Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukufumanisa kunzima ukuhlalisana nabanye abantu? Okanye ukhetha ukwenza izinto ezifanayo nokwenza izinto ngendlela efanayo? Ukususela ebuntwaneni, ngaba abanye bebekugqala njengomntu "owahlukileyo kancinci" okanye "onzima"? Usenokuba unengxaki nezi zinto nawe. Kodwa ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba unobangela wazo zonke ezi zinto unokuba yinto ongazange uyicinge, ebizwa ngokuba yi -Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
Yintoni kanye kanye i-autism?
Okokuqala, masiqonde oku. I-Autism ayisosifo okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo. Ngamafutshane, yindlela eyahlukileyo ekhula ngayo imithambo-luvo ebuchotsheni bethu. Kufana nokuba abanye abantu bade, abanye bafutshane, abanye babhala ngesandla sabo sasekunene, abanye babhala ngesandla sabo sasekhohlo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-"spectrum" kuba indlela le meko echaphazela ngayo umntu ngamnye yahlukile kakhulu. Nangona abanye abantu benokuba neempawu ezincinci kakhulu, abanye banokuba nobunzima bokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
I-Autism ichaphazela kakhulu iindawo ezimbini:
1. Unxibelelwano lwentlalo kunye nokusebenzisana: Ubunzima bunokuvela kwizinto ezifana nokuqonda iimvakalelo zabanye abantu, imbonakalo yobuso, intsingiselo yamagama, ukujongana emehlweni, kunye nokuqalisa nokugcina ubuhlobo.
2. Ukuziphatha okulinganiselweyo nokuphindaphindwayo: Iimpawu ziquka ukuphinda-phinda izinto ezifanayo, ukuxakeka kakhulu ngumsebenzi ofanayo, ukuba nomdla kakhulu kwisifundo esithile (umz., oololiwe, iidayinaso, izixhobo ze-elektroniki), kunye nokuba novakalelo olugqithisileyo okanye olungenaluvelwano kwiimvakalelo ezifana nokukhanya, isandi, kunye nokuchukumisa.
Kutheni ke ndingazange ndiyibone le nto ndisemncinci?
Lo ngumbuzo ofanelekileyo kakhulu. Kule mihla, oogqirha bayawuqwalasela lo mbuzo xa bevavanywa abantwana abancinci, abaneminyaka eli-18 okanye engama-24 ubudala. Ke ngoko, i-autism ngoku idla ngokufunyaniswa phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemine.
Kodwa imeko yayahluke kakhulu kwiminyaka engama-20-30 eyadlulayo.
- Ukungabikho kolwazi: Ngelo xesha, uluntu lwalungenalo ulwazi oluninzi malunga ne-autism. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzima bomntwana ekuhlaleni babizwa ngokungafanelekanga ngokuthi "ukuhlazeka," ukungafuni ukuba nenkani, kunye nokukhubazeka kokufunda ngokuthi "ubuyatha."
- Ukuxilongwa okungafanelekanga: Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu ze-autism zididaniswa nezinye iimeko zempilo yengqondo, ezifana ne-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) okanye i-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
- Ukugquma : Umntu, ingakumbi umntu okrelekrele kakuhle nezakhono zokufunda ezilungileyo, unokuzama ukufihla ukungakhululeki kwakhe ekuhlaleni aze axelise abanye ukuba baziphathe "ngendlela eqhelekileyo." Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'gugquma'. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba uxinezeleko olungakanani na ngaphakathi, alubonakali ngaphandle.
Ukuba ubuthule kakhulu, ungazibandakanyi nabanye, okanye ugxile kwiincwadi kuphela xa usengumntwana, abantu abadala basenokuba bebengaziqondi iingxaki zakho zangaphakathi.
Izizathu zokurhanela ukuba une-autism xa umdala
Amaxesha amaninzi, umntu omdala uqala ukuphanda oku ngesiganeko esithile. Mhlawumbi xa umntwana wakho efunyaniswa ukuba une-autism, usenokucinga xa ufunda ezo mpawu, "Owu, ndim lowo." Okanye xa usiya kubona ugqirha wengqondo ngenxa yengxaki ethile, usenokuzibona ezi mpawu.
