaiti i te mōrearea o taku tamaiti ki te mate manawa ā muri ake nei?
• He rauemi āu hei āwhina i ahau ki te whakamārama i tēnei mate ki taku tamaiti?

He uaua te whakatau i te takirere aorta bicuspid, ā, he maha ngā pātai ka ara ake. Kia maumahara, kei konei ngā tākuta me ngā taote pokanga hei āwhina i a koe, i tāu tamaiti rānei kia noho hauora, kia kaha hoki. Mena kua kitea koe, tāu tamaiti rānei i tēnei mate i ngā wā tata nei, me whai wā koe ki te ako atu mō tēnei mate. Kōrero ki tāu tākuta, kia whiwhi ai koe i ngā mōhiohio e hiahiatia ana kia pai ake ai tō whakaaro mō te whakahaere i te mate. Kia maumahara hoki, kei a rātou te hangarau hei hopu me te rongoā wawe i ngā raruraru.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

He mate whānau mai te takirere aorta bicuspid ka taea te whakahaere. Kaua e mataku, engari kia tūpato.

Ko te mea nui ko te whai i ngā tohutohu hauora tika, te whakamātautau i te wā tika, me te noho i tētahi momo oranga hauora. Kāore koe i te mokemoke, kei reira ngā tākuta hei āwhina i a koe. Ko te tumanako kua āwhina ēnei mōhiohio i a koe kia mārama ake ai ki tēnei mate.

` Taurere ngākau rua-ira, taurere aorta, mate ngākau, ngā hapa ngākau whānau, pokanga ngākau, te whakatōtōtanga o te aorta, te ruaki o te aorta