Ngaba umntwana wakho uhlala ephazamiseka kwaye ephazamiseka? Ngaba akamphulaphuli utitshala eklasini, okanye uhlala ukhalaza ngokuba akawugqibi umsebenzi xa ewuqalile? Okanye, mhlawumbi wena, njengomntu omdala, ufumana kunzima ukuhlala ugxile kumsebenzi othile kwaye uhlala ulibale izinto? Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu ze- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , okanye i-ADHD , imeko abantu abaninzi abathetha ngayo. Oku akukokungonwabi nje okanye ubuvila, kodwa yimeko yezonyango enxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo . Masifumane okungakumbi ngale nto namhlanje.
Akukho vavanyo lunye lokuxilonga i-ADHD, yinkqubo nje!
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kukho uvavanyo olunye, njengovavanyo lwegazi, lokufumanisa i-ADHD. Kodwa akunjalo. Ukuchonga i-ADHD yinkqubo yovavanyo oluneenkcukacha eyenziwa yingcali . Kufana nokusombulula iphazili. Ugqirha uqokelela ulwazi malunga nomntwana okanye umntu omdala kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo aze ajonge konke ukuze afikelele kwisigqibo sokugqibela.
Le nkqubo idla ngokuquka oku kulandelayo:
- Udliwanondlebe nabantu abasondeleyo kumntwana, njengabazali nootitshala.
- Ukujongwa komntwana okanye umntu omdala ngugqirha ngokwakhe.
- Ukusebenzisa imibuzo ekhethekileyo okanye izikali zokulinganisa ukulinganisa iimpawu ze-ADHD.
- Uvavanyo lwengqondo nolwezonyango ukuze kuchongwe ukuba kukho ezinye iimeko zengqondo okanye zomzimba.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, kukho ezinye iimeko ezininzi ezinokubonakala ngeempawu ezifana ne-ADHD, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufumana uxilongo olufanelekileyo, kungenjalo ungafumana unyango olungalunganga.
Ugqirha uluqokelela njani ulwazi?
Ukuze ugqirha afumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo, kufuneka abe nomfanekiso ocacileyo wobomi bemihla ngemihla bomntwana okanye bomntu omdala, indlela aziphethe ngayo, kunye nendlela afunda/asebenza ngayo.
Iincoko nosapho kunye nootitshala
Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ugqirha angakubuza wena nootitshala bomntwana wakho imibuzo efana nale:
- Ngaba kukho omnye umntu kusapho lwakho one-ADHD okanye iimpawu ezifanayo? (Le meko inokubakho kwiintsapho.)
- Ngaba umntwana wakho uyasokola okanye uyagungqa xa ecelwa ukuba ahlale kwindawo enye ixesha elide?
- Xa uqala umsebenzi, ingakumbi onzima, ngaba uyema phakathi ungawugqibanga?
- Ivuselelwa lula sisandi okanye isenzo sangaphandleNgaba ingqalelo yakho iyaphuka?
- Ngaba awunamonde kwaye awukwazi kulinda ithuba lakho?
- Wayeneminyaka emingaphi umntwana wakho xa wawuqala ukuqaphela ezi ndlela zokuziphatha?
- Zeziphi iimeko apho ezi mpawu zinokubonakala khona kakhulu?
- Kuthethwa ntoni kumakhadi e-r EPO rt anikwa zizikolo?
Ukujonga indlela yokuziphatha
Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha angakunika wena notitshala idayari okanye uluhlu lokujonga ukuba umntwana wakho uza kugcina kwaye abhale phantsi indlela aziphethe ngayo kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Kulapho aza kuqwalasela khona izinto ezinje.
| Uphawu olubonisiweyo | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokunikel' ingqalelo kwimiyalelo | Nangona bebonakala ngathi bayamamela oko kuthethwayo, abakwenzi ngokwenene. |
| Ukulahleka rhoqo kwezinto | Ndisoloko ndilahlekelwa ziipensele, iirabha, iincwadi, kunye nezinto zokudlala. |
| Ukungakwazi ukuhlala kwindawo enye (Ukuzingisa/Ukuzibhokoxa) | Ndisoloko ndizishukumisa iingalo nemilenze xa ndihleli esitulweni. |
| Ukuba matasa kakhulu ngamaxesha angafanelekanga | Xa usemgceni, ubaleka uze utsibe nanini na xa ufuna ukudlala ngokuzolileyo. |
| Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza/ukuphazamisa abanye | Uphendula umbuzo ngaphambi kokuba uviwe ngokupheleleyo. |
Ezinye iimeko ezineempawu ezifanayo ne-ADHD
Ezinye iimpawu ezicingelwa ukuba yi-ADHD zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu zomzimba okanye zengqondo, ngoko ke ugqirha uya kuzijonga nazo.
- Iingxaki zomzimba: Ukungaboni kakuhle okanye ukuva kakubi, amanqanaba aphezulu etyhefu efana nelothe egazini, kunye neengxaki zehomoni ye-thyroid nazo zinokubangela ukuncipha kwengqwalasela.
- Ezinye iimeko zempilo yengqondo: Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zokuxhalaba, ukudakumba, iingxaki ze-autism spectrum, kunye neengxaki zokufunda zinokufana ne-ADHD.
- Uvavanyo lobuchopho: Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba kukho enye imeko ye-neurological ekrokrelwayo, uvavanyo lwe-EEG (Electroencephalogram), olulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo, okanye i-CT okanye i-MRI scan, ejonga ulwakhiwo lwengqondo, lunokucetyiswa. Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo alusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ngqo i-ADHD , kodwa lusetyenziselwa ukuthintela ezinye izifo.
Ziziphi iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-ADHD?
Ngokwezikhokelo ze-American Psychiatric Association, i-ADHD yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili. Ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba une-ADHD, iimpawu kufuneka zibekho ukususela ebuntwaneni kwaye zichaphazele ngokucacileyo iindawo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, njengasekhaya, esikolweni/emsebenzini.
| Uhlobo lwe-ADHD | Iimpawu eziphambili |
|---|---|
| 1. Uhlobo lokungakhathali |
|
| 2. Uhlobo lwe-Hyperactive-Impulsive | |
| 3. Uhlobo oluDibeneyo | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo, kwaye iimpawu zazo zombini ezi ntlobo (ukungakhathali kunye nokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo-ukushukuma) ziyabonakala kunye. |
Ukuchonga i-ADHD kubantu abadala
Kulandelwa inkqubo efanayo xa kuchongwa i-ADHD kubantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi mpawu zazikho ebuntwaneni . Ukuze enze oku, ugqirha angathetha neqabane lakho, abazali, okanye amanye amalungu osapho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayilokuziphatha okubi okanye ubuvila, yimeko yokwenyani yempilo enokunyangeka.
- Akukho vavanyo lunye lokuxilonga i-ADHD. Yinkqubo yovavanyo olupheleleyo oluqhutywa ngugqirha.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-ADHD, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ezinye iingxaki zomzimba okanye zengqondo.
- Emva kokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, isicwangciso sonyango esiquka amayeza, unyango lokuziphatha, okanye indibaniselwano yazo zombini inokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kwaye iphile ubomi obuphumelelayo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, nceda uthethe nogqirha wakho wosapho okanye ugqirha wabantwana.
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