Jonga le theyibhile ingezantsi. Ngaba nawe uziva ezi zinto?
| Ngaba uvakalelwa ngolu hlobo? (Amava akho) | Indlela echaphazela ngayo i-autism (isizathu esinokwenzeka) |
|---|---|
| Imicimbi yoluntu efana neepati zaseofisini kunye nemitshato iyadinisa kakhulu. Uza kudinwa kangangeentsuku emva kokuba ubuyile. | Kuthatha amandla amaninzi engqondo ukuqonda izimbo zomzimba zabanye abantu, iindlela zokuthetha, nokucinga ngento omawuyithethe. Oku kuyadinisa kakhulu engqondweni. |
| Ndithanda ukuhamba ngendlela efanayo xa ndisiya emsebenzini, nditye evenkileni enye, ndize ndicwangcise usuku lwam ngendlela efanayo. Ukuba kukho utshintsho olukhawulezileyo, ndiziva ndixhalabile kwaye ndixinezelekile. | Iindlela zokwenza izinto zinika ukhuseleko nokuzinza. Utshintsho olungalindelekanga lunokwenza ihlabathi lizive lingalawuleki. |
| Nokuba uthetha kangakanani ngesihloko esithile (umz. imbali, ucwangciso lwekhompyutha, isixhobo somculo), usenomdla kuso nangona abanye benokucinga ukuba "siyadinisa." | Ezi zibizwa ngokuba "zizinto ezikhethekileyo ezinomdla kuzo." Abantu abane-autism bayakwazi ukugxila nzulu kwisifundo esithile. |
| Izibane ezikhanyayo, umculo ovakala kakhulu, kunye nabantu abathetha evenkileni bafana nentloko ebuhlungu. Andikwazi ukumelana nokuva iithegi ezikwimpahla ezikhuhla emzimbeni wam. | Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-sensory overload. Xa ingqondo ingakwazi ukucubungula kakuhle iimvakalelo (izinto ezibonwayo, izandi, ukuchukumisa) ezingena kuyo, ingqondo iyadideka. |
Kulungile, ngoku ufumana njani uxilongo?
Ukuchonga isifo se-autism kumntu omdala kunzima ngakumbi kunokuchonga umntwana omncinci, kuba sele ufunde iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphila neengxaki zakho nokuzifihla.
Izinto zokwenza
1. Bona ugqirha: Into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho (GP). Angakuthumela kwingcali yezifo zengqondo okanye kwingcali yezengqondo egxile kweli candelo.
2. Uvavanyo lokuzihlola kwi-intanethi: Kukho imibuzo yokuzihlola kwi-intanethi eyenzelwe ngokukodwa abantu abadala. Ungazizama ngokwakho. Kodwa khumbula, le yodwa ayinakuba yindlela eqinisekileyo eyi-100% yokufumanisa ukuba unayo na i-autism. Nangona kunjalo, yindawo elungileyo yokuqala. Iziphumo zale mibuzo zinokukunceda uthethe nogqirha wakho.
3. Inkqubo yokuxilonga: Xa ugqirha ekuxilonga,
- Bayayibona indlela oziphatha ngayo nendlela othetha ngayo.
- Babuza imibuzo emininzi malunga nobomi bakho bangoku, umsebenzi, kunye nobudlelwane bakho.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo bubuntwana bakho. Bakubuza ngezinto ezifana nokuba wawunjani xa wawusemncinci, ukuba wawuqala nini ukuthetha, ukuba wawudlala njani, nokuba wawunabahlobo na.
- Ukuba unabazali, abantakwenu okanye nabani na owayekwazi ukususela ebuntwaneni, ugqirha usenokufuna ukuthetha nabo, kuba banokukhumbula izinto ongazaziyo.
Olu hambo lusenokungabi lula, kodwa kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukwazi inyaniso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Autism ayisiyonto ichaphazela abantwana kuphela. Ingafunyanwa naxa umntu emdala. Ukuba uvakalelwa ngaloo ndlela, awuwedwa.
- Ukungakhululeki kwakho ekuhlaleni, ukusoloko usenza izinto ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kunye nemiba yeemvakalelo ayisiyo "ingxaki" yakho. Zisenokuba yindlela eyahlukileyo esebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho.
- Inyathelo lokuqala lokufumana isifo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Musa ukuthembela kuphela kuvavanyo olukwi-intanethi.
- Ukuxilongwa kwe-autism akusiyo "ilebheli" ebekwa kuwe. Yinto ephambili ekuziqondeni, ekuqondeni amandla akho, nasekufundeni ukuphila nobunzima bakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho