Xa ufumanisa ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unesifo somhlaza, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva uloyiko olukhulu kunye nexhala xa usiva amagama athi 'chemo'. Igama elithi 'chemo' likhawuleza licinge ngomntu olahlekelwa ziinwele zakhe, elahlekelwa bubunzima, kwaye ebandezeleka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba siyaqonda kakuhle ukuba yintoni i-chemotherapy, zeziphi iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa yona, kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo umzimba, olu loyiko lunokuncipha kakhulu. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngayo ngendlela enobuhlobo.
Yintoni i-chemotherapy ngokulula?
Ngamafutshane, i-chemotherapy lunyango olusebenzisa amayeza anamandla kakhulu ukunyanga umhlaza. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'chemo' ngamafutshane. Lolunye lolona nyango lusebenzayo lomhlaza.
Ukuze siqonde indlela esebenza ngayo le nto, kufuneka siqale sazi kancinci ngeeseli emizimbeni yethu. Imizimba yethu yenziwe ngeebhiliyoni zeeseli. Iiseli eziphilileyo ziyahlukana xa zifuneka, zenze iiseli ezintsha, kwaye ziyafa xa zingasafuneki. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumjikelo weseli. Kodwa iiseli zomhlaza azenzi njalo. Ziyahlukana kwaye zande ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokulawula, zenze iithumba.
Oko kwenziwa yichemotherapy kukutshabalalisa ezi seli zomhlaza ezahlula ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuzithintele ekuhlukaneni ngakumbi. Oko kukuthi, ilawula ukukhula komhlaza.
Ngaba i-chemotherapy isetyenziselwa umhlaza kuphela?
Ixesha elininzi, ewe. I-chemotherapy isetyenziswa kakhulu ukunyanga umhlaza. Iingcali zonyango zicebisa i-chemotherapy kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango ezifana notyando kunye nonyango lwe-radiation.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha i-chemotherapy ikwasetyenziswa nakwezinye izifo ezingezizo ezomhlaza.
- Izifo Ezizikhusela Ngokwasemzimbeni: Kwezi zifo, iiseli zomzimba wethu zihlasela izicubu zethu eziphilileyo. I-Chemotherapy inokulawula ezi seli zomzimba ezihlukana ngokukhawuleza kwaye inciphise umonakalo eziwenzayo emzimbeni.
- Iingxaki Zegazi: Kwezinye iingxaki zegazi, umongo wethambo uvelisa iiseli zegazi ezingaqhelekanga. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-chemotherapy inikwa ukutshabalalisa ezi seli ezingaqhelekanga kumongo wethambo kwaye ivulele indlela iiseli ezintsha eziphilileyo ngaphambi kokufakelwa iseli ye-stem.
Iintlobo zamayeza e-chemotherapy kunye nendlela asebenza ngayo
Amayeza e-chemotherapy ayilohlobo olunye. Ahlulwe kwiindidi ezininzi eziphambili ngokusekwe kwindlela akhiwe ngayo ngamakhemikhali kunye nendlela abulala ngayo iiseli zomhlaza. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi iyeza okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza afanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza onalo, ukuba usasazeke kangakanani (inqanaba), kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Ngamanye amaxesha, endaweni yeyeza elinye kuphela, kunikwa amayeza amaninzi kunye. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-combination chemotherapy. Ukunika amayeza ahlukeneyo kunye kwandisa impumelelo yonyango kuba iyeza ngalinye lihlasela iiseli zomhlaza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili zamayeza e-chemotherapy.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Ingaba isebenza kanjani | Imizekelo eqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Iiarhente zeAlkylating | Zonakalisa i-DNA yeeseli zomhlaza kwaye ziyazithintela ukuba zingahlukani. Ezi yayiziintlobo zokuqala ze-chemo ezafunyanwayo. | ICarboplatin, iCisplatin, iCyclophosphamide |
| Ii-antimetabolites | Ithintela iiseli zomhlaza ekwenzeni izinto zemfuza (i-DNA) ezifunekayo ukwenza iiseli ezintsha. Kufana nokumisa izixhobo zokwakha ezifunekayo ukwakha indlu entsha. | I-5-fluorouracil, iMethotrexate, iGemcitabine |
| Ii-Topoisomerase Inhibitors | Ithintela i-enzyme (i-topoisomerase) enceda iseli yomhlaza ukuba ikopishe i-DNA yayo. Oku kuyayithintela iseli ukuba ingahlukani. | I-Etoposide, i-Irinotecan, i-Topotecan |
| Izithinteli zeMitotic | Ezi zizinto ezidla ngokufumaneka kwizityalo kwaye ziphazamisana nenkqubo yokwahlukana kweeseli zomhlaza (i-mitosis). | I-Paclitaxel, iDocetaxel, iVincristine |
| Ii-Antibiotics ezilwa nomhlaza | Ziyayimisa i-DNA ephindaphindeneyo yeeseli zomhlaza, mhlawumbi zingonakalisa i-DNA. | I-Doxorubicin, iBleomycin, iMitomycin-C |
Ngaba ii-corticosteroids nazo ziyiyeza le-chemotherapy?
