Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ulwa nomhlaza webele oqhubele phambili, kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nolwazi olutsha kunye nokufunyanwa. Izazinzulu kunye noogqirha bahlala bezama ukuqonda esi sifo ngcono kwaye bafumane unyango olutsha nolusebenzayo. Ngoko makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni eli themba litsha.
Amayeza asandul' ukuvunywa
Sele kungeniswe amayeza amatsha amaninzi abonise iziphumo eziphumelelayo kakhulu kumhlaza webele ophucukileyo. Amanye ala mayeza asebenza ngokujolisa kwiiproteni ezithile ezilawula ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza.
Ngamafutshane, ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele ziphenjelelwa ziihomoni emzimbeni ukuba zikhule. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-cancer "ezine-hormone-receptor positive". Kwakhona, ezinye iiseli zomhlaza azinaproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-'HER2` kumphezulu wazo. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-'HER2` negative cancers. Ukuba unolu hlobo lomhlaza, amayeza amatsha anokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuwe.
Makhe sijonge amanye ala mayeza matsha kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lweziyobisi | Igama leziyobisi | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|---|
| Izithinteli zeCDK 4/6 | IPalbociclib (Ibrance) Abemaciclib (Verzenio) I-Ribociclib (iKisqali) | Ezi zilawula ukwahlukana nokukhula kweeseli zomhlaza. Zihlala zinikwa kunye nonyango lweehomoni. Oku kunokucothisa ukusasazeka komhlaza kangangeenyanga. |
| Unyango lwe-immunotherapy | I-Sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132) | Eli yeza lijolise kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Trop-2' kumphezulu weeseli zomhlaza. Licetyiswa ngakumbi kubantu abasele befumene ubuncinane olunye unyango olubini. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba la mayeza akulungele na, indlela yokuwafumana, kunye neziphumo zawo ezingalindelekanga.
Amathemba amatsha asekwinqanaba lophando
Ukongeza kula mayeza avunyiweyo ngoku, kukho amanye amayeza athembisayo aphando. Nangona la mayeza engekasetyenziswa rhoqo, anokuba luncedo olukhulu kuthi kwixesha elizayo.
Izithinteli zePARP
La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela amandla eeseli zomhlaza okuzilungisa ngokwazo (ukulungiswa kwe-DNA). Kufunyaniswe ukuba aluncedo kakhulu kubantu abaneenguqu kwi-genes ze-BRCA1 okanye ze-BRCA2, ezinxulunyaniswa nomhlaza webele.
Ii-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
La mayeza akwathintela ii-enzymes ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule. I-Lapatinib (Tykerb) sele ivunyiwe kwi-HER2-positive cancers. Elinye iyeza, iNeratinib, liboniswe kuphando olutsha ukunceda izigulane ziphile ixesha elide xa zinikwa emva kwe-chemotherapy.
Unyango lwe-HER2 olujolise ngakumbi
Malunga nomntu omnye kwabahlanu abanomhlaza webele uneproteni eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yiHER2, enceda ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza webele. Amayeza ajolise kule proteni aphuhliswa yonke imihla. Umzekelo, iyeza iMargetuximab libonise iziphumo ezithembisayo ekuncipheni kweethumba, kwaye iyeza i-ONT-380 libonise ithemba ekunyangeni umhlaza webele ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.
Olunye unyango lwe-immunotherapy
La mayeza asebenza ngokuvuselela amajoni ethu omzimba ukuze alwe nomhlaza. Eli yeza elithi `Pembrolizumab` libonise iziphumo ezithembisayo kuvavanyo lwezonyango, ingakumbi njengonyango lohlobo lomhlaza webele olunamandla kakhulu oluthi `Triple-Negative`.
Ukuqonda okutsha kwendlela umhlaza osasazeka ngayo
Kunye nala mayeza matsha, izazinzulu zikwafumanisa izinto ezintsha malunga nendlela umhlaza osasazeka ngayo emzimbeni wonke (i-metastasis). Olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwexesha elizayo.
Khawucinge nje, besisoloko sicinga ukuba umhlaza usasazeka njengejoni elisuka emkhosini lishiya inkampu yalo kwindawo entsha. Oko kukuthi, iseli enye yomhlaza ihamba ngegazi ize iye kwenye ilungu, njengesibindi okanye imiphunga.
Kodwa, uphando lwamva nje lufumanise ukuba, ayilodwa, oluKuthiwa iiseli zomhlaza zihamba ngokwamaqela , njengeqela lamajoni ahamba kunye.
Oku kufunyaniswa kubaluleke kakhulu kuba, xa sele siyazi kakuhle indlela umhlaza oziphatha ngayo, kuya kuba lula koososayensi ukuba baphuhlise unyango olujolise ngakumbi olunokuthintela loo maqela. Oko kukuthi, ukuthintela iqela ekushukumeni kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kunokumisa iseli enye.
Unganceda njani kolu hambo?
Ngezi zinto zintsha zifunyenweyo, nawe unokufumana amathuba okufaka isandla kule mfazwe ngandlela thile.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Buza, "Ngaba kukho naluphi na unyango olutsha okanye iimvavanyo zonyango kwilizwe lethu ezinokundifanela?" Uvavanyo lwezonyango luphononongo olujongwa ngokusondeleyo oluvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwamayeza amatsha ngaphambi kokuba anikwe uluntu ngokubanzi.
Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukuchaza iingenelo, iingozi, kunye nolindelo lokuthatha inxaxheba kolu vavanyo. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo.
Kwakhona, khangela amaqela enkxaso kubantu abanesifo somhlaza. Angakunika inkxaso yeemvakalelo nolwazi olutsha. Khumbula, awuwedwa kolu hambo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amayeza amatsha nasebenza ngakumbi (ii-CDK 4/6 inhibitors, i-immunotherapy) ngoku afumaneka kumhlaza webele ophucukileyo. La mayeza anokulawula ukusasazeka komhlaza.
- Isayensi ihambela phambili imihla ngemihla. Ukufunyanwa kokuba umhlaza usasazeka ngokwamaqela, kungekhona njengeeseli ezizimeleyo, kuvule iindlela ezintsha zonyango lwexesha elizayo.
- Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nonyango lwamva nje kunye nezilingo zeklinikhi ezifanelekileyo kuwe. Musa ukukholelwa yonke into oyibonayo kwi-intanethi, fumana iingcebiso zonyango ezichanekileyo.
- Eli dabi linzima, kodwa awuwedwa. Izazinzulu kunye noogqirha kwihlabathi liphela bahlala bekhangela izinto ezintsha zokunceda izigulana ezinjengawe. Hlala unethemba.
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