Uyakhumbula elo xesha elatshintsha ubomi bethu ngokupheleleyo, elathi ngequbuliso lamisa lonke ihlabathi? Ewe, ndithetha ngobhubhane
we-COVID-19 . Eli gama lithi "corona" ngoku liyinxalenye yobomi bethu. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye le
coronavirus ? Ngaba yinto efike ngequbuliso emhlabeni? Okanye inembali? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye le ntsapho ye-coronavirus?
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba i-coronavirus yintsholongwane enye nje. Kodwa ayiyonyani leyo.
I-Coronavirus yingqokelela yeentsholongwane ezikusapho olunye. Njengokuba kukho abantu abahlukeneyo kwiintsapho zethu, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane kolu sapho lwe-coronavirus. Ezinye iintsholongwane kolu sapho zibangela izifo ezincinci ezifana
nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo esiwufumanayo. Kukho ezinye iintsholongwane
ezisulela izilwanyana ezifana namalulwane, iinkamela, kunye neenkomo kuphela. Ngoko ke, kukulusapho olukhulu apho intsholongwane ebangela i-COVID-19, intsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi
-SARS-CoV-2 , yavela khona. Izazinzulu zaqala ukufumanisa i-coronavirus enosulela abantu
ngo-1965. Yabangela umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Kamva, kwafunyanwa ezinye iintlobo zeentsholongwane ezifana nale. Xa zijongwa phantsi kwe-microscope, ezi ntsholongwane zinezikhonkwane kumphezulu wazo ezibukeka njengesithsaba, ngoko ke zabizwa ngokuba yi-"corona," ngokusekelwe kwigama lesiLatini elithetha "isithsaba."
Iintsholongwane ezinkulu ze-coronavirus ezazikho ngaphambi kwe-COVID-19
Kwanangaphambi kobhubhane we-COVID-19, ii-coronavirus ezimbini eziphambili ezazibangela izifo ezinzulu ebantwini zazisasazeka kwihlabathi liphela. Masifunde kancinci ngazo.
| Iintsholongwane kunye nesifo | Unyaka kunye nendawo yokuvela | Amanqaku abalulekileyo |
|---|
| I-SARS (iSifo sokuphefumla esibukhali kakhulu) | Ngo-2002, eMzantsi China | Yasasazeka kumazwe angama-28. Abantu abangaphezu kwama-8,000 bosulelwe kwaye abangama-774 bafa. Umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, ukukhwehlela, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla yayiziimpawu eziphambili. |
| I-MERS (i-Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) | Ngowama-2012, eSaudi Arabia | Nangona yayingasuleli kangako njenge-SARS, izinga lokufa laliphezulu. Abantu abayi-2,500 bosulelwe kwaye abangama-858 bafa. Ukongeza kwiingxaki zokuphefumla, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso nako kwenzeke. |
Kukholelwa ukuba zombini ezi ntsholongwane zaqala ukutsibela ebantwini zivela kwizilwanyana (ingakumbi amalulwane).
Ibali le-COVID-19 laqala njani?
Ngoku masiqhubekele phambili kwingxaki enkulu yezempilo yexesha lethu, i-COVID-19. Ekupheleni kuka-2019, amatyala amaninzi e-pneumonia angaziwa ukuba abangelwa yintoni axelwe kwisixeko saseWuhan, eTshayina. Ayeneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Ekuqaleni, kwakucingwa ukuba yaqala "kwimarike emanzi" eWuhan. Le yindawo apho imifuno neziqhamo ezintsha zazithengiswa khona, kunye nenyama yezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa emva kwexesha elithile, kwafunyaniswa ukuba esi sifo sasisasazeka nakubantu ababengenalo unxibelelwano naloo marike.
Oku kuthetha ukuba intsholongwane yasuka kwisilwanyana yaya emntwini, yaza yasuka emntwini yaya emntwini, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Zithini izimvo malunga nemvelaphi ye-COVID-19?
Akukabikho siqinisekiso se-100% malunga nokuba intsholongwane ye-COVID-19 yaqala njani. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcamango ezimbini eziphambili: 1.
Ukudluliselwa kwesilwanyana ebantwini: Njenge-SARS kunye ne-MERS, intsholongwane kukholelwa ukuba yavela ngokwendalo kwisilwanyana (mhlawumbi ilulwane) yaza yasasazeka ebantwini ngesilwanyana esiphakathi. 2.
Ukudluliselwa kwilebhu: Intsholongwane eyayifundwa kwilebhu yophando oluthile yakhutshwa ngengozi. Akukho bungqina baneleyo bokungqina ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuchasa nayiphi na kwezi ngcamango. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweengxelo zobukrelekrele zibonisa ukuba
ayizange yenziwe ngemfuza okanye yenziwe njengesixhobo sebhayoloji .
Kutheni oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-COVID-19?
Le yingxaki nakubantu abaninzi.
- Le ntsholongwane ibizwa ngokuba yiSARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). Ithiywe ngenxa yokuba ifana kakhulu nentsholongwane yeSARS eyavela ngo-2002. Iintsholongwane zithiywe ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo sazo semfuza.
- Igama lesi sifo: COVID-19. Esi sisifinyezo. CO rona VI rus D isease of 20 19. Oko kuthetha isifo se-coronavirus esachongwa ngo-2019.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuba akulunganga kwaphela ukubiza esi sifo ngokuthi "yiWuhan flu" okanye "yintsholongwane yaseTshayina". Ukusetyenziswa kwala magama kukhokelele kwintetho yentiyo kunye nogonyamelo kubantu baseAsia kwihlabathi liphela. Sonke kufuneka siyeke ukudibanisa nasiphi na isifo nalo naluphi na uhlanga okanye ilizwe.
Ngomhla we-11 kweyoKwindla, ngo-2020, i-World Health Organisation (WHO) yabhengeza ngokusesikweni imeko ye-COVID-19
njengobhubhane . Akunakuphikiswa ukuba ubomi bethu butshintshe kangakanani ukusukela ngoko.
Zeziphi izifundo esifanele sizifunde?
Ubhubhane we-COVID-19 usifundise izinto ezininzi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuzo kukuba ubhubhane awuyongxaki yempilo nje kuphela, kodwa yingxaki yentlalo, yezoqoqosho, neyengqondo. Sikwafunde nendlela isayensi nolwazi oluchanekileyo oluxabiseke ngayo. Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga neempawu, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubonisana
nogqirha wakho endaweni yokukholelwa kuyo yonke into oyifumana kwi-intanethi. Baza kukunika ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- ICoronavirus ayilogciwane elinye, kodwa lusapho olukhulu lweentsholongwane. I-COVID-19 ibangelwa lilungu elinye losapho, intsholongwane ye-SARS-CoV-2.
- Ngaphambi kwe-COVID-19, izifo ezinzulu ze-coronavirus ezifana ne-SARS kunye ne-MERS nazo zazisasazeke kwihlabathi liphela.
- Imvelaphi yentsholongwane ye-COVID-19 ayikacaci. Nokuba ivela kwisilwanyana okanye isasazeke kwilabhoratri isaphikisana.
- Ungaze udibanise isifo nohlanga oluthile, uhlanga, okanye ilizwe. Akulunganga kwaye akunabuntu.
- Soloko ucela ingcebiso kugqirha ofanelekileyo ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nemiba yezempilo.
ICoronavirus, iCOVID-19, ubhubhane, iSARS-CoV-2, imbali yentsholongwane, iSARS, iMERS
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