Hayi. `Ii-Corticosteroids` azingomayeza e-chemotherapy. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abafumana i-chemotherapy banikwa zona ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokuhlanza kunye nokucaphuka. Kwakhona, ezinye ii-`Corticosteroids` zinamandla okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. `I-Dexamethasone` kunye ne-`Prednisolone` ziyimizekelo yoku.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezoyikwa ngumntu wonke
Eyona ngxaki inkulu umntu anayo xa ethetha nge-chemotherapy ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kuyinyani ukuba i-chemotherapy ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Isizathu soku kukuba amayeza e-chemotherapy awakwazi ukwahlula phakathi kweeseli zomhlaza kunye neeseli eziphilileyo. La mayeza ahlasela nayiphi na iseli ehlukana ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza kwiiseli zomhlaza, kukwakho neeseli eziphilileyo emzimbeni wethu ezihlukana ngokukhawuleza.
Umzekelo:
- Iiseli ezikwiingcambu zeenwele (yiyo loo nto iinwele zikhula)
- Iiseli ezingaphakathi emlonyeni nasemqaleni (yiyo loo nto kuvela izilonda emlonyeni)
- Iiseli zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya (yiloo nto ibangela isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu)
- Iiseli ezenza iiseli zegazi kumongo wethambo (yiyo loo nto i-anemia isenzeka kwaye ukumelana nezifo kuncipha)
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ezinokubakho ngenxa yoku zezi:
- Ukudinwa kakhulu
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Urhudo okanye ukuqhina
- Ukulahleka kweenwele
- Izilonda zomlomo
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Ukuncipha kweeseli zegazi kubangela i-anemia kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo (i-neutropenia).
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu oza kufumana zonke ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga. Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amanye amayeza okulawula uninzi lwale miphumo emibi nokunciphisa imiphumo yayo. Ngoko ke musa ukuyeka unyango ngenxa yemiphumo emibi. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki ozivayo.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngexesha le-chemotherapy. Ingakumbi, musa ukuyithatha lula into yokuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngesiqhelo ungaphezulu kwama-38°C / 100.4°F)
- Ukuhlanza okanye urhudo olungapheliyo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukopha okungapheliyo okuvela naphi na emzimbeni
- Ukungakwazi ukutya okanye ukusela ngenxa yokwenzakala kakhulu emlonyeni
Kwimeko enjalo, fowunela ngoko nangoko iyunithi yomhlaza yesibhedlele apho unyangwa khona, okanye uye kwicandelo likaxakeka (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Ezi ayizozinto zokulinda. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha umthamo wamayeza, atshintshe ishedyuli yonyango, okanye akunike amanye amayeza eziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-chemotherapy lunyango olunamandla kakhulu nolusebenzayo olutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Musa ukuyoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamayeza e-chemotherapy. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha unyango olungcono kakhulu lomhlaza wakho kunye nemeko yakho yempilo.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho, kodwa uninzi lwazo zinokulawulwa. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokungonwabi okuzivayo.
- Ngexesha lonyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amayeza akho ngexesha kwaye uye kwiikliniki.
- Awuwedwa. Usapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye neqela lezonyango bakhona ukukunceda. Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukucela uncedo kubo